芪丹通脉片对急性心肌缺血犬血清NO和血浆ET水平的影响

目的：观察芪丹通脉片对急性心肌缺血犬血清一氧化氮（NO）和血浆内皮素（ET）水平的影响。方法：结扎冠状动脉左前降支复制犬急性心肌缺血模型，经十二指肠灌入实验药物，经颈外静脉插管至冠状静脉窦，测定结扎冠状动脉药前及用药后不同实验时间点的血清NO和血浆ET水平，实验结束后取缺血区心肌组织测定心肌组织NO和ET的含量。结果：与对照组比较，芪丹通脉片能升高血清和心肌NO水平，降低血浆和心肌ET水平，在芪丹通脉片高剂量组用药30min以后效果尤为明显（P＜0．05）。结论：促进NO产生和抑制ET合成，是芪丹通脉片抗心肌缺血性损伤的机制之一。     

眼钝挫伤与脑肿瘤伤病关系法医学鉴定1例

本文通过对一例被鉴定人眼部钝挫伤后出现视力下降,同时发现其患有脑星形细胞瘤的案例,讨论了如何准确地判定上述伤病关系,如何对该眼部钝挫伤的损伤程度作出公正、科学的法医学鉴定,并分析了伤病关系理论在法医学鉴定中的重要作用。     

人体冠心病心肌组织cTnI免疫组织化学研究

目的 研究cTnI免疫组织化学法诊断人体急性心肌梗死的法医病理学意义.方法 应用免疫组织化学法检测人体冠心病心肌组织cTnI的变化,进行图像分析,与HE染色法进行比较.结果 人体冠心病心肌组织急性心肌梗死区域心肌细胞内cTnI免疫组化染色缺染、分布失规律性;梗死修复区域纤维间质cTnI免疫组化染色弱阳性:陈旧性心肌梗死瘢痕区域纤维间质cTnI免疫组化染色阴性.失血性休克组近心内膜心肌细胞内cTnI免疫组化染色轻度增强,并见点灶状心肌细胞内cTnI免疫组化染色缺染.结论 cTnI免疫组织化学检测可以应用于人体急性心肌梗死的诊断.     

离体心脏冠状动脉造影术及其法医学应用

目的应用冠状动脉造影技术对离体心脏进行检查,以便更准确地发现冠状动脉病变的位置、性质和程度,提高综合评价心血管疾病的能力。方法提取10例不同死因的新鲜离体心脏,用指环注射器对离体心脏加压注射硫酸钡造影剂,在Xper FD20血管造影机下显影,获取图片及影像资料,应用造影机附带软件对所获得的影像资料进行三维成像处理。取冠状动脉组织HE染色,镜下观察,并与造影结果对比。结果 10例检材经造影获得的影像学资料,其中8例冠状动脉主支及各分支未发现狭窄,2例检材发现存在Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级冠状动脉狭窄。与冠状动脉组织HE染色结果一致,二者相互印证。结论离体冠状动脉造影技术对于冠状动脉狭窄准确分级、血管畸形及微小病变的检验有其独特的优越性,可为尸体检验病理取材时微小病变的定位提供参考,为鉴定意见提供依据。     

口蹄疫病毒O型和A型交互反应性单克隆抗体的筛选与鉴定

不同血清型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)之间不能产生交叉免疫保护,但是血清学的交叉反应确实存在。本研究旨在建立一种筛选型间交互反应性抗体的方法,以期为解析FMDV血清型间保守的抗原结构奠定基础。本方法主要依据单个B细胞抗体技术,首先采用两种不同的荧光染料FluoProbes 647H和Pacific Blue分别标记O型与A型FMDV 146S灭活抗原,然后利用流式细胞分选技术,从免疫牛外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中分选出结合两种抗原的特异性B细胞,通过单个B细胞抗体基因测定,获得Ig G抗体重链与轻链可变区编码序列,并将可变区基因插入含有牛IgG抗体恒定区的pcDNA3.4载体中,构建IgG抗体的重链与轻链表达质粒。将重链与轻链表达质粒共转染中国仓鼠卵巢悬浮细胞(CHO-S)进行完整抗体表达。结果显示,通过该方法获得了5株FMDV特异性单克隆抗体,其中4株(H64、R82、I16、R29)经间接免疫荧光(IFA)检测都可特异性识别O和A型FMDV;ELISA结果显示,H64、R82、I16与O、A型抗原均具有较好的亲合力;Western-blot结果显示,I16可特异性结合O、A型FMDV结构蛋白VP2中的线性表位,说明在衣壳蛋白VP2上存在血清型间保守的抗原表位,通过本研究进一步加深了对FMDV抗原结构的认识。     

