防止政府脱离人民民主专政的国家本质--马克思主义国家学说的重要启示

代表最广大人民群众的根本利益,充分体现人民民主专政的国家本质,是当前我国政府体制改革的重大问题。确立人民群众在社会公共管理中的主体地位,促进政府与人民群众在公共领域的合作,是有效防止政府脱离人民民主专政国家本质的根本途径。马克思主义国家学说所揭示的这一基本原理,为防止政府脱离人民民主专政的国家本质提供了锐利武器。     

我国西部地区人力资源现状实考

本文从西部地区人口增长速度较快导致人口占全国比重不断增大、教育事业发展缓慢影响人口素质的提高、人力资源结构矛盾加剧了人力资源开发与利用的低效率以及城镇化发展速度低下阻碍农业剩余劳动力转移等方面,对西部地区的人力资源现状进行了分析,以期对人力资源开发有所裨益。     

Repeat victimization among adolescents and young adults

Prior research has shown that victimization incidents are disproportionately concentrated among relatively few victims and that prior victimization is a consistent predictor of future risk. This paper expands existing knowledge on victimization by describing temporal patterns of risk and by developing and testing alternative explanatory models of the link between past and future risk. Analyses based on panel data from the National Youth Survey support both state dependence and heterogeneity interpretations of the correlation in risk over time. In other words, prior victimization predicts future risk in part because it alters something about the individual, and because it indicates an unmeasured propensity for victimization that persists over time. The theoretical implications of these findings, including the feasibility of a victim labeling perspective, are discussed.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Phoenix, 1993.An exception to this lack of attention is the vast literature in the area of domestic abuse.     

Liberalism and capabilities: Theories of justice and the neutral state

Modern liberal theories share the idea that the state and its laws should remain neutral with respect to the varying conceptions of the good life held by individuals. This article discusses the way in which this notion of neutrality is defined and justified. Rawls's theory of justice is shown to be a prime example of such a theory. Questions are raised, however, if Rawls's theory has adequately formulated the conditions that would make it possible for each citizen to fulfill his own conception of the good. After arguing that Dworkin's solution to this problem is also problematic, it is argued that Sen's solution to the question of what conditions create neutrality shows the way ahead.     

国有企业经营者的价值分析和补偿

在国有企业经营者的价值构成中经营决策成本所占比例最大,也最能体现经营者特殊的价值构成,这也是区别于一般劳动者的主要方面。经营者创造价值的主要因素是个人的创新才能、承担风险能力、管理经验和努力程度等等。市场经济条件下,应当充分肯定国有企业经营者的价值,并从制度上保证经营者价值的实现,只有这样才能保障国有企业持续发展。     

解读"紧急状态"入宪

"紧急状态"写入宪法,顺应了历史潮流,为国家正确应对社会危机事件,快速、强有力地采取措施,提供了宪法依据.从价值层面上看,"紧急状态"入宪是构建和谐社会的重要保障,是在紧急状态时期维护社会稳定,促使政府依法行政的法宝;从理论层面上看,"紧急状态"入宪是我国抗击非典后的经验总结,也是适应了国际上的通行做法;从实践层面上看,"紧急状态"入宪还只是应对公共危机的第一步,真正贯彻宪法中的紧急状态条款,还要完善相关法律,构建相应的执行机制和监督机制.     

台湾的现代性“怨恨修辞”

结合中国古典"诗怨"传统,并运用尼采、舍勒等人的现代性怨恨理论对台湾的现代性叙事进行意识形态分析,指出由于割台、日据、二·二八事件等历史原因造成台湾政治大众在祖国认同上的某种怨恨心态.从"伟大叙事"的角度,对于国民党意识形态在台湾的失败与"本土政治"的兴起作了历史的剖析.     

自主与不自足经济社会情境中的经济法定位:“社会性”的解读

经济法被界定为“社会法”,对于“社会性”的解读构成理性认知经济法内在规定性、明智设计经济法制度、进而合理型塑经济社会生活的纽结。由于“社会性”实现机制的构设实为个体、社会和国家间制衡格局的构建,自由主义和福利国家论两大理论范式对经济法产生了共识和分歧。在上述两种理论范式的智识洞见和理论缺陷的基础上,商谈论范式的相关立场和主张将有助于对经济法“社会性”定位的理论重解和制度重构。     

论国家赔偿之精神损害赔偿

《国家赔偿法》开辟了国家救济的新途径,对国家行政机关违法行使权力设置了有效制约机制。本文对审判实践中涉及《国家赔偿法》的问题进行了探讨,并着重阐述了建立国家侵权精神损害赔偿制度的必要性、可行性,以及建立国家侵权精神损害赔偿制度的原则、范围及确认依据。     

Constructions of migrant rights in Canada: is subnational citizenship possible?

Devolutionary trends in immigration and social welfare policy have enabled different levels of government to define membership and confer rights to people residing within the political boundary of a province or municipality in ways that may contradict federal legal status. Drawing upon theories of postnational and deterritorialized citizenship, we examined the legal construction of social rights within federal, provincial, and municipal law in Toronto, Ontario. The study of these different policy arenas focuses on rights related to education, access to safety and police protection, and income assistance. Our analysis suggests that the interplay of intra-governmental laws produces an uneven terrain of social rights for people with precarious status. We argue that while provincial and municipal governments may rhetorically seek to advance the social rights of all people living within their territorial boundaries, program and funding guidelines ensure that national practices of market citizenship and the policing of non-citizen subjects are reproduced at local levels.