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31.
    
This examines explores the ways in which voluntary sector organisations working in the area of crime and justice operate both inside and outside the criminal justice system, moving between the worlds of the correctional services and the community. It examines the inclusionary and exclusionary nature of the control exercised by the penal voluntary sector and raises questions about legitimacy and the work of the sector. The article takes the example of community chaplaincy to develop these debates, drawing on empirical evidence from a study conducted in 2016 and 2017. It explores the nature of community chaplaincy mentoring relationships, setting this in the context of the faith‐based foundation of community chaplaincy. It concludes that the organisation must exist in both the community and the correctional worlds, adopting and shifting positions that reflect the needs of service users, volunteers, commissioners and funders.  相似文献   
32.
    
The modern prison emerged at broadly the same time as the discourse of political economy and a new understanding of the social meaning of work. This research explores how one penal theorist, Alexander Maconochie (1787–1860), deployed the ideas of political economy to answer key questions central to early‐19th‐Century debates about work's exact role in penal regimes. The reformation of the criminal, Maconochie argued, should be the primary aim of State punishment and this could be achieved through deploying political economy's ‘invisible hand’ to organise penal labour. The final section briefly explores Maconochie's two opportunities to test his theories and shows that, however intellectually coherent they were, in practice they proved impossible to implement.  相似文献   
33.
    
Penal policy can be influenced by a range of factors, including fear of crime, punitive priorities, and perceived future threats to public safety. Nevertheless, there have been some reductions in numbers in prison globally, echoed in reducing numbers on probation supervision in Europe, in recent times. Such trends raise the question of whether there is a discernible movement towards penal reform, and if so, what influences such movement. The possible influence of supranational bodies, changes in communications media, greater attention to former service users, and generally improved stakeholder engagement, are considered. In particular, the influence of probation practice and its values on the wider criminal justice system and penal policy are explored. The author concludes that offender rehabilitation may have come through a challenging period to become again a central (yet fragile) pillar of penal policy, evidencing in turn the ‘green shoots’ of further potential positive change.  相似文献   
34.
当今世界毒品犯罪持续增长,这是每个国家不可避免而要面对的问题。非法持有毒品罪是我国刑法348条规定的犯罪,是指违反国家毒品管理法规,持有较大数量的毒品,司法机关又无法查证毒品来源与用途的行为。本罪的手段:违反国家毒品管理法规,持有较大数量的毒品的行为。在司法实践中本罪与其他犯罪容易混淆,应加以区别。  相似文献   
35.
14岁青少年手腕骨发育的研究I.男生骨龄标准的制定   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
Li K  Ye K  Wang JW  Ye LY  Zhang QC 《法医学杂志》2007,23(6):414-417
目的研究我国当前青少年骨发育状况,制订专用于法医学推断男性刑事责任年龄14岁的骨龄标准。方法以湖南冷水江地区青少年为对象,按照纳入标准,选取14岁±3个月的健康男性中学生103名,拍摄其左手腕部后前位X线片。选择手腕骨15个部位,按照统一标准进行观察、测量,采用最大百分比法确定发育等级标准,建立骨龄评估方法,以单盲法进行验证。结果除第一掌骨、近节第四指骨骨骺发育等级为部分闭合外,其他均为未闭合;对于第四、五掌骨和近三指骨,不足14岁组以未闭合为主,已满14岁组以部分闭合为主。各个观察部位骨骺横径宽于干骺横径。30例的验证结果准确率为80.0%。结论根据发育等级特征及测量学方法建立骨龄评估标准可行,可望得到推广。本文以刑事责任年龄14周岁为对象,制订法医学专业骨龄推断标准,并引入测量学方法,辅助推断年龄。  相似文献   
36.
以唯物史观的分析方法详细考察马克思市民社会思想。市民社会是市场经济的产物 ,物质利益是其行动原则 ,物质生活关系总和是其内在规定。马克思以市民社会入手来确立唯物史观的理论起点。市民社会是现代历史进程的一个必不可逾越的问题 ,具有重要的历史和现实意义。  相似文献   
37.
袁古洁 《现代法学》2000,22(6):118-121
本文着重探讨了承认与执行外国刑事判决的条件、程序和中国开展承认与执行外国法院刑事判决的必要性。  相似文献   
38.
清朝刑罚制度的发展及特点   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
清朝作为中国封建末代王朝,其刑罚制度随着满族的历史演进而经历了三个不同的发展阶段,与其不同的发展阶段相适应的是刑罚制度的发展也呈现出各种不同的特点,这些阶段和特点是清朝特色刑罚文化的具体反映,也是清朝法制文化最重要的方面。  相似文献   
39.
Official discourse in many European countries advocates the use of imprisonment as a measure of last resort. This principle is also at the core of several Recommendations of the Council of Europe and a Resolution of the European Parliament. In practice, detention rates in European countries vary greatly, and many countries have witnessed an increase in their prison population. This article argues that the application of deprivation of liberty raises in itself a human rights issue, and considers the support that European human rights instruments give to a reductionist penal policy. It concludes by defending a normative argument in favour of rethinking the principle of proportionality in its application to imprisonment.  相似文献   
40.
房产税作为地方财政收入的主要组成部分,在实施过程中已暴露出很多问题。以宽税基、低税率的思路对其进行修改、完善是经济改革的必然趋势。  相似文献   
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