我国刑事诉讼证人资格

证人证言作为法定证据的一种,必须具备一定资格.这种资格表明一个国家的法律用来承认或判断某人是否能成为诉讼中的证人的标准,我国刑事诉讼中的证人资格包括三个基本方面独立性、知情性、作证能力.     

环境民事损害的无过错责任原则研究

在人类社会的早期 ,实行结果责任原则。到了古罗马法后期 ,过错成为环境民事侵权行为法的基本归责原则。 19世纪以来 ,危险工业危害环境的高风险性给过错责任原则带来挑战 ,于是过失客观化、违法视为过失、过失推定论等调整过错责任原则的学说就产生了。但这些学说在司法实践中均存在一定的局限性 ,有必要加以整合和突破。出于环境民事损害的公平救济需要 ,过错责任原则的理论终于被超越 ,无过错责任通过判例和立法两种形式在环境民事损害领域逐渐地得到了承认。     

Trustworthiness: the Commentators

Mark Thompson deplores the decline in the public trust of government and of public service institutions such as the BBC. But there has also been a decline in another form of trust: government's trust in the ability of professionals such as doctors and teachers to deliver high quality public services. And, unlike Thompson's type of trust, this decline was inevitable, because it was based on untenable assumptions concerning professional motivation. The author discusses the importance of trust in an unwritten constitution, including trust in the use made of public resources, trust that appointments are being made on merit, trust that the civil service is ‘speaking truth unto power’ behind the scenes and ultimately trust that it retains the ability to serve future governments. In a world where trust in institutions is diminishing, there are still surprising levels of trust in the world of private philanthropy. The public are only too ready to give donations without seeking to question, especially in the wake of major disasters. Yet the nature of aid agencies has changed dramatically in the past thirty years into major global enterprises with sophisticated media and marketing operations. In this case a greater degree of scepticism from those who donate and paradoxically less trust might actually result in better outcomes from aid and better use of funding. Trust is critical to the mission of the FCO. The public needs to trust the competence and sound judgment of the professional diplomats. The diplomats themselves need to be able to rely on the commonsense of their fellow colleagues. Ministers and diplomats need to trust each other. And other governments need to have confidence in the discretion of their British counterparts. This is an increasing challenge in the world of instant news. Trust can be quickly lost by indiscreet or self‐serving revelations. But the key is to be as open and transparent as possible about the processes of diplomacy. A new survey commissioned by the British Journalism Review demonstrates that public confidence in journalism has collapsed over the last five years. This is particularly true for the commercial broadcasters ITV and Channel 4, whose journalism has traditionally commanded as much public esteem as the BBC. Trust in the BBC and print journalists has also declined, and journalism suffered more than any of the other 16 occupational groups being assessed. This is partly due to the cumulative effect of various “fakery” scandals that have afflicted broadcasters over the last 18 months and partly down to a more widespread cynicism directed at those in authority.     

论民事诉讼当事人之主体性

当事人的主体性是民事诉讼本质的要求,也是当事人诉讼权利和公正裁判的保证.我国民事诉讼当事人缺少主体性,导致当事人权利的虚化,并且影响判决的权威性.因此,在理论上要提高当事人的权利意识和诉讼主体意识,形成便利当事人接近司法的理念,重视合意在纠纷解决中的作用;在制度设置上,要科学设定起诉条件,构建以当事人为主导的审前程序,排除当事人接近司法的各种障碍.     

贪污贿赂犯罪案件诉讼程序的反思与重构

贪污贿赂犯罪作为权力型职务犯罪，越来越具有高智能性、高隐秘性的特点。现行刑诉法所规定的诉讼程序是在特定历史条件下仅为普通刑事犯罪所设计，并没有考虑到贪污贿赂犯罪案件的特殊性而赋予相应的特殊诉讼程序，已不能满足当前贪污贿赂犯罪侦查与审判工作的需要。规定贪污贿赂犯罪案件特殊诉讼程序，是检察机关职务犯罪侦查权合理配置与运行的重要内容。随着社会发展和科技进步，国家应权衡利弊得失，有必要对贪污贿赂犯罪案件的诉讼程序在立法上进行修改完善和在制度上进行科学构建。     

探析民事强制执行检察监督的方式

随着民事强制执行理论研究和实践的不断深入,民事强制执行的各种问题也日益增多,我国民事执行检察监督方式缺乏法律规制并在实践操作中实施得较为混乱就是一例。从民事执行监察监督方式的基本含义及其存在的意义出发,在分析确定民事执行检察监督方式的基本原则的基础上,提出我国应当把民事起诉、刑事起诉、抗诉和检察建议作为我国法定的民事执行检察监督方式。     

试论法官释明权

法官释明权是两大法系主要国家针对辩论主义的弊端而构建的制度。我国应在改革民事诉讼审判方式的同时,在满足司法权威性和实体公正性的目标下,构建法官释明权。另本文还探析了法官释明权在民事审前程序中的运作。     

内容违法的民事行为的效力研究——以契约为例

一般来说,内容违法的民事行为无效,但某些情况下其私法效法应当受到保护.内容违法的民事行为的理论按照研究进程可以分为强制性规定与任意性规定、原则与例外、取缔规定与效力规定、取缔规定四个阶段.     

论案例教学法及其在民法教学中的运用

案例教学法对民法教学具有如下几方面的促进作用:增强学生学习的主动性、提高学生理论联系实践的能力、提高学生的沟通能力和批判能力.在运用案例教学法进行民法教学的过程中,需要注意如下几个问题:正确引导案例教学的进行、处理好案例教学法与其他教学法之间的关系、精心选择适当的案例、摆正教师的位置.     

民爆公共安全概念之管见

民爆公共安全研究是一个全新的特色鲜明的课题,是我校为全面适应公安教育发展和山西公安工作需要而首创的。民爆公共安全是指非军事系统生产、流通、使用的具有爆炸性质的化工品涉及的不特定多数人的人身安全和重大公私财产安全,它是社会公共安全的重要组成部分。