The moving targets of penal abolitionism: ICOPA,past, present and future

The history of the International Conference on Penal Abolition (ICOPA) is explored, assessing major trends shaping the current growth of carceral practices and offering suggestions for the future of the conference movement. The goal here is to facilitate the expansion of abolitionism by describing the changing nature of what is to be abolished. A discussion of the emergence of prison abolitionism and of the ICOPA is presented, describing the shift in focus from prison to penal abolition. Taking these developments and character into account, an abolitionist gaze must be expanded to reflect a carceral abolition project, encompassing contemporary penal abolitionism while acknowledging the proliferation of carceral practices and spaces outside the traditional penal system.     

欧洲恢复性司法概述：以比利时为视角

恢复性司法在欧洲的分布版图并不均匀,有些国家,如奥地利、比利时、芬兰等国在恢复性司法的研究和实务方面处于主导地位,但在法国、意大利、西班牙等国的推行并不理想。与大多数欧洲国家一样,比利时的恢复性司法的主要形式是刑事调解。其刑事调解项目启始于20世纪80年代末,从未成年人司法领域开始实践,尔后运用到成年人的轻微刑事案件中,最后推及到整个刑事程序并适用于任何案件。     

刑罚轻缓化的理性思考

在刑罚发展的历史进程中,其发展的总体趋势趋于轻缓：由残酷走向人道,由野蛮走向文明,由严刑峻罚逐步趋于轻缓。刑罚轻缓化的背后蕴含着深厚的理论基础：刑罚人道主义、刑法的谦抑性和刑罚功能的有限性。以此理论为支撑,为了使刑罚轻缓化朝着正确的方向发展,应处理好与罪刑相适应原则、刑罚的本质和现阶段宽严相济刑事政策之间的关系。     

关于附带民事诉讼若干问题的思考

刑事附带民事诉讼是刑民结合的一项重要制度 ,是遭受犯罪行为而受到损害的被害人维护自己合法民事权益的一种重要途径 ,但由于我国刑事附带民事诉讼的立法相对简单、薄弱 ,实践中还存在许多问题 ,文章论述了刑事附带民事诉讼的案件范围 ,特别提及的是精神损害赔偿是否应纳入刑事附带民事诉讼范围 ,以及诉讼中诸如是否交纳诉讼费、提起的期限、诉讼时效的计算、被告人是否有权提出民事反诉等程序性问题 ,并就上述问题提出了思考意见和立法建议。     

论“家庭型”共同受贿犯罪若干难问题

"家庭型"共同受贿犯罪成立的理论基础是共同犯罪的基本原理,但应注意这种共犯是有条件的,不能一概而论,应根据共同受贿的不同形态进行定性分析.在共同受贿犯罪中,每个共同犯罪人要对共同受贿的所得数额承担责任,而不能以个人分赃的数额量刑定罚.     

刑事执行一体化背景下完善刑罚监督问题研究

刑事执行一体化是我国当前司法体制改革和刑事理论探讨的热门问题。刑事执行一体化的改革与实践,必将在一定程度上影响到刑罚执行法律监督制度的执行。     

论惩罚性赔偿金额的上下限

惩罚性赔偿作为英美法系一项重要的制度，经过长期的发展而日益完善，并影响到包括大陆法系在内的许多国家的司法实践。我国在相关的法律文件中也开始确立这一制度，并对市场经济的发展起到了积极的规范作用。但是任何制度都应与一国的国情相适应。建立合理的惩罚性赔偿金额的上下限额，是在我国建立这一制度需要研究的重要课题。合理的惩罚性赔偿限额可以指导法官的裁判、发挥制度的功能以及维护社会经济秩序的稳定。建立适合我国国情的惩罚性赔偿金额的限额，应结合我国的司法实践、社会经济文化并比较参考其它国家已有的经验。     

Prison sentences: last resort or the default sanction?

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the sentencing purposes for penal penalties, judges’ perceptions of sentencing purposes and prison sentences, and the effects of penal sanctions. We examine judges’ positions towards different penalties, with a focus on imprisonment, since their views on the different penalties are related to their sentencing decision-making. Understanding these views is then critical for several practical and political purposes, including bridging the gap between academic discourse and legal practice. We accessed judges’ views on penal sanctions through a questionnaire and an interview. Our sample is compounded by the judges of the criminal courts from the three major cities in Portugal. Despite the most recent criminological empirical knowledge, judges valued imprisonment as the most adequate sentence, both for different crimes and for different judicial purposes. This result is not consistent with viewing imprisonment as a ‘last resort’ solution. Indeed, we did not find this ‘last resort’ position in our data, and it is not apparent in the judicial statistics on imprisonment rates. Our data highlight the importance of increasing judges’ training on criminological and sociological issues as well as the importance of changing the influence of their personal beliefs regarding penal sanctions into research-based positions.     

我国食品安全法中的惩罚性赔偿之解读

“退一赔十”是对我国食品安全法所规定的惩罚性赔偿责任的误读。我国食品安全法中的惩罚性赔偿适用的基础法律关系是产品责任，客观要件是食品生产经营者的行为符合产品责任的构成要件，主观要件是食品生产经营者者具有故意。在食品生产经营者均具有故意之时，应对惩罚性赔偿承担连带责任。在侵权责任法实施后，应适时对食品安全法第96条进行修改，将赔偿数额修改为按补偿性赔偿的倍数进行赔偿。     

当代英美刑法中的人格地位与人格评估

随着"报应模式"在当今英美刑法领域的衰微,犯罪人在英美刑法中的地位不断提高,刑法适用越来越重视人格.人格评估的方式在英美之间不尽相同,美国通过犯罪史进行评估,英国使用罪犯评估系统.