权威、权益、权衡：当代中国公民的政策参与

从长远来看,社会和经济的发展会带来公民政策参与的扩大。而从理论与现实考量,不适度的政策参与带来失序和无效,只有适度的公民参与才有利于政策过程的顺利实施。而这种适度的把握来自于公民政策参与,政府权威与公民权益的权衡,权衡的真正本意在于追求公民政策参与的有序性和有效性。     

Parenting Behaviors,Association with Deviant Peers,and Delinquency in African American Adolescents: A Mediated-Moderation Model

The aim of the present study was to examine a model positing that association with deviant peers mediates the relation between adolescent perceived parenting behaviors (maternal monitoring and involvement), the interaction of these parenting behaviors, and delinquency in a sample of 135 urban African American adolescents (13–19 years of age). Regression analyses revealed a monitoring by involvement interaction among African American females, suggesting that maternal monitoring may effectively reduce delinquency among African American female adolescents, and that this reduction may be enhanced by increased maternal involvement. Among African American males, only the relation between association with deviant peers and delinquency was supported, suggesting that maternal parenting behaviors may, in isolation, be insufficient in the prevention of delinquent behaviors in African American male adolescents. The results suggest that the pathways from parenting to association with deviant peers and delinquency may differ in males and females, and the salience of certain parenting behaviors may differ across gender. This article is based on research that was submitted by the first author in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the master’s degree in psychology at the University at Albany, State University of New York. Support for this research was provided by a Faculty Research Award to the second author. Doctoral student in the Clinical Psychology Program at the University at Albany, State University of New York. Her major research interests include risk and resiliency processes in minority youth and measurement equivalence of risk and resiliency constructs. Assistant professor in the Department of Psychology at the University at Albany, State University of New York. She received her Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from the University of North Texas. Her major research interests are ecocultural models of risk and resiliency in minority youth and measurement equivalence of risk and resiliency constructs. Post-doctoral fellow with the Prevention Research Center at Arizona State University. He received his Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from the University at Albany, State University of New York. His major research interests are ecocultural models of risk and resiliency in children, preventive intervention development for diverse children, and quantitative methodology and applications in developmental and cross-cultural psychology.     

交往理性:公民政治参与的新范式

哈贝马斯交往理性理论有力地批判了近、现代工业文明条件下以工具理性思维模式为基础的“精英民主论,”为当代“大众参与民主论”发展提供了一种哲学话语和方法论基础。以交往理性建构的程序主义商谈民主观,其核心在于强调只有公民的有效参与,才是实现民主的根本途径。这种政治哲学思维对促进当代中国政治文明建设,实现公民参与公共决策具有一定的理论启迪和借鉴意义。     

我国网络文明建设面临的挑战及对策

计算机互联网的延生,改变了人们的生产和生活方式,也在思想文化领域产生了重大而深远的影响。同时,信息网络的发展,也带来了一些网络社会问题,使网络文明面临严峻的挑战。因此,规范网民文明上网,增强网民的网络道德意识,建设网络文明,理应成为我国公民道德建设的一项重要内容。     

论我国环境知情权的发展完善

环境知情权是一项新兴的环境法律权利,并随着社会的发展得到不断的完善,我国环境知情权虽然也有了很大的发展但还存在具体的缺陷,对环境知情权存在的问题做出分析后,借鉴国外的经验和教训,提出完善我国环境知情权应做出的努力。针对目前环境知情权制度,要求加强环境信息公开力度,明确政府职责,注重加强公众参与机制,推动相关立法的不断完善,不断完善环境知情权的法律规范,创建符合我国具体国情的法律机制。     

中国乡村组织方式等级化问题研究——以公民文化缺失为视角

当前，新农村建设中普遍存在着公民文化缺失的现象，导致乡村组织方式等级化问题。要解决这一问题必须从健全社会主义市场经济体制、依据先进文化培养新型农民、充分发挥政治社会化功能三个层面入手，其根本就是重构乡村公民文化，提高公民意识。     

和谐社会、法治文明与公民权利保障

建设和谐社会的目标包括了法治建设的根本内容,法治文明、法治社会是和谐社会的要求和保障。法治文明形成的历史过程决定现代法治必然以保障公民权利为和谐,保障公民权利贯穿于法治文明的各项内在要求。我国要建立社会主义和谐社会,必须通过改进公民权利规定、进一步合理约束政府权力和完善公民权利表达与救济途径来实现。此外,针对社会中特殊群体,国家须采取特别措施,以真正保障全体公民的权利。     

法律绩效评估的“公众参与”模式探讨

法律绩效评估是指法律实施一段时间以后,有关部门、组织或人员对其实施效果等进行评估,分析法律实施过程中的立法问题,从而完善立法。法律绩效评估的公众参与模式强调公众对立法实施效果评估的参与,以获得法律实施的客观、真实的评估信息与结果。法律绩效评估的公众参与模式发挥一定的积极功能如表达利益、整合利益、认同法律、宣传法律等,但也会存在一些技术与制度上的困境。     

解决公民信“访”不信“法”问题的对策

信访制度是我国公民政治参与和民意表达诉求的重要渠道,也是实现和维护公民权利的具体形式。本文分析了当前公民涉法涉诉类信访存在的信＂访＂不信＂法＂问题的主要弊端,剖析了其深层次原因,结合我国法律、政治等实际提出了综合解决方案,以期对建设社会主义政治文明有所裨益。     

震后恢复与重建中法律关系变更问题研究

汶川地震发生后，在灾区恢复重建活动中遇到的一个很重要问题就是因为法律关系变更导致了大量的法律纠纷和社会矛盾，因此，如何在制度上建立一套规范有序的程序来解决地震灾害所破坏的各种财产关系、人际关系成为法学界和灾区所关注的重要问题。震后恢复重建活动要高度关注权力与权力关系变更、权力与权利关系变更以及权利与权利关系变更三类法律关系变更问题。由于我国目前法律法规关于法律关系变更制度的规定不系统、不规范，致使最高人民法院只有通过司法解释的方式才能解决本来应当由立法机关加以解决的震后灾区各种法律关系变更所引发的法律问题。因此，要通过制定《紧急状态法》、《灾害对策基本法》和《灾害保险法》等等法律法规的立法途径，来进一步规范和完善法律关系变更制度，为震后恢复重建工作提供更加充分和有力的法律保障。