益气养阴活血中药改善2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗研究

目的:探讨益气养阴活血中药改善气阴两虚血瘀型2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗的机制.方法:将70例2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各35例.基础治疗均为口服格列吡嗪或达美康,治疗组在此基础上加用益气养阴活血中药.3个月为1个疗程.观察两组患者治疗前后空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose, FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(postprandial 2 hours blood glucose, P2BG)、空腹血胰岛素(fasting insulin, FINS)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, GHbA1c)、血脂、凝血功能等指标的变化,并计算稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗(homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance,Homa-IR)指数.结果:两组患者治疗3个月后,FBG、P2BG、FINS、GHbAlc、Homa-IR及血脂、凝血指标均显著改善(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),治疗组改善程度显著优于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).治疗组降糖疗效和中医证候疗效显著优于对照组(P＜0.01).结论:益气养阴活血中药在防治和改善2型糖尿病患者的胰岛素抵抗及血脂紊乱、血液高凝状态方面具有一定的疗效.     

伤害外国人的国家责任有关问题研究

一国的国民在他国受到损害,需要向东道国寻求损害赔偿,首先要解决东道国的国家责任问题。国家行为对外国人造成损害与私人行为对外国人造成损害,其行为的可归责性是不同的。要判断东道国对外国人的行为是否违反其国际法上的义务,不能单纯依据东道国国内法的规定,还应该从国际法的层面来考察。在私人行为造成损害的情况下,只要东道国没有"运用相当注意",它就要承担损害赔偿责任,但这种责任是有限的。一国的国民在外国遭到损害时,个人(包括法人)利益与国家利益之间的密切关系是国家代为提出外交求偿的基础。     

两岸政治关系初探:政府继承的视角

从国际法上讲,两岸政治关系的本质是政府继承关系.但两岸政治关系的特殊性在于这一政府继承尚未完成,但又不是中华人民共和国与"中华民国"分别继承了大陆部分和台湾部分.实际上政府继承可以进一步区分为权利能力的继承和行为能力的继承.1949年后,中华人民共和国完成了权利能力层面的政府继承,而尚未完成行为能力层面的政府继承.因此,两岸政治关系实际上包含了三个层面的内容:国家层面、政府权利能力层面、政府行为能力层面.     

The Early Cold War and American Political Development: Reflections on Recent Research

This paper is a review essay of three books representing new research into the relationship between Cold War mobilization and postwar American political development: Michael Hogan, A Cross of Iron: Harry S. Truman and the Origins of the National Security State, 1945–1954 (Cambridge University Press, 1998); Guy Oakes, The Imaginary War: Civil Defense and American Cold War Culture (Oxford University Press, 1994); and Peter Trubowitz, Defining the National Interest: Conflict and Change in American Foreign Policy (University of Chicago Press, 1998).     

The Constitutional State in the Political Philosophy of Johannes Althusius

The central questions of this article are: a) Based on what arguments defended Johannes Althusius the distinction between the private and public life sphere? b) What kind of relationships exist between the state on the one hand, and private and other public associations on the other hand? c) Based on what arguments may the government restrict actions of citizens and private associations? Answering these questions leads to the conclusion that Althusius should be mentioned as one of the founding fathers of the liberal constitutional state.     

The Distribution of Household Property Crimes

Previous studies have established that repeat victimizations occur more frequently than would be expected if households within a particular area were victimized randomly. This implies that characteristics of the household affect the victimization rate. Even controlling for these characteristics, we find that a Poisson model does not capture the distribution of victimizations because repeat victimizations are more concentrated than it would indicate. This leads us to adopt the negative binomial generalization of the Poisson model. Our analysis uses sociodemographic attributes of the household and community-level characteristics to predict victimizations, with the victimization data being the observed number of property crime victimizations from the 1992 British Crime Survey. The negative binomial generalization is found to be highly statistically significant and the crime concentration it implies becomes much more marked as the predicted number of victimizations increases.     

基于服务国家战略行动的民办高校办学特色实践研究——以广西东方外语职业学院为例

我国历来非常重视高等学校的办学特色。办学特色是一所高校赖以生存和发展的生命线,而对于民办高校更是如此,决定着它的生命力和竞争力。广西东方外语职业学院在6年的办学实践中,积极融入国家西部大开发战略、广西北部湾经济区开放开发和中国—东盟自由贸易区建设中去,主动服务国家发展战略,初步形成了＂坐‘北’朝‘东’,‘双轨’育人,把‘小’做大,把‘外’做强,‘复合’出品＂的办学特色。     

论中国农地产权制度市场化改革的思想障碍

我国现行的农地产权制度安排是城乡两大利益集团博弈的直接结果.由于农民政治权力弱小又缺乏土地权益的法律保障,以任何借口阻挠农地产权市场化改革,都是为了维护城市既得利益集团的需要.目前,除了政府不肯轻易放弃廉价占用农民土地的经济利益之外,这一制度安排还得到了理论界一些权威人士的舆论支持.这些理论观点主要包括:应消灭一切土地私有制,土地集中兼并将导致农民两极分化、不利于兼顾土地的公平与效率、确保农民的基本生活保障与国家粮食安全,农地私有化将提高国家基础设施建设成本等等.因此,澄清理论界对于下一步深化农地产权制度市场化改革理论上的认识误区,具有重大的理论与实践意义.     

贯彻司法为民 彰显人文关怀——关于刑事被害人救助制度若干问题研究

现代刑事被害人国家救助制度源于英国，是体现司法人文关怀的一项重要措施。在我国，现代意义上的刑事被害人救助制度肇始2004年，2009正式建立。随着实践的发展，司法实务部门和理论界对刑事被害人救助制度的研究也不断深入，取得了不少可喜的成果，对一些重大问题的认识也渐趋统一，但对我国刑事被害人救助制度究竟应当如何定位，也就是说我国刑事被害人救助制度的法律属性是什么，还需要进一步明确。作为一项新生事物，我国经济、社会发展的实际情况决定了刑事被害人救助制度在我国的发展必然是一个渐进的过程，短期内不可能期望该制度全面解决刑事被害人所面临的各种困难，因此必须要将刑事被害人救助制度与现行的其他制度结合起来，形成一整套刑事被害人保障机制。     

State Government,Political Competition and Education Reform: Comparative Lessons from Brazil

The article explores the connection between democratisation, decentralisation and sub‐national policy making. It seeks to explain variation in the policy choices that were made by Brazilian state governments in the definition of school governance structures following the return to democracy. Whereas some state governments decided to institute the election of school principals by parents, students and teachers, others decided on the maintenance of opaque and discretionary practices that secured the distribution of school posts according to political criteria. The research relies on primary comparative evidence from three states: Bahia, Ceará and Minas Gerais. The argument is that the institutional choices made by state governments depended on the structure of political competition and on the extent and intensity of elite divisions at the state level.