保护被害人义务的归属

保护被害人的义务具有多重归属，国家、社区、家庭以及公民自身都当共同承担保护被害人的责任。国家应当是对被害人实施保护的第一义务人，社区是对被害人实施保护的直接责任者，公民自身是保护被害人权利义务双重承担者。     

我国事业单位绩效工资评估体系的分析和建议

事业单位的绩效工资管理一直是一项政策性强、涉及面广、难度大的工作。本文以新推出的事业单位绩效工资政策为出发点，回顾了我国事业单位绩效工资改革的历程，揭示了我国现行事业单位绩效工资评估中存在的问题，提出了建立公民参与的事业单位绩效工资评估机制的建议。     

复境权内涵之辨

早自上个世纪30年代,便有学人开始向国人介绍复境权的概念,然此后对该制度的认识竟至几无进展。国内法学界对复境权的认知,长久地停留在这样的层面:罗马士兵被俘以后一旦返回便得恢复先前的身份及权利。实际上,复境权制度的适用并非向来就只限于士兵及其返回的情况。它起源于和平态势下的人口迁徙,只是在共和末期以后,随着罗马政治军事力量的变化,其适用的范围才逐渐限缩。     

Bridging borders through institution-building: the EGTC as a facilitator of institutional integration in cross-border regions

This article examines cross-border integration at the sub-state level in the frame of a European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC). The EGTC is a supranational and directly applicable EU legal instrument that regulates the creation of cross-border ‘associations' with legal personality between public authorities. Thus, it represents a policy tool that can have an effect on the institutional frame of cross-border cooperation and potentially enhance cross-border institutional integration at the sub-state level. The aim of this article is to examine the potential effect of this EU instrument on cross-border institutional integration by studying the institutional architecture of selected EGTCs. This is done on the basis of an analytical grid that defines elements of a possible integration process based on an institutional-oriented approach. This analytical grid is applied to four case studies: the Eurométropole Lille-Kortrijk-Tournai, the EGTC Ister-Granum, the Pyrenees-Mediterranean Euroregion and the European Region Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino. The empirical analysis shows that despite the considerable improvement of the legal basis for cooperation, the possible effect of the EGTC for further institutional cross-border integration is still rather limited due to a narrow design of institutions and a low level of actor involvement.     

Politisierung in Vereinen. Eine empirische Studie zum Zusammenhang zwischen der Vereinsmitgliedschaft und der Teilnahme an politischen Diskussionen

Es ist empirisch gut belegt, dass Vereinsmitglieder nicht nur häufiger politisch partizipieren als Nichtmitglieder, sondern dass sie sich auch überdurchschnittlich für Politik interessieren und über Politik diskutieren. In diesem Artikel wird anhand von Analysen zum Zusammenhang zwischen der Vereinsmitgliedschaft und der Teilnahme an politischen Diskussionen gezeigt, dass dieser empirische Befund nur bedingt auf politische Sozialisationseffekte von Freiwilligenorganisationenzurückzuführen ist. Die Ergebnisse von multivariaten Analysen weisen darauf hin, dass nicht die Vereinsmitgliedschaft, sondern eher die politische Frühsozialisation und die Ausbildung zu einer vermehrten Teilnahme an politischen Diskussionen führen. Vereine entfalten primär dann eine politisierende Wirkung, wenn sie die Möglichkeit bieten, Organisations‐ und Kommunikationsfähigkeit en zu erlernen respektive zu kultivieren, oder wenn sie einen Beitrag zur Konfliktfähigkeit ihrer Mitglieder leisten.     

论民法的本质

民法的本质是民法本身所固有的根本属性 ,其决定民法的调整对象、调整方法、目的和体系。民法是权利法 ,表现在其制度、规范、目标等方面 ;民法是私法 ,在立法、司法、法学教育等方面均有重要意义 ;民法是市民社会的法 ,根本原因在于其以市民社会为基础产生和发展起来 ;民法是市场经济的基本法 ,表现在其确立了市场主体资格 ,财产归属和流转制度以及以其理念指导市场经济的运行等方面。     

Is Britain Facing a Crisis of Democracy?

This article contributes to the debate in this journal about the state of British democracy. I criticise the tendency to use a ‘demand–supply’ dichotomy in interpreting the strong distrust experienced by institutions and politicians, and especially the idea that all the blame for current problems is to be attributed to the inadequateness of the British political tradition (BPT). By referring to international data on democracy and to recent British trends in both public attitudes and institutional innovations, a more nuanced picture on the state of democracy emerges. I argue that the BPT is not incompatible with incremental changes that have already introduced innovations in the way politics works in Britain today, and that the task of empowering citizens is one of the most delicate aspects in this process of innovation.     

Explaining Explanations: How Legislators Explain their Policy Positions and How Citizens React

Legislators claim that how they explain their votes matters as much as or more than the roll calls themselves. However, few studies have systematically examined legislators’ explanations and citizen attitudes in response to these explanations. We theorize that legislators strategically tailor explanations to constituents in order to compensate for policy choices that are incongruent with constituent preferences, and to reinforce policy choices that are congruent. We conduct a within‐subjects field experiment using U.S. senators as subjects to test this hypothesis. We then conduct a between‐subjects survey experiment of ordinary people to see how they react to the explanatory strategies used by senators in the field experiment. We find that most senators tailor their explanations to their audiences, and that these tailored explanations are effective at currying support—especially among people who disagree with the legislators’ roll‐call positions.     

Citizen Participation in City Governance: Experiences From Vietnam

The radical political and economic reforms sweeping through former socialist countries during the last several decades have facilitated economic growth and urbanization. During this period of market reform and urbanization, citizen participation is greatly needed yet easily lost to other priorities. We employ stakeholder theory to examine whether citizen participation differs between large and small cities and between the poor and non‐poor people in Vietnam. Using data from a sample of citizens in five centrally managed cities, we found that citizens in large cities and citizens that belong to “unofficially poor” groups participate less. For policy makers, this implies that citizen participation should be of central importance in the management of current cities' expansions. In addition, the categorization of “poor households” needs to be closely monitored to minimize the risk of de facto poor households being excluded from the group. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

论民事诉讼中的违法公民代理——《民事诉讼法》第58条的漏洞与完善

由于2012年的《民事诉讼法》限制委托代理人范围的规定,导致超出该范围的委托成为"违法公民代理"。在否定委托行为法律效力时,基于委托代理制度的功能及程序安定要求等多种因素考虑,应当肯定后续诉讼行为的效力。为防止"违法公民代理"发生,应对判断委托代理人资格至关重要的"近亲属"标准予以明确化,并通过配套机制,促使相关人员配合法院完成对委托代理人资格的审查。