Changing aspects of government–society relations in South Korea: evidence from the evolution of environmental policy governance

In South Korea, the development of environmental policy did not garner much attention from either the government or society before the mid-1980s, although policy-making in this sphere had a long history prior to this time, as with other traditional policy areas. Moreover, it is significant that mid-1980s in Korea was a period characterised by a new political–economic landscape that induced changes in the aims and roles of the government and society in policy-making. Thus, specific developments of Korea's government–society relationship may be reflected in the evolution of its environmental policy. This paper aims to analyse the changing aspects of this relationship in the area of environmental policy by examining environmental policy governance since 1971. The research results show that the government–society relationship in this policy area has been gradually transformed – from a stage of confrontation to that of complex interactions. Per the findings, this paper argues that the relationship needs to be further enhanced to a stage of institutionalisation, and explores ways of achieving this goal.     

The terror experts and the mainstream media: the expert nexus and its dominance in the news media

Academic writing on ‘terrorism’ and the availability to the mainstream media and policy-makers of terror ‘experts’ have increased exponentially since 11 September 2001. This paper examines the rise of terror expertise and its use in one particular public arena – the mainstream news media. Using a combination of citation analysis and media analysis, the paper presents a ranking of the most influential terror experts in the mainstream news media in the Anglophone world. It is shown how what has been called an ‘invisible college’ of experts operates as a nexus of interests connecting academia with military, intelligence and government agencies, with the security industry and the media. The paper then takes a small number of case studies of some of the most prominent experts who exemplify the dominant trend in the field and examines the networks in which they are embedded. The last part of the paper uses the data generated to re-examine theories of ‘terrorism’ and the media, of ‘propaganda’ and ‘terrorism’, and of ‘source–media’ relations. It is suggested that the study of terror experts shows the need to study and theorise the media in a wider context by focusing on the relations between media content and production processes and wider formations of power. In so doing, the paper attempts to connect studies of media and terrorism to wider studies of terror and political violence.     

作为“中介”的“复合平等”——沃尔泽对罗尔斯分配正义理论的批判及其限度

沃尔泽认为,罗尔斯通过＂原初状态设置＂所演绎出的＂正义二原则＂只是一种实现通常之＂简单平等＂的分配正义原则,无法解决由诸多领域所构成之社会的分配正义问题。因而基于对西方世界分配现状的观察及其人性观,沃尔泽提出了＂复合平等＂的分配正义理论。事实上,只有罗尔斯的＂正义二原则＂才能有效实现社会的分配正义。因此,沃尔泽的分配正义理论实际上只是深刻理解罗尔斯＂正义二原则＂的＂过渡理论＂或＂中介＂,而不是对后者的根本性超越。     

Using immersive virtual reality and ecological psychology to probe into child molesters' phenomenology

Abstract

Child molesters (n=13) and sexually non-deviant subjects (n=29) were immersed with virtual characters depicting relevant sexual features while their sexual arousal and gaze behaviour were assessed to characterise their sexual preferences and intentional dynamics. Sexual arousal was measured using circumferential penile plethysmography (PPG). Gaze behaviour dynamics were derived from average gaze radial angular deviation (GRAD) and GRAD coefficient of variation (GRADCV). Results show distinct sexual arousal profiles according to sexual preferences and point towards the existence of specific gaze behaviour dynamics guided by sexual intentions. Theoretical interpretations are based on the ecological psychology of J. J. Gibson, the extended mind theory and the integrated theory of sexual offending. Theoretical underpinnings stemming from these approaches are advocated as being especially well suited to explain how virtual reality can help probing into child molesters' phenomenology as lived from the “first-person” stance.     

