违约金基本问题研究

对违约金概念的法律界定问题 ,在我国的合同法中至今还是一个空白。我国合同法上的违约金 ,应是一种违约责任形式 ,具有补偿性质 ,在特殊情况下还兼有惩罚性质。弄清楚违约金的概念、性质及定位 ,可以进一步完善市场经济中违约金制度     

The Relationship Between Traumatization and Pain: What is the Role of Emotion?

The role of emotion in the relationship between traumatic experiences and physical pain was examined via path modeling by using a sample of hospital outpatients (N = 138). Most of the participants reported being traumatized (77%) and experiencing chronic pain (69%). Trauma survivors and nontraumatized individuals did not differ significantly on mean symptom scale scores (i.e., depression, anxiety, anger, dissociation, somatization and pain). However, a moderate effect size was found for dissociation. There were also significant associations found between trauma levels and levels of adult symptomatology. Interestingly, sexual abuse was less highly correlated with symptomatology than other types of traumatization, such as neglect. None of the three proposed path models describing the relationship between trauma, pain, and emotion fit the data successfully. Implications are discussed.     

法医DNA检验技术应用得失探讨

目前,法医DNA检验技术主要是应用刑事案件(命案、强奸、恶性械斗、群死群伤、盗窃等)现场上出现几率较大的生物物证来进行认定或排除,为诉讼提供客观、真实的证据。本文通过作者实际办案经历,来探讨工作实践中如何正确有效应用法医DNA检验技术,更好地服务于公安业务工作。     

Inefficiencies in Public Policies

'Government failures,' or inefficient public policies, can be classified broadly into two groups: those whose faults fall on the supply side and those that are imperfect on the demand side. The former are further divided into X-inefficiencies and those deriving from the failure to adequately perceive the actual policy benefits or costs. The latter result when policy demands are either inflated or lower than the socially optimal level. This article examines each of these groups in turn with the help of microeconomic analytical tools, proposing remedial political/policy measures for each.     

独参注射液治疗缺血性心力衰竭42例临床观察

目的：探讨独参注射液对缺血性心脏病心力衰竭的治疗作用。方法：４２ 例在常规治疗基础上加用独参注射液治疗２ 周,观察治疗前后临床症状、体征、心功能、心电图、心脏彩色Ｂ 超室壁运动状况及血液流变性等指标的改善情况,并采用常规治疗为对照组。结果：两组患者在常规治疗基本相似的情况下,治疗组显效率（６１ ．９ ％ ） 和总有效率（９０ ．５ ％ ） 均显著高于对照组（３４ ．２ ％ 和７３ ．２ ％ ） ,心电图、心脏彩色Ｂ 超室壁运动状况及血液流变性的改善均较对照组为优（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５ , Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。结论：独参注射液对缺血性心脏病心力衰竭具有正性肌力的作用。     

网络虚拟世界对青少年的负面影响与防治对策

网络正在以神话般的速度将其触角伸向社会生活的各个领域 ,更吸引了众多青少年加盟。网络造就的虚拟空间隐藏着的各种消极因素 ,正在一步步逼近缺乏足够辨析问题能力的青少年 ,无情地侵蚀着青少年的身心健康。如不很好地加以解决和控制 ,将会影响青少年的未来发展。应采取的对策是 :( 1)针对网络虚拟世界产生的负面影响 ,帮助青少年建立心理健康的自我调节系统 ;( 2 )从社会角度建立心理健康的社会支持系统。     

Estimating the numbers of prison terms in criminal careers from one-step probabilities of recidivism

A method of using estimates of one-step probabilities of recidivism, i.e., conditional probabilities of individuals returning to prison for the jth time given release for the (j-1)st time, to estimate the numbers of prison terms expected to be accumulated by the individuals, is presented. The method is illustrated by calculating the expected numbers of prison terms separately for racial and gender groups in a large data base of Western Australian prisoners. The recidivism probabilities for these data were estimated by fitting Weibull mixture models to the (possibly censored) times to recidivate. The probabilities increase strongly asj increases from 1 to 6, then level off. Large differences between them are due to racial and gender group and these are reflected in the differing expected prison career durations for these groups. The effect of interventions which might lower recidivism is discussed in the light of the method as applied to these estimates.     

中外政府规制改革的比较分析

规制是政府管理经济社会事务的重要手段,并一直为经济学、政治学和法学所关注。当前中国的政府规制改革,要借鉴发达国家规制放松的经验,结合中国转型期的特点,重构现行“混合型规制”;同时要解决“规制者角色错位”问题,明确规制改革的战略目标、基本原则和主要任务。积极稳妥地推进规制改革,不仅有助于消除参与全球化的制度障碍,建立高效、廉洁、行为规范的政府管理体制,而且有利于施政创新,推动法治政府建设。     

案犯作案失败的归因研究

探讨行为的原因与分析因果关系的各种理论叫归因论。本研究依据归因理论,采用自编的行为归因问卷,对九十九名犯罪嫌疑人试测,并对测试结果作了分析,以期为侦查及审讯、监管工作提供参考。     

控制失败的可诉性研究

经济法学界对于经济法的可诉性研究一直是比较薄弱的 ,在一定程度上影响了经济法理论和实践的发展。本文基于经济法学界对其可诉性的研究现状 ,提出了专门的“控制失败”概念 ,探讨了控制失败的可诉性 ,指出应该具体问题具体分析 ,宏观调控的决策行为不具有可诉性 ,而宏观调控的执行行为和市场规制行为具有可诉性 ,为经济法诉讼问题作出了初步的探讨。