完善北京城市应急决策指挥机制

应急管理的决策指挥机制分为先期处置、应急响应和应急结束三大流程加以规范。目前,北京已经建立起了独具特色的"三加二"应急管理模式,建立了较为完善的突发事件信息报送制。然而,北京目前的集中式应急指挥体系与分散化部门权责之间存在着冲突,决策指挥机构间的权限划分不够清晰;在应急信息管理中尚存在着制度导向的误区,在应急决策过程中缺乏专家参与制度。北京城市应急决策指挥机制应当强化应急决策指挥机构的权威性,建立统一的应急信息平台系统;重构应急管理中信息公开的理念、范围和方式;建立和完善应急决策指挥过程中的监督机制和专家顾问的参与机制。     

Gang Membership,Gun Carrying,and Employment: Applying Routine Activities Theory to Explain Violent Victimization Among Inner City,Minority Youth Living in Extreme Poverty∗

Conceptual inconsistencies in routine activities theory are illustrated by demonstrating how gang membership, gun carrying, and employment can be categorized as both risk and protective factors in a high‐poverty context. Two waves of longitudinal data from a high‐poverty sample of African American youth were used to examine the determinants of victimization risk. Bivariate analyses indicated that gang membership, gun carrying, and employment status are significant risk factors for violent victimization, but these effects were mediated by measures of lifestyles (e.g., demographic and family factors, deviant lifestyles) included as controls in the full multivariate model. In other words, the strong positive relationship between gang membership and gun carrying found in previous studies may be due to model misspecification and/or the lack of research on high‐poverty samples of inner city youth from the Deep South. Additional logistic regression analyses also indicate that the number of hours employed per week (but not employment status) is a risk factor for violent victimization. Finally, the theoretical implications of these findings for routine activities theory are discussed.     

妙喻连珠串《围城》

比喻是《围城》中运用得最多,也是最有特色的表现手法。在《围城》中,作者几乎调动了所有用得上的比喻手法,不仅有显喻、隐喻、曲喻,而且还有意向比喻、官感比喻、哲理比喻,等等。这些比喻如一颗颗熠熠发光的珍珠,缀满整部作品,使抽象化为形象,深奥化为浅显,复杂化为简约,平淡化为神奇,给语言增添了鲜明的艺术色彩,对增强作品的感染力也起到举足轻重的作用。     

对石家庄市新农村文化建设现状的调查与思考——以辛集市小辛庄乡为例

农村文化建设是新农村建设的重要内容。农村文化建设是政府行使职能的重要内容,各级政府是农村文化工作的责任主体。近年来,辛集市比较偏远的农民现代化的个人文化生活物品拥有程度有显著的提高,但农村的文化设施却有较大比例的缺失。     

我国城中村问题研究综述

城中村已成为影响我国大多数城市科学发展、和谐发展的重要问题。当前城中村研究的内容主要集中在城中村的概念、内涵;城中村的划分方法及类型;城中村的形成原因;城中村的功能;城中村的治理改造问题等方面。对于城中村问题研究的深度、广度、方法均不足。因此,应深化专题研究、拓宽研究内容,改进研究方法。     

关于我国户籍制度改革的新设想

近年来,全国各地要求户籍制度改革的呼声不断,虽然有些地方陆续进行了改革,但是由于改革正处于试验阶段,户籍制度改革面临着难点。原因在于制度上的障碍、利益集团的博弈、资源上的匮乏、政策上的阻碍等。我国应当建立全国统一的户口登记管理制度,实现公民身份的真正平等,注意改革的力度和顺序,在人事、教育、医疗等制度进行相应的改革,剥离现行户籍制度的社会福利和其他社会功能,促进户籍管理的法制化,建立城乡统筹、行政控制和市场推进相结合的体现平等和实现迁徙自由的户籍制度。     

Public administration in smart city: A bibliometric analysis

The role of the public administration is crucial for the development of smart cities. Several scholars have highlighted the need for greater contributions focused on the relationship between public administration and smart cities. This work aims to map the contributions on the topic highlighting the status of the field in the recent years. A bibliometric analysis was performed on a sample of articles published in business and management journals. The analysis was carried out using the R-studio Bibliometrics package. Results show that research on the topic is still in an initial stage and has several gaps that future studies could fill. The study is useful for scholars because it identifies the topics analyzed by previous research and highlights future research questions that could be investigated. The analysis highlighted the areas studied by scholars on the topic: urban planning, sustainable development, governance approach, Internet of Things and information and communication technologies.     

城市社区管理中的居民参与

居民参与在我国城市社区管理中发挥着重要作用,它有助于推动我国的民主化进程,有助于解决政府管理危机,有助于确保公共政策的有效运行。当前,我国城市社区管理中居民参与已经取得了一定的成效,但还存在参与广度与深度有限、参与发展不平衡、参与渠道不畅等问题。完善城市社区管理中的居民参与可以从三方面进行：一是大力培养和增强社区居民的参与意识;二是进一步健全与完善社区居民参与的组织体系;三是在法律中明确社区居民的参与权利与参与程序。     

A City‐wide Investigation of the Isotopic Distribution and Source of Tap Waters for Forensic Human Geolocation Ground‐truthing

Human geolocation is prefaced on the accuracy of the geographic precision of mapped isotopic values for drinking water. As most people live in cities, it becomes important to understand city water supplies and how the isotopic values uniquely reflect that city. This study investigated the isotopic distribution of δ²H and δ¹⁸O from sourced tap waters that were collected from across the Metro Vancouver (MV) area (n = 135). The results revealed that the isotopic values reflect their water sources with a range of 5.3‰ for δ¹⁸O_tap and 29.3‰ for δ²H_tap for MV. The results indicate that individual cities need higher resolution studies to determine their tap water isotopic ranges, and a good understanding of the water supply network itself for human geolocation work. With an extended high‐resolution understanding of each city, human tissue may be compared with more certainty for geolocation.     

推进边境口岸城市国际化的构想和对策——对黑龙江省绥芬河市的案例分析

城市国际化背景下,绥芬河市凭借自身的地缘优势,加之不断优化的内外发展环境,不断克服自身城市规模小、人口少等不利因素,逐步探索与国际接轨的城市发展的新模式。