中世纪西欧城市文学的女性观透视

出现于13～15世纪西欧的城市文学,在对待女性的态度方面受到了教会文学和骑士文学的双重影响,具有明显的对立调和性,即对女性的否定与赞美并存,以对立为主流,以否定为结果。这种对立往往与性爱和婚姻联系在一起,向往爱情、排斥婚姻和渴望性爱是其纵向的发展轨迹。城市文学中这种对立调和的女性观,为我们了解当时女性的社会形象提供了一种独特的文化视角。     

跨文化交际与英语教学

学习一种语言,交际是目的,语言是方法,文化是背景。为达到此目的,我们不但要学习语言本身,而且更应该了解以文化为基础的交际形式。本文初步总结了中西方文化在语义、语用中的若干文化差异,以加深学习者对语言本质的理解,避免交际中的文化冲突,以期顺利地完成交际。同时,努力为从事英语教学的工作者提供一些思路,使他们在英语教学实践中选择更好的方法和策略,以适应现代英语教育的需求。     

Detectives Stories and City Life

Detective stories take place mainly in two settings, constantly changing, many faceted big cities filled with strangers, and stable, fairly homogeneous, innocent small towns whose members know one another. The differences in each clarify the qualities of the other. In solving the mystery of the small town, the detective provides moral instruction and restores the town’s innocence. In solving the mystery in the big city the detective reveals the city as part of the mystery and provides the reader with temporary orientation to the city. Mysteries have grown with the growth of the cities and now appear in every country of the world. Harold J. Bershady is an emeritus Professor of Sociology at the University of Pennsylvania. His most recent book, edited with Renée Fox and Victor Lidz, is After Parson: A Theory of Action for the 21st Century, published by Russell Sage Press, 2005.     

“Editorials at a Glance”: Cultural Policy,Gender, and Modernity in the World War I Bureau of Cartoons

Cultural policy during the Great War, rather than radiating from the central government, evolved from contemporary culture—propaganda, movies, and mass media. The state was a player, but quasi‐public organizations such as propaganda agencies, non‐state actors like the YMCA, and “public opinion” played important roles. The Committee on Public Information (CPI)—the government's propaganda committee—influenced Americans through books, advertisements, posters, and cartoons. This essay examines two of the CPI's efforts: the Bureau of Cartoons and the Division of Pictorial Publicity. In these materials, we can see the intersection of class‐based notions of gendered idealism and a developing media state's use of a sentimental culture of the Victorian middle‐class to represent and motivate the nation. With staff drawn primarily from advertising agencies and newspapers, the Committee's work shows how the formulation of cultural policy is the result of complex negotiated processes involving state interests, cultural liaisons, and ideological assumptions.     

Effectiveness of private finance initiatives (PFI): study of private financing for the provision of capital assets for schools

The study reported in this paper explores how effective Public Private Partnerships (PPP) have been as critical providers of capital assets within the state education sector in the UK. Specifically, the research investigates the impact on educational provision of the UK government's contentious £43 billion Private Finance Initiative (PFI). The inquiry focuses on 27 English Local Education Authorities (LEAs) currently or recently involved in PFI. The investigation examines the effect of PFI's on LEA decision‐making processes and discusses these authorities assessment of the UK government's current PFI strategy. An evaluation of PFI as a source of sustainable finance is reported as well as recommendations made for LEAs currently considering adoption of PFI. Through such analysis, this study seeks to de‐layer and ascertain the influence of complex external environmental influences and stakeholders that need to be taken into account in order to make PPPs work. The paper concludes by presenting the critical considerations for enhancing the working relationship between private and public sector partners. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

民族文化创新是文化全球化的必然诉求

文化全球化的现状以及未来发展趋势要求民族文化创新。民族文化创新是历史发展差异性的供给源，是文化全球化历史发展的动力。民族文化创新既符合辩证法的内在要求，又体现了各民族对历史发展的高度责任感。因此，要实现文化全球化进程中的民族文化创新，应正确处理好趋利与避害的关系、借鉴与独创的关系、民族化和全球化的关系、主导性和多样性的关系。     

我国诱惑侦查之现状及法律规制

诱惑侦查是指侦查人员设置圈套或诱饵,暗示或诱使侦查对象暴露其犯罪意图并实施犯罪行为,待犯罪行为实施时或结果发生后,拘捕被诱惑者。作为一种特殊的侦查形式,因其成功侦破特殊类型的犯罪案件的高效性而在我国得到越来越多的运用。但这一侦查手段在实践运用中存在许多问题。我们可借鉴国外的法理和实践,从侦查目的、侦查模式及法治化要求的角度对诱惑侦查全面分析,并对其有效规范和制约,以更好地发挥其作用,规避其危险性。     

暴力文化对青少年的危害及其治理对策

随着社会的进一步发展,文化中的"异质"——暴力文化,在商业性舆论导向以及整个社会对之炒作的情势下,似有愈演愈烈之势。这对处于文化需求高峰期、经验不足、辨别是非和抵制消极影响能力差的青少年产生了极为不良的影响,受暴力文化影响而发生的悲剧屡见不鲜。这就需要全社会通力合作,形成预防暴力文化侵蚀青少年的安全网,从多个渠道、多个方面对此问题予以解决。     

论我国文化产业政策的缺失及完善途径

我国文化产业政策对推动文化产业发展发挥了积极作用,但依然存在着一些亟待改进的问题.除了客观因素外,政策制定者认识上的偏差和政策体制设计的缺陷是主要原因。完善我国的文化产业政策,需要全面把握文化产业的战略地位,不断深化对文化产业发展规律的认识,完善我国的文化产业决策体制,实现决策过程的科学化、民主化和法制化。     

明末至晚清世界地图在中国的传播和影响

世界地图在明清时期传播并成为中国人常识观念的一部分,经历了一个曲折的过程。其中的一个重要原因是文化心态上的认知障碍:历史上中国人一方面与异域的交往和对外部世界的了解不断扩展,同时却固守"华夏中心"的观念,认为自己不仅在诗书礼仪方面,而且在地理方位上也居于地球("天下")的中心。真正使中国人接受世界地图的,不是西方知识的传播,而是其枪炮。以传统天下观解体为契机,知识结构转换引发的价值危机构成了中国文化重建的历史起点。