国际法的和平软肋——从康德的《永久和平论》说起

国际法是以维护和平与促进发展为根本价值取向的国际法律体系。实现和平的使命是国际法赖以存在的重要基础。康德的永久和平思想重视国际法的制度和组织建设,但忽视了实现和平的心理因素。深受康德永久和平思想影响的现代国际法体系也偏重于法律制度和国际组织的建设,对人类内心和平的建设重视不足。虽然一些国际法律文件和个别国际组织已经意识到了内心和平对世界和平的重要性,并做出了积极努力,但显然还是很不够的。真正的永久和平只能从人的内心开始实现。国际法应该在进一步加强和完善现有国际法制度和国际组织建设的基础上,更加重视人类内心和平的宣传和建设。这是国际法的新使命。     

柚皮素- 铜络合物对Hep- G2细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的 观察柚皮素-铜络合物在体外对人肝癌Hep-G2细胞增殖与凋亡的影响,探究其作用机制。方法 将不同浓度柚皮素-铜络合物作用于体外培养的Hep-G2细胞,采用甲基噻唑基四唑法检测细胞生长抑制率;荧光显微镜下观察柚皮素-铜络合物对DAPI染色的Hep-G2细胞凋亡的影响;应用流式细胞仪检测凋亡率; Western blot法检测细胞中Bcl-2、Bax和Caspase-3蛋白表达的变化。结果 柚皮素-铜络合物可显著地抑制Hep-G2细胞增殖,且在一定的范围内呈浓度依赖性。荧光显微镜下观察显示,柚皮素-铜络合物作用的Hep-G2细胞出现显著的凋亡特征,呈剂量依赖性地增加细胞凋亡率。柚皮素-铜络合物可上调Hep-G2细胞中Bax、Caspase-3蛋白的表达,抑制Bcl-2蛋白的表达,且呈一定的剂量依赖性。结论 柚皮素-铜络合物可抑制Hep-G2细胞的增殖并诱导其凋亡,其作用机制可能与上调Bax、Caspase-3蛋白的表达,抑制Bcl-2蛋白的表达有关。     

电针胃俞募穴对大鼠胃运动及迷走背核复合体中胃动素和胃泌素表达的影响

［摘要］目的 观察电针胃俞募穴对大鼠胃运动的影响，并探讨其中枢作用机制。方法 选用成年SD大鼠32只，随机分为空白组、中脘组、胃俞组、中脘+胃俞组。采用自制应力传感器记录各组大鼠胃窦部胃运动波形，并应用免疫组织化学染色的方法，检测迷走背核复合体（dorsal vagal complex, DVC）中胃动素（motilin, MTL）、胃泌素（gastrin, GAS）的表达水平。结果 与空白组相比，电针各组DVC中MTL、GAS表达水平显著增加（P<0.05，或P<0.01），且中脘组GAS和胃俞组MTL表达水平显著高于中脘+胃俞组（P<0.05，或P<0.01）；各电针组胃运动幅度均明显增加（P<0.01），且中脘+胃俞组胃运动幅度显著高于中脘组和胃俞组（P<0.01）。结论 电针胃俞募穴对胃运动具有调节作用，这种调节作用可能是通过激活中枢DVC中MTL、GAS表达实现的。     

冷战时期东南亚地区安全复合体:产生、演进与建构

研究东南亚地区安全复合体的产生、发展的演进历程,是我们把握冷战时期东南亚地区安全格局演变的关键主线,也是了解同期地区主义与区域安全之间互动关系的重要途径。安全复合体的出现为开展地区安全合作创造了条件,也是安全区域主义发展的起点。冷战时期东南亚地区安全复合体在构建过程中遵循了安全连续统一体的演进规律,地区安全结构经历了从冲突竞争为基调到对话合作为主旋律的显著变化。东盟国家一方面借此调解和缓和地区国家间的矛盾冲突,达到团结和整合地区安全力量的目的;另一方面试图通过推动"地区中立化"的安全机制,实现冷战两极体系下东南亚地区安全格局的平衡和稳定。从寻求"共同安全"到地区"合作安全"的最终建构,东盟把一个分裂对抗的东南亚逐步发展过渡成为一个团结互助、相互依存,愿意为了地区和平、稳定和发展而共同奋斗的发展中国家地区主义合作典范。同时,冷战时期培育"合作型"安全复合体的实践培养了东盟国家间的政治安全互信,增强了对地区的认同,这为冷战后东盟地区安全结构向更高一级的"安全共同体"升级打下了坚实的基础。