Family negativity and delinquent behavior in adolescence: a predictive multivariate latent growth analysis

ABSTRACT

The current study had three aims: (1) to explore whether there is over-time change in adolescent delinquency and negativity in the parent–adolescent, sibling and marital relationships during adolescence; (2) to examine the interactions of negativity across subsystems; and (3) to examine whether levels and changes in adolescent delinquency are predicted by levels and changes in negativity in all family subsystems. Data of 497 families participating in the RADAR-young study were used. Ratings of all family members were used to measure negativity in family relationships, and adolescent self-report was used for delinquency. Multivariate latent growth curve models showed over-time increases in mother-adolescent negativity and over-time decreases in sibling negativity, as well as significant individual differences in these changes. Second, evidence for both social contagion and compensatory processes in family negativity was found. Third, initial levels of parent–adolescent negativity were related to initial levels but not over-time changes of adolescent delinquency, whereas initial levels of sibling negativity were related to over-time changes but not initial levels of adolescent delinquency. Finally, increases in parent–adolescent negativity were related to faster increases in adolescent delinquency, and decreases in sibling negativity were related to slower increases in adolescent delinquency. Implications of these results are discussed.     

The Role of Non -Economic Drivers in Development Planning: The Case of South Korea and Turkey

ABSTRACT

The relationships between economic growth and planning strategies have been debated in different disciplines of social science. However, the emphasis has been more on structural and theoretical assumptions of planning and economics at the expense of other important non-economic and institutional factors that include social, cultural, political, and administrative dimensions. To explain the different approaches and outcomes of development planning, one needs to examine other factors that influence the nature of these plans and why they have been adopted. Using rigorous systematic and thematic review of government reports, academic publications and data from international organizations, this comparative study reveal the unique role non-economic factors play in countries’ development. It has been revealed that these factors not only influence the nature of planning strategies adopted by governments but also affect how these plans are implemented. Since South Korea and Turkey have achieved impressive economic growth over the last half a century, they have been selected as a case study to examine the role non-economic factors in their respective developments.     

单克隆抗体酶联免疫吸附抑制试验测定精斑G2m（n）因子

人类免疫球蛋白同种异型(human immunoglobulin allotypes)包括Gm、Km及Am等系统.在法医学实践中可用于个人识别和亲子鉴定.关于人精液中同种异型因子的检测报道极少,我们应用抗G2m(n)因子的检测国内外均未见报道,我     

论假日经济及其健康发展的有效途径

假日经济作为经济发展的新的增长点,为拓宽消费市场,刺激居民消费,推动相关产业、行业的发展起到了积极的作用。要通过完善市场机制、规范市场管理、加快相关产业发展和基础设施的建设步伐,为假日经济的可持续发展创造良好的空间。     

广泛软组织挫伤后血中胆红素和肌红蛋白的改变

目的 探索法医临床学评定广泛软组织挫伤程度量化指标。方法 采用改良的咖啡因法(J-G法)、放射免疫法分别检测广泛软组织挫伤后的人和大鼠血液中的胆红素(Bil)和肌红蛋白(Mb)浓度。结果 大鼠挫伤面积为6％、18％、30％,其血清胆红素浓度分别为4.86±0.4648、7.05±0.2915、8.52±0.1549μmol/1;肌红蛋白浓度分别为16.9140±0.9803、23.3435±1.3349、31.2490±1.8714ng/ml。二者经统计学分析P<0.001,均有显著性差异。结论测定血液中胆红素、肌红蛋白浓度有望成为法医临床学准确评估广泛软组织损伤程度的可靠量化指标。     

The multidimensionality of crime: A comparison of techniques for scaling delinquent careers

The construction of typologies of criminal behavior can benefit from the use of multidimensional analytic methods. Yet while some studies have applied such techniques to crime data (e.g., Shortet al, 1963; Nutch and Bloombaum, 1968; Chaiken and Chaiken, 1982), few have examined the assumptions of these methods as they apply to arrest histories. We argue that arrest histories represent a special form of data that are not ideally suited to standard multidimensional analyses. An examination of the different theoretical assumptions of factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, and variance centroid scaling (a form of correspondence analysis) reveals marked difierences in what is being uncovered by the analysis. In general, these claims are supported by an application of each technique to the arrest histories of 767 chronic juvenile delinquents.     

The dynamics of unemployment and imprisonment in England and Wales, 1946–1985

This paper explores the dynamic relationship between unemployment and prison admissions in the English criminal justice system. First, by adopting econometric procedures designed to test between alternative forms of dynamic equilibria, it finds that there has been a steady-state growth rate in prison admissions and that unemployment growth has played an important role in determining that equilibrium. Second, by developing a behavioral model of judicial expectations, it argues that judges have used their expectations as heuristic devices for simplifying sentencing decisions and that the unanticipated changes in unemployment have played a key role in determining changes in sentencing patterns. Due to individualized sentencing practices characteristic of English judges, unemployment plays a much larger role in determining prison sentences than warranted under Anglo-American legal traditions.     

绵羊毛圆科线虫卵在不同温度下的发育情况观察

观察了寄生于绵羊体内的优势虫种细颈线虫、奥斯特线虫、捻转血矛线虫、马歇尔线虫等毛圆科线虫卵在不同环境中的发育能力 ;研究了细颈线虫卵在相对湿度 10 0 % ,0、3、5、10、15、2 0、2 5、30、35℃共 9个不同温度梯度的发育率和发育周期 ;并对毛圆科线虫卵在 - 17～ - 2 5℃自然冷冻环境中的发育情况和幼虫在干燥环境中的抗干旱能力进行了测试。结果表明 ,细颈线虫卵在 2 0℃、相对湿度 10 0 %的条件下发育率最高 ,发育周期最短 ;毛圆科线虫卵在 - 2 5～ 0℃环境中不发育 ,也不死亡 ;毛圆科线虫的幼虫在无水分的干燥环境中可存活 10 0d左右。     

旅途性精神病的社会危害及其防范

旅途性精神病有特定的发病因素、独特的病症表现和作案特点 ,大多可造成严重的后果。这一病症是可以预防的。一旦发生 ,要快速反应 ,采取有效措施控制局面 ,急救、转送伤员和患者 ,确保旅客生命财产的安全和铁路运输秩序。     

Karl Marx and the economics of communism: anniversary recollections

This paper grew out of the author's Karl Marx studies and his practical knowledge of Soviet-type communist economies. It covers a broad spectrum of ideas and practices prevalent in those economies, which— rightly or wrongly—have become associated with Marx's teaching and predictions. Chapter I tries to explain the reasons for Marx's continuous popularity. Chapter II critically examines the validity of the claim about Marxian socialism being “scientific” as opposed to “utopian”. The article, especially in chapter III elaborates on a number of other Marxian ideas, like that of the so-called “anarchy of the market”, which for many decades exerted a negative influence on his followers—theoreticians and practitioners engaged in building what they believed to be a communist economy and society. One of the quintessential features of Marx's teaching, which he took over from Smith and Ricardo, was the labor theory of value and the “law of value” in particular. The latter, interpreted by Stalin as “the law of value under socialism”, was used by him for ideological and propaganda purposes, but after his death has in turn been utilized by Marxists, non-Marxists and anti-Marxists to discredit the Stalinist economic system, and to advance propositions ranking from profound, relevant and commendable to vague and frivolous. Tracing in Chapter IV the peripetia of this “law” provides a deeper insight into both the essential weaknesses of the Marxian theory and the acute dilemmas of the Soviet-type economies.