Changing South Korean Water Policy after Political and Economic Liberalisation

This study explores the way in which South Korean water policy has been dynamically (re-)constructed by continuing political contestations among diverse social forces acting in and through the state in the face of political and economic liberalisation. The path-dependency of the state-driven water resource policy under the former authoritarian regime did not disappear even after the democratisation. It was difficult to transform the old authoritarian and hierarchical water governance to the newly democratic and environmentally friendly one because the Ministry of Construction, as a main actor in driving water policy under the authoritarian regimes, did not give up its interest in a dam-based policy orientation, although it did partially accept institutional tools for democratic policy making, such as public hearings and the participation of civil society in the process of establishing the water policy plan. It also showed democratic and environment-friendly gestures using the rhetoric of environmentalism and localisation. Overall, this article emphasises the importance of the path-dependency of the past authoritarian regimes under democratised society to better understand the current democratic regime’s policy orientation.     

Demystifying the Park Chung-Hee Myth: Land Reform in the Evolution of Korea’s Developmental State

The developmental state literature emphasises the importance of state autonomy and capacity, with a particular focus on a Weberian type of meritocratic bureaucracy. Existing studies of South Korea’s economic development generally credit Park Chung-hee for establishing such a state. This article questions this assessment with careful process tracing of the development of a meritocratic bureaucracy in the country. The findings suggest that the contrast between the predatory Rhee regime (1948–1960) and the developmental Park regime (1961–1979) has been exaggerated. Meritocracy in South Korea’s bureaucratic recruitment and promotion systems developed gradually over several decades, including during Rhee’s regime as well as the short democratic episode (1960–1961). What then explains the evolution of a developmental state in Korea? This article suggests that land reform contributed to not only creating social structural conditions favourable to state autonomy but also promoting the development of a meritocratic bureaucracy by propelling rapid expansion of education and by mitigating the extent of political clientelism.     

葛兰西对克罗齐国家理论的批判与超越

葛兰西的“完整国家”理论实现了对克罗齐“伦理国家”理论的批判与超越。实践哲学强调政治实践，超越了处于思辨层面的伦理政治史观；“完整国家”将市民社会和政治社会相结合，突出个人的作用，超越了“伦理国家”忽视人的活动和把国家完全机构化的缺陷；“阵地战”将组织系统、工业系统纳入整个战争，实现政治、经济和军事的一体化，超越了“消极革命”的不现实性。葛兰西和克罗齐关于建立文化国家的构想，实现了国家理论研究的意识形态转向，对西方马克思主义的发展产生了重要影响。     

关于国有控股公司的几个问题

国有控股公司是政府作为国有资产所有代表行使其出资权利的中间层次。本对国有控股公司概念、分类、成因及组建方式进行了探讨,并提出了发展和完善国有控股公司所应注意的几个问题。     

论加强党的执政能力建设的几个维度

一个政党要维持和增强人民的认同,巩固自身执掌政权的地位,就必须不断地提高执政能力。中国共产党作为居于领导地位的执政党,必须将党的执政能力建设作为主线贯穿于伟大工程与伟大事业二者之中。文章立足于政治生态学的基本原理,依据政治体制改革渐次展开的逻辑,把中国共产党置身于国家、社会、党自身三大政治系统之中,着力研究党的执政能力建设在这些领域中所面临的挑战及其解决思路。     

十四大以来中共中央关于国家安全的论述与决定

1992年以来,在党的十四大到党的十七大报告中,中共中央对国家安全的认识不断拓展和深化,从国际扩展到国内,从传统安全领域扩展到了非传统安全领域.在倡导以"互信、互利、平等、协作"为核心的"国际安全观"的同时,越来越重视"公平、正义、法治、民主"为核心内容的"国内安全观",并决定"针对传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁的因素相互交织的新情况,增强国家安全意识,完善国家安全战略","抓紧构建"和"健全""维护国家安全的科学、协调、高效的工作机制",从而形成了一种统领国际与国内两个大局、兼顾传统与非传统两个方面的全面系统的新安全观.     

The Rudd Government's Employment Services Agenda: Is it Post‐NPM and Why is that Important?

Perhaps the most potent symbol of the Howard government's faith in New Public Management (NPM) was the Job Network. Interrogating the Rudd government's replacement package, this article assesses whether the recent restructuring of employment services constitutes a post‐NPM environment. It is argued that there are major post‐NPM elements, seen most clearly in: the softening of jobseeker sanctions; greater deliberation on policy direction and results; a more inclusive employment super‐ministry and reliance on other ‘horizontal’ governance reforms; and enhanced government resources for multiple‐disadvantage clients. However, categorising these changes as post‐NPM is problematic because the steering mechanism remains the market‐based contract, a central NPM characteristic. Theoretical difficulties in applying paradigmatic concepts to services provide additional barriers to conclusive assessments, though the Rudd government's employment services regime provides a basis for taking stock in the post‐NPM debate.     

Towards state activism： Long live public administration

The last two decades of human civilization has witnessed fast changing in polity, society, economy and almost every sphere of state activities. The era of new economic order and revolution in the information technology sector has compelled the public administration to adopt the new paradigms. However, the new concepts such as NPM, public choice approach and state minimalism are being questioned in the framework of welfare state and emerging needs of the regulatory administration. It has been realized by almost all the modern and democratic nations that the state and its instrumental part （public administration） are not the evils; rather they are inevitable institutions for mankind. Terrorism, cyber crimes, disaster management, economic meltdown, sustainable development, capacity building, international relations, development of heavy and basic infrastructure and protection of human rights etc. are the prime and exclusive functions of the public administration. The 9/11 attack on US and 11/26 attack on India, plus the recent recession with the global warming worries have proved that we have to move towards state activism.     

论依法执政的制度保障

《中国共产党党内监督条例(试行)》和《中国共产党纪律处分条例》作为威严的法棒、无形的法网,互补互动,为纯洁党的组织、促进依法执政提供了重要的制度保障。两个《条例》的有效实施,对于加强党的建设,保持共产党员的纯洁性与先进性具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。     

俄罗斯工会改革的历史与现实：基于社会统合主义的分析

俄罗斯工会在苏联解体之后经历了由计划经济到市场经济的转变,最终形成了社会统合主义的 模式。本研究在梳理俄罗斯工会改革历史的基础上,根据统合主义理论分析了俄罗斯工会在与政府的关系、对 工人利益的代表性和自身行动能力 3 个方面的现实情况。研究认为,俄罗斯工会在改革初期复杂、动荡的政治 经济背景下所追求的自由主义模式受历史因素影响并不成功。改革的转机出现在统一俄罗斯党成立之后,俄罗 斯工会与政府关系迅速改善,并在执政党的同情和支持下提升了自身对工人利益的代表性和行动能力,特别是 运用法律武器的能力。但俄罗斯工会也面临着新就业形式和移民劳工增长的挑战,还需要进一步的改革以适应 劳动力市场的复杂变化。