民间法话语在中国的命运与知识引进运动

民间法话语在中国的命运与西方知识引进运动是紧密地勾连在一起的。虽然“圜道”秩序生成模式和政治主导型秩序生成模式构成原理不同,但都不存在国家法与民间法对立问题,民间法话语被构建、衰落和兴趣都与西方知识／理论在中国、中国开展的民族国家构建和现代化建设紧密地联系在一起。对民间法话语在中国命运的研究,反映出来的是中国现代化建设、社会变迁与话语力量的发展的内在逻辑和规律。     

宪法学视野下的海洋战略

海洋战略的根本性、重要性及长期性等特征决定了它属于一项基本国策。海洋战略涉及宪法调整的国家主权,凸显出国家统一和主权完整的宪法价值;涉及宪法对国家的整体调整,彰显出宪法的制度安排价值,并折射出宪法保护国防与经济安全的价值诉求。“海洋入宪”有其必要性,解决海岛海洋争端和提升我国海洋执法的正当性均需宪法提供明确的依据;十八大报告为海洋入宪创造了契机,我国的海洋主权神圣不可侵犯,修宪时可在宪法中增设涉海条款,明文规定海洋属于我国的疆域。     

Regime Shift in Japan?Two Decades of Neoliberal Reforms

This paper uses insights drawn from a paired comparison of Switzerland and Japan to give an account of the changes brought about by neoliberal policy adaptation in Japan over the last two decades. In Switzerland, notwithstanding further liberalization of the traditionally liberal regime prompted by the economic hardships of the 1990s, the referendum system helped the Social Democrats and unions to defend their rights and maintain the welfare schemes belatedly established in the 1980s. By contrast, the Japanese ruling party not only delayed liberalization of the protectionist state, but also aggravated fiscal problems by implementing a series of expansionary macroeconomic policies in the 1990s. Thus, without pursuing coherently such neoliberal policies as fiscal consolidation, privatization, or market deregulation, the Japanese state now faces a serious dilemma between the immediate need for structural reforms and the social unease that would result. Focusing on the reform packages of the Nakasone (1982‐87), Hashimoto (1996‐98), and Koizumi (2001‐) administrations, the paper reviews the sequences of reform policies as an interplay among economic challenges, actors’ aspirations, and institutional constraints, and further develops arguments about the segmented structure, peculiar to the Japanese state, that retards political changes.     

Understanding Turkish secularism in the 21th century: a contextual roadmap

ABSTRACT

This paper asserts that Turkish secularism and Islamism represent two faces of one coin – contemporary Turkish politics – when one considers their goals and strategies. The two ideological movements have shaped one another and each now seeks to impose itself as superior. This article unpacks these differences and similarities in the following steps: (a) it defines the socio-historic modes of Turkish secularism and (b) examines its social and political origins; (c) it then explores Islam’s return to the public domain as an oppositional Turkish identity; (d) and thereafter considers the diverse understandings of secularism resulting from neoliberal policies that relaxed state control over Islam, which then prompted socially-acceptable reinterpretations of Islam; and finally (e) describes how the AKP’s has re-imagined secularism while (mis)using Islam as a political instrument. The comparison highlights such commonalties as a collectivist character, a desire for state control as a vehicle to realize an ideology, intolerance of diversity and criminalization of other perspectives, and the differentiation of religion as morality in the private sphere versus its cultural role in the public sphere. It concludes that, under the AKP government, Islam is used as a tool to consolidate the power of Erdo?an’s kleptocratic regime.     

The factory and the welfare state: redundancy,benefits and workers’ organization at Alfa Romeo Arese, 1963-1986

ABSTRACT

The article tracks the relationship between the Italian welfare state and the social relations of production at a Fordist factory, showing how social policy influenced the pattern of workers’ contention on the industrial shop floor. Welfare state analysis has concentrated on the institutional aspect of social policy but neglected the role that state benefits played in industrial organization and workplace relations. The article ‘nests’ the analysis of social policy in a micro-history of the factory, using the case study of Arese – a plant owned by the carmaker Alfa Romeo – Milan, Italy. Tracking the history of Arese, the article shows how the Italian system of short-time work subsidies, the Cassa Integrazione Guadagni (CIG), served to quell industrial unrest and target unions’ organizational resources. From the late 1960s, the CIG was used by managers to suspend workers during strikes and acted as a deterrent against their mobilization. As redundancies increased during the 1980s, workers were put on short-time for prolonged periods and prevented from entering the factory. This degraded their professional identity and eroded their political ties with the workplace, curtailing the basis of unions’ organizational strength within the factory.     

普遍义务论纲

普遍义务的出现以"二战"后人权国际化和普遍化为背景,是绝对的义务,在国际义务中居于较高层次。普遍义务多为禁止性的义务,以人类社会基本价值和国际社会共同利益作为其承担义务的法理基础。普遍义务反映了国际法价值论的变化。普遍义务应促使我们对国际法体系结构和国际法效力的根据再审视,并重塑国际法中自然法的应有地位,同时也应防止对普遍义务的滥用。     

中国模式与弹性国家能力

中国模式的实质是中国在全球化背景下实现社会主义现代化的发展战略。中国模式的提出无论是对世界多元现代化模式的建构,还是对本国发展模式的自觉都有着重要的价值。中国模式最突出的特征是现代化压力下的弹性国家能力,主要表现为中性政府、渐进改革、有选择的市场经济和国家的相对自主性。     

对警察权的法律调整着力点新思考

警察权的运行,是通过警察执法的权利化和公权化,以实现警察权的要素化和运行化的过程,与此伴随的还有警察权的权力异化过程。法律应当以警察权的权利与权力化、公权化、运行化、要素化和异化为着力点,对警察权进行规制与调整。     

关键发展时期应有的关键精神状态--学习党的十六届五中全会精神

在全面建设小康社会的关键时期,我们必须树立关键的精神状态,这就是:高度的历史责任感,强烈的忧患意识,宽广的世界眼光。高度的历史责任感,就是要以高度自觉的态度落实科学发展观;强烈的忧患意识,就是要以高度清醒的认识应对前进道路的困难与问题;宽广的世界眼光,就是要以高度坚定的信心进一步融入世界文明潮流。     

行政公产的理论问题探析

在我国，行政公产仍然是一个学术意义上的概念，但行政公产作为行政的物的手段的意义正日益显现。文章在对大陆法系国家公产制度比较分析的基础上，指出：行政公产的理论内涵应当是指行政主体基于直接公共使用的目的而所有或管理的财产。行政公产的融通、公用征收等都严格受到一定目的和条件的限制。