Comparison of Impact of Procedural Justice and Outcome on Victim Satisfaction: Evidence From Victims’ Experience With Registration of Property Crimes in India

Crime victim–police interface and registration of crime are the early and fundamental interactions in the criminal justice system. The process of lodging a complaint is marked by the pain of victimization, sharing of information, and expectation of quick remedial action from the police. The nature and quality of experience of the victim and outcomes impact the level of satisfaction with services of police. Through a survey of victims of property crimes, in different areas of a state in India, the author examines the impact of procedural justice and outcomes on victim satisfaction. The study illuminates the outcome oriented expectations of the victim, and the unique dynamics of victim–police interaction, which strains the legal ethical framework of the criminal justice system.     

The identity of ‘the other’ for sexual violence victims: is there anything new in sexual violence prosecutions before the International Criminal Court?

Despite the spectacular development in the field of international criminal law, critical feminism stresses the narrow scope of the sex and gender crimes in the Rome Statute establishing the first permanent International Criminal Court. The current international criminal law discourse, as expressed by recent case law, is geared towards the protection of certain groups targeted on account of their distinctiveness within the framework of a conflict situation, and gender is not recognized as one of these group identities. The question whether international criminal law on sexual violence applies only to inter-group conflicts brings to the fore an uneasy likelihood of exclusion of some recently emergent situations where identities of the conflicting parties transcend a particular ethnicity or nationality, and where victims of sexual violence belong to the same group as their perpetrators. The article argues that, rather than the Rome Statute or newly introduced rules and regulations, a significant obstacle in developing gender justice is the narrow interpretation of sexual violence to inter-group hostilities.     

Stalking on the College Campus: The Influence of Suitable Target and Guardianship Variables on Victimization Comparing Male and Female Students

Current estimates predict that more than 5% of men and 8% women will be stalked at some point in their lifetime, and up to 6% of both men and women will be stalked during their time at college. While variables related to sexual assault have been extensively examined, factors that contribute to stalking and influences specific to university students remain a point of concern for administration and those attending the institution. Using a proportioned stratified sampling technique, this study obtained cross-sectional survey data collected from 873 students at a university in the upper Midwest. Utilizing a routine activity theory theoretical perspective, hierarchical and binary logistic regression are employed to investigate the prevalence of stalking, as well as the influence of individual and campus guardianship variables on the stalking victimization of college students, and an experiential comparison of female and male students. Findings reveal that among the total female student sample, 43% had been stalked at some point in their lifetime, with 13% stalked during their time at the university. Of the male students, 34% had been stalked, with 18% stalked while at the university. Sexual history, year in school, and perceived vulnerability were positive predictors of stalking.     

Competing loyalties in electoral reform: An analysis of the U.S. electoral college

A central tenet in the electoral systems subfield is that parties, when in power and motivated by partisan interest, seek desired outcomes via the strategic adoption of electoral rules. Such a focus, however, omits a key point: electoral rules also distribute power among geographic units. If, within a party, the partisan and geographic interests of some members conflict, then the canonical relationship between partisanship and rule choice may be conditional. The U.S. electoral college provides an opportunity to test for such intra-party variation, because it advantages some states over others and thus makes salient geographic allegiances. Using an original dataset on one reform proposal—the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact (NPVIC)—I find evidence of competing loyalties. Although NPVIC advances furthest when Democrats control state lawmaking, a state's status as a swing—but not as an overrepresented—state weakens the relationship to the point where even Democrats are unlikely to aid NPVIC.     

略析国际海上犯罪刑法适用

国际海上犯罪国际刑法适用模式有两种 ,一般采用间接适用模式。国际海上犯罪中国刑法适用一般规则 ,首先是确定国际海上犯罪刑事管辖权和剖析国际海上犯罪行为特征 ,然后比照中国刑法有关条款规定的犯罪行为特征 ,离解国际海上犯罪整体行为和整合国际海上犯罪具体行为 ,依照中国刑法确定其行为性质 ,如是就可以准确认定其中国刑法规范的罪名。     

不完全信息下大学生就业困境与就业知情权保障

信息的充分传递是市场资源高效配置的前提。就业市场上大学生就业信息的不完全,影响了大学生理性的进行学科选择和职业规划,导致高等教育人才供需双方不能有效衔接。知情权保障是解决主体信息不完全问题的唯一路径。我国应在立法上明确大学生就业知情权的内容,并通过政府的市场就业信息收集供给、高校就业信息服务、用人单位就业信息告知等,落实大学生就业的知情权。     

略论反恐多边条约的国内实施

国际恐怖(主义)犯罪是目前日炽的一种国际犯罪,国际社会非常重视对恐怖(主义)犯罪的惩治、预防和打击,缔结了一系列反恐多边条约。反恐多边条约的实施主要是缔约国的实施(即国内层面上的实施),可以分为直接实施和间接实施两种模式。反恐多边条约的国内实施于惩治和预防国际恐怖主义犯罪发挥了重要作用。反恐多边条约在我国得到了很好的实施,但在实施过程中仍存在某些弊端或不足,亟须完善,关键是要尽快制定一部专门的反恐特别法。     

当代中国环境犯罪刑法立法及其完善研究

从1979年第一部《刑法》出台到1997年新《刑法》修订,再到2011年《刑法修正案(八)》)颁布,中国环境犯罪刑法立法不断补充修正,形成了中国环境刑法的基本规范与格局。目前,中国环境犯罪刑法立法在立法体例、罪名体系和刑罚处罚等方面都存在一些不足,亟待立法的进一步完善。首先,要确立科学的环境犯罪刑法立法体例,将刑法典分则第六章第六节规定的环境犯罪罪名从该章中独立出来,单独成立一章,并将分散在刑法典各章节中有关环境犯罪的规定纳入其中;其次,中国环境犯罪急需增设以下5个罪名,以完善环境犯罪的罪名体系,即破坏草原罪、破坏湿地罪、虐待动物罪、破坏自然保护区罪和抗拒环保行政监督管理罪;再次,应完善环境犯罪罪名的构成要件要素,扩张环境犯罪对象的范围、扩展危害行为的类型。最后,应完善环境犯罪的刑罚适用原则和刑罚适用种类。     

论中国传统文化与大学生思想政治教育

优秀传统文化对大学生思想政治教育有积极影响：有利于提升大学生的思想道德境界,激发大学生的爱国主义情感。增强大学生的民族、自尊心和自信心,提高大学生的人文素质等。中国传统文化中消极、腐朽的思想观念对当代大学生的民主法制观念、权利意识、竞争意识及心理健康等都会产生不同程度的负面影响。对此,应发挥大众传媒作用,弘扬优秀传统文化;建构校园思想政治教育网站,弘扬优秀传统文化;弘扬优秀传统文化与时代精神结合起来;弘扬优秀传统文化与社会主义先进文化结合起来。     

论职务犯罪线索来源渠道的拓展——以几种侦查措施的利用为视角

职务犯罪线索发现难,是困扰职务犯罪侦查工作的一大难题。相比而言,公安机关在线索发现上则有一套行之有效的措施,笔者结合职务犯罪侦查工作实际,有的放矢的选取技术侦查、秘密搜查、控制阵地与控制赃物三项公安工作中常用的、前沿的侦查措施,试图破解职务犯罪线索来源的难题。