我国行政程序立法几个热点问题聚焦——从足协打“假”事件引申开来

足协打"假"风波波及我国行政程序立法中有关行政认知、自由心证和比例原则等几个敏感问题.其内容深刻涉猎证据法、程序法的热点理论.它不仅在法学理论上带来了错综复杂的困惑,更为我国行政程序法的升级变革创造了契机.     

Normative Beliefs and Relational Aggression: An Investigation of the Cognitive Bases of Adolescent Aggressive Behavior

The relations between normative beliefs about different forms of aggression and corresponding aggressive behaviors were investigated in 2 studies of adolescents. In Study 1, we revised an instrument designed to assess normative beliefs about aggression to include beliefs about the acceptability of relational aggression, and we examined the psychometric properties of the instrument. In Studies 1 and 2, the unique associations of normative beliefs about relational and physical aggression with self-reported relational and physical aggression were examined. Findings across both studies revealed that beliefs-behavior associations were specific to aggression forms. In other words, beliefs about relational aggression were uniquely associated with engagement in relationally aggressive acts, whereas beliefs about physical aggression, but not relational aggression, contributed unique information about adolescents’ level of physical aggression. No gender effects were found. Results are discussed within a social-cognitive framework, and implications are explored for future prevention and intervention efforts to reduce aggressive behaviors.Assistant Professor in the Department of Human Development at Washington State University, Pullman, Washington. Dr Werner received her PhD from the University of Minnesota—Twin Cities Campus. Her research focuses on social-cognitive, peer, and family relationship correlates of relational and physical aggression.Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology at Penn State Erie, The Behrend College, Pennsylvania. Dr Nixon received her PhD at West Virginia University. Her primary research interests include prevention and intervention of relational aggression and program evaluation.     

逻辑研究的第二次转向

现代社会的发展扩展了推理方法,形成了非形式逻辑体系,成为现代管理人才必备的思维工具。认知科学、逻辑学、计算机科学的紧密结合成为第五代计算机发展的理论基础。以上逻辑研究发展的动向,表明了逻辑研究的第二次转向已经形成。     

制度视域中单位的性别选择机制

利用理性选择制度主义的视角,分析单位在人才招聘中选择行为的生成机制,可以得出招聘中男性偏好现象的形成是由于组织认知定型化和正式制度虚置化所致。组织认知定型化是由非正式制度即传统性别文化塑造而成的,而正式制度虚置化则归因于非正式制度和正式制度的不相容、正式制度的实施机制无效。如果要改变单位的选择行为,就要强化正式制度的实施机制。     

英语广告文体中的隐喻

文体的功能决定着隐喻的个性。广告隐喻不仅具有一般语言学上的认知意义，并且直接服务于广告交际目的，影响整个广告的效果。英语广告文体中的隐喻对于广告的作用还反映在它的类型分布特点与翻译体现的交际制约方面。应用文体的认知研究不仅要关注文体语言间的共性，更需关注文体的个性形成。     

论欧盟宪法危机认知之理论方法

如何看待所谓的欧盟宪法危机,在很大程度上是一种理论分析形态选择的问题。分析欧盟这一政治体系或者政治体的各种理论,其共同之处在于解释欧盟现象因何而生又如何发展的问题。欧盟宪政的发展过程实际上就是欧盟法律人格丰富与健全的过程。分析欧盟法律人格的构成因素以及各个因素之间的逻辑联系,既能解释欧盟宪政的历史演进,又能分析目前欧盟宪法危机的症结所在。欧盟法律人格构成因素的丰富与强健,既是欧盟宪政发展的动力之一,同时也给欧盟宪政发展带来了挑战,无论是保持欧盟发展的动力还是避免欧盟宪政发展所遇到的挑战,都依赖于欧盟法律人格构成的三个因素———规制性支柱、规范性支柱与认知性支柱———之间的平衡。     

Of guns and geese: a meta-analytic review of the ‘weapon focus’ literature

Abstract

Weapon focus is frequently cited as a factor in eyewitness testimony, and is broadly defined as a weapon-related decrease in performance on subsequent tests of memory for those elements of an event or visual scene concurrent to the weapon. This effect has been attributed to either (a) physiological or emotional arousal that narrows the attentional beam (arousal/threat hypothesis), or (b) the cognitive demands inherent in processing an unusual object (e.g. weapon) that is incongruent with the schema representing the visual scene (unusual item hypothesis). Meta-analytical techniques were applied to test these theories as well as to evaluate the prospect of weapon focus in real-world criminal investigations. Our findings indicated an effect of weapon presence overall (g= 0.53) that was significantly influenced by retention interval, exposure duration, and threat but unaffected by whether the event occurred in a laboratory, simulation, or real-world environment.     

公共安全与危机管理中的认识及行为简论——以群体性事件为视角

当前,随着经济社会的快速发展,我国已进入经济转轨、社会转型的关键时期,各种利益结构、权利结构、观念结构、就业结构不断进行重新调整,社会矛盾逐步凸现,突发群体性事件呈高发、多元态势。如何提高政府对事件的认识能力和处理能力,对于保障公共安全,促进社会和谐具有十分重要的现实意义。从群体性事件发生的深层社会原因出发,根本上解决这类事件的主要措施有:建设服务型政府,强化社会管理和公共服务职能;统筹协调各方面利益关系,妥善处理社会矛盾;完善应急管理体制机制,有效应对各种风险。     

论犯罪事实的性质

在刑事诉讼过程中,司法机关最终确认的犯罪事实是一种什么性质的事实,主要存在着客观真实说与法律真实说的竞争。客观真实说与法律真实说的对抗并非两种刑事诉讼证明标准之间的对抗,而是对刑事司法程序中确认的认识论犯罪事实的两种不同定性。法律真实说之所以更为恰当,是因为法律真实说尊重现实,可以为认识论犯罪事实的可谬性找到逻辑上的根据,有利于程序优先司法理念的确定,并且符合司法特质。     

重庆市“打黑除恶”公众认同调研报告

重庆市“打黑除恶”专项斗争格外受人关注。从调研所反映的数据来看,公众高度支持本次“打黑除恶”行动,关注重点主要是政府“打黑”的决心。民众希望“打黑除恶”行动能深入彻底并长期坚持,同时政府必须加强“打黑”工作的组织领导,发挥群众在“打黑”中的积极作用,加强舆论宣传和引导工作,坚持“打黑”与反腐同时进行的策略,强化依法“打黑”的观念。而在构建防止黑恶势力滋生蔓延的机制方面,政府应该创造更多的就业机会,缩小城乡差异,堵住黑社会性质组织犯罪成员的来源;规范市场秩序并加强对官员的监督和教育。