Tradable Permits for Common‐Pool Resources: An Assessment

Scholars often attribute deterioration in common‐pool resources (CPRs) to ill‐defined property rights and suggest privatization and tradable permit markets as a solution to the commons problem. CPRs are heterogeneous, differing in physical characteristics and use patterns. Regulating their use requires tailored policy solutions that cohere with these characteristics. This paper examines factors that contribute to a well‐performing tradable permit market. While the literature offers rich empirical analyses of individual tradable permit markets, it has not provided an analytical framework enabling comparative analysis of these markets. This paper develops and employs an analytical framework for comparing across markets. The comparative analysis of market performance suggests that markets are not successful in all environmental problems and all demand situations. Further, it shows that even some markets frequently cited as exemplary successes have been that for nonmarket‐related reasons. On the other hand, this comparative analysis identifies sources of success for markets that partial analytical frameworks would have predicted to fail.     

Globalization and legal change: The “Americanization” of European law?

Intensified global economic competition, economic liberalization, and the rise of EU governance have led some observers to argue that there has been a trend toward the “Americanization” of the European “way of law.” This article addresses that contention, focusing on legal change in European member states. It first describes ways in which the American legal tradition has differed most sharply from the national legal systems of Western Europe (including Great Britain) and the political and economic factors that account for this “American legal distinctiveness.” Similar political and economic factors currently are at work in Europe, the article acknowledges, creating incentives for legal convergence. But it also argues that European legal culture and the political organization of European national states generate path‐dependent forces that impede European movement toward American ways of law, and it discusses six important differences between European and American law that remain entrenched and are unlikely to disappear.     

工会职能与工会满意度:基于浙江省2311名员工的实证研究

通过2311名员工问卷调查，结果表明：工会职能包括六维结构；六维职能的履行程度（预期均值、现实均值）和实现率各不相同，且随着工会满意度的变化而变化；工会职能与工会满意度存在紧密联系，工会职能现实履行程度的影响程度远大于企业规模和总产值，其中劳资调节、素质提升和参与决策尤为显著。     

"六山六水"民族调查与贵州瑶学学科建设

贵州瑶学研究;始于"二战"末期,20世纪80年代初,在全省的六山六水调查中,瑶族占据了很重要的位置,为瑶族学科建设奠定了坚实基础.在深入调查基础上,瑶山现象引起了贵州省党政领导及社会各界的热切关注、开展了声势浩大的"两山"(麻山、瑶山)扶贫攻坚.     

我国产业结构调整与人口迁移研究--配弟-克拉克定律的实证分析

按照配第—克拉克定律,我国产业结构的变动已引起了人口分布的大规模迁移,出现了从第一产业"溢出"剩余人口的潮流。没有这样的人口"溢出"或者说人口分布的变动,我国的产业无从发展,结构也难以调整。顺应产业结构调整和人口迁移发展趋势,借鉴世界各国的经验,通过有力的政策引导,改革开放的成果才能得到巩固。     

20世纪中国土司制度研究的理论与方法

20世纪 ,在对中国土司制度研究的理论与方法上 ,可分为两个时期 ,2 0世纪前 4 0多年为初创时期 ,后 5 0余年为发展时期。但所谓的发展 ,只不过是研究形式的发展 ,其基本方法仍沿袭了传统的实证法 ,在分析研究方面做得还不够。应将土司制度作为“民族政策”来研究 ;研究方法做到实证法与理论分析法相结合 ,召开针对具体问题的研讨会 ;做好资料的汇集整理 ;成立“中国历代民族政策研究学会”。只有这样才能把中国土司制度的研究引向深入。     

图书馆与现代社会终身教育

要“构筑终身教育体系 ,创建学习型社会” ,这是一个富有时代精神的战略要求。图书馆与终身教育 ,从时间角度看 ,与人的生命共始终 ,是人们的终身学校 ;从空间上讲 ,与人生活的所有方面都有联系 ,人们可以为自身发展自由地汲取各方面营养 ;从与时俱进发展的观点来看 ,图书馆为实施终身教育提供了知识创新的源泉。     

马克思主义学风建设与实践“三个代表

是否发扬马克思主义学风关系到党的事业兴衰成败。要真正实践“三个代表”,必须继续发扬马克思主义学风。     

关于制定我国《艾滋病防治条例》若干问题研究

近年来我国日益严峻的艾滋病形势要求必须尽快制定艾滋病防治条例。条例内容主要应包括立法目的、范围、防治方针与主管部门、预防与控制、检测与监测、治疗与救助、权利与义务、法律责任等。在制定条例时，应注意突出宣传教育、行为干预、自愿咨询检测、职业暴露等内容，以体现时代特点。     

民法本位研究新构想

有必要对民法本位、价值、原则等,从经济、社会、政治、文化、人性、理论、实定法等层面作一系统研究,打通它们之间的关系,建立起较为完备的民法元理论或民法哲学的体系基础.对民法本位及价值和原则进行各别的和联系的多层面研究,于民法原理的丰富和发展有着重要的理论意义.从立法实践上看,编制民法典,当先定好民法的本位及由其决定的价值取向和基本原则,以之为前提,来架构民法典的体系,定出具体规范.于适法和守法实践来看,了解民法本位及其与民法价值和原则的多层面密切关系,把握民法的宗旨和精神,更能准确执法,自觉地透过民法精神规约民事行为.历时与共时、理论与实践多元综合分析研究民法本位及相关问题.质疑一些学者提出现代民法社会本位说,认为现代民法本位是带有社会顾虑的个人本位和权利本位亦即私主体权利本位.