Significant Differences in PostMortem Heart Weight Before and After Dissection Using the Short-Axis Dissecting Method

Correctly assessing heart weight can be critical at postmortem examination. The current international guidelines advocate using the short-axis method in dissecting the heart and the heart weighed when the blood is emptied. However, it did not specify at what point the heart should be weighed or how the blood should be emptied. This study compared heart weights at three different time points during the heart examination (immediately after dissecting out of the pericardial sac with blood still in chambers, blood washed/removed from heart chambers without the heart opened, and the heart completely opened, blood emptied, and pad dried). This was to illustrate the variation in measurement and potential errors when the heart is weighed at different time of dissection. The results show that there were statistical and clinical significant differences between the heart weights at each weighing points. We recommend the heart to be completely dissected with any blood and residual washing/rinsing water emptied before being weighed. Although performed in this study, the effect of pad drying the heart on heart weight was not explored and was a limitation in this study.     

A Comparison of Coronary Artery Stenosis Estimates Made by Forensic Pathologists and Medical Students

Previous studies suggest cardiovascular pathologists are less accurate than noncardiovascular pathologists (e.g., clinical pathologists) in estimating the degree of coronary artery stenosis. To further investigate the effect of training on accurate estimation of coronary artery stenosis, we designed a study to compare the accuracy of estimates made by forensic pathologists versus medical students. Six forensic pathologists and twelve medical students each independently examined 24 images of coronary artery cross sections and gave an estimate of the degree of stenosis. When comparing all 24 images, the forensic pathologists had a median difference between the estimated percentage of stenosis and actual percentage of stenosis of −12.380 and the medical students had a median difference of −16.50 (p-value of 0.08542). In estimating the percentage of stenosis, training in forensic pathology does not guarantee significantly improved accuracy compared with medical students. Our study showed no consistent statistically significant difference between estimates given by forensic pathologists and by medical students.     

新冠肺炎疫情期间公安法医应当加强尸体甄别和个体防护

因鉴定体制特点,公安法医除参与尸体有关的现场勘查工作外,还需进行尸体检验工作。在此过程中,可能面对很多风险,受伤和中毒等事件时有发生。然而,国内公安法医对新冠肺炎等传染病流行期间死亡的尸体如何甄别进行尸体检验鉴定,对现场勘查及尸体检验工作的防护只有少量规定,且内容不够详尽。本文对法医在现场勘查中遇到的尸体及尸体检验中实验室建设、职业现状、风险评估及防范措施等进行了论述。最后,建议出台相关的制度规定等具体约束规范措施,以保障公安法医现场勘查及尸体检验工作的顺利进行,以解除基层鉴定机构和鉴定人的后顾之忧。     

马立克病病毒致瘤相关基因的研究进展

从meq基因、pp38复合体、HSV ICP4的同源体、L开放阅读框(L ORF)、位于BamHⅠ-H片段的基因和病毒类白细胞介素-8(vIL-8)等几个方面论述了马立克病病毒感染期间参与肿瘤形成的相关基因的生物学活性。     

冠状病毒感染性疾病尸体检验相关病原学检测回顾与展望

冠状病毒曾经给世界带来两次严重的人类间大流行,包括严重急性呼吸综合征(severe acute re?spiratory syndrome,SARS)和中东呼吸综合征(Middle East respiratory syndrome,MERS),2019年岁末新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2...