结果加重犯刑事责任根据及其合理性问题探讨

本文从结果加重犯的刑事责任根据的分析入手来探讨结果加重犯刑事责任的合理性问题。本文作者认为 ,在立法上应消除对加重结果既包含故意又包含过失的结果加重犯类型 ,同时合理确定结果加重犯的法定刑。     

结果加重犯的共同正犯浅论

结果加重犯是故意实施基本的犯罪构成要件的行为,发生基本犯罪构成结果以外的重结果,刑法对重结果规定加重法定刑的犯罪.我国的结果加重犯存在两种类型,即基本犯为故意,重结果为过失的结果加重犯(纯正结果加重犯)与基本犯为故意,重结果也为故意的结果加重犯(不纯正结果加重犯).前者不能成立结果加重犯的共同正犯,而后者可以成立结果加重犯的共同正犯.     

浅论非法行医罪的主观方面

非法行医罪的主观方面的认识在司法实践中存在不同的观点,影响了打击该类犯罪的力度,所以准确界定非法行医罪的主观方面的内涵有利于保护非法行医案件当事人的合法权益,有利于严厉打击非法行医犯罪者。     

德国刑法中的超越承担过失理论介评

过失犯的成立以行为人具有注意能力为前提，但在超越承担过失中，行为人行为时并无注意能力，却又应当受到处罚。为了解决这种处罚与责任主义之间的矛盾，德国刑法学界提出了“实行行为前置说”、“单一行为说”、“罪责前置说”与“不真正义务违反说”等学说，然而均存在种种缺陷，因此仍有必要深入思考过失犯的本质等问题。     

判定护理过失的基本标准分析

在医疗损害赔偿案件中,确定医疗行为是否存在过失非常关键.护理行为是医疗行为的重要组成部分,明确护理行为是否存在过失的标准对于司法实践具有重要意义.规制护理行为的医疗技术规范、鉴定机构出具的鉴定结论都不适于作为判定护理行为是否存在过失的基本标准,应该由法官以“合理护士”标准对护理行为是否存在过失进行判定.     

共同过失犯罪中的违反共同注意义务研究

传统刑法理论是否认共同过失犯罪的,理论研究的发展使刑法学界已不能回避共同过失犯罪的存在.明确违反共同注意义务在共同过失犯罪中的核心地位,准确划分违反共同注意义务的判断对象,正确认识违反共同注意义务的共同过失与竞合过失的区别,对纠正传统理论对共同过失犯罪的误解,建立和完善共同过失罪理论体系有重要的意义.     

Contracting Out Parks and Recreation Services: Correcting for Selection Bias Using a Heckman Selection Model

Despite the growing scholarly attention on the efficiency rationale of contracting out, the empirical evidence to support claims that contracting out service delivery reduces service costs has not been forthcoming. Using transaction cost theories, this research explores park and recreation service provision costs across contractor sectors, controlling for the choice to contract out a service or not. The two-stage Heckman model indicates the importance of competitive markets and economies of scale in reducing transaction cost risk which local governments must face. This research also addresses how state and local institutional settings define the context in which policy decisions are made and implemented.     

Contracting Out: Dutch Municipalities Reject the Solution for the VAT Distortion

In 2003, the Dutch government introduced a VAT-compensation fund in order to create a level playing field for local governments with respect to Value Added Tax (VAT). This fund eliminates the effect of the tax difference between local governments that supply services themselves and local governments that contract out services to the private sector. However, as this article shows, according to most municipalities, differences in their treatment in terms of VAT did not hinder the contracting out of public services. Therefore, the VAT compensation fund lacks legitimacy. It appears to have had little effect so far, as the number of contracted-out public services has hardly increased since its introduction. In general, municipalities have a negative opinion of the fund. They state that non-budgetary effects and institutional considerations, such as the quality of services, the vulnerability of municipal activities and concern for employment in the municipality itself, are more relevant to decision making on outsourcing.     

浅谈共同过失犯罪

我国刑法规定了共同过失犯罪,但是规定的过于笼统,所以在理论上对于什么是共同过失犯罪,共同过失犯罪和共同犯罪到底是何种关系等问题存在很多争议。在我国刑法中,共同犯罪和共同过失犯罪应该是并列关系,而不是共同过失犯罪在某些情况下从属于共同犯罪。     

犯罪过失类型论

犯罪过失作为犯罪主观罪过形态之一，并非仅仅是犯罪故意的补充，而具有其自身的价值蕴涵，需要重新研究其内涵与意义。对不同类型的犯罪过失进行深入研究有利于对犯罪过失的全面认识。犯罪过失的种类很多，根据不同的标准，主要有疏忽大意过失与过于自信过失、单纯过失与业务过失、通常过失与重大过失、危险过失与实害过失、法律过失与事实过失、积极过失与消极过失以及纯正过失与非纯正过失几组类型。