刑事警察职业承诺调查与研究

对某省120名刑事警察进行的职业承诺问卷调查表明,刑警职业承诺水平较低,情感承诺、规范承诺均未达到理论中值。其中,本科学历刑警的继续承诺水平明显高于本科以下学历的刑警；公安院校毕业的刑警规范承诺和继续承诺水平明显高于非公安院校毕业的刑警；不同工作年限的刑警在职业承诺方面无显著性差异。     

刑事证据相互印证的合理性与合理限度

证据相互印证是我国刑事证明活动的传统。这一规则虽然难免对于刑事诉讼的效率产生掣肘并仍然难以防止刑事司法错误发生而被人质疑,但是它毕竟反映了事物存在的规律和司法认识的规律,体现了刑事司法的理性主义精神。重要的是正确把握证据相互印证的合理限度,即依据这种相互印证关系能够确认被印证的证据之真实性,能够使案件事实裁判者形成内心确信。公正与效率的同时追求,要求正确合理把握证据相互印证的限度,正确适用证据相互印证的规则。     

俄罗斯生态犯罪的立法评析及借鉴

俄罗斯刑法通过生态犯罪的设立保护生态环境,俄罗斯生态犯罪立法的价值取向、范围及处罚方式等,值得中国刑法立法的借鉴。中国刑法应设立生态犯罪以取代传统环境犯罪;中国生态犯罪应将生态法益作为保护的必要要件,其立法范围也要予以拓展。     

黑话的使用与犯罪心理机制

黑话是民族共同语在犯罪亚社会群内产生的特殊变异 ,它的使用往往折射出种种犯罪心理现象。黑话的使用与犯罪心理梯度、认同心理、禁忌心理等因素有关。     

刑事诉讼强制措施的适用应遵守比例原则——兼论相关检察监督

刑事强制措施作为刑事诉讼的重要手段和保障措施长期以来得到了充分的运用,但法律有关强制措施强度及其适用的规定存在着明显不足,客观上导致其在实践中被不正确适用甚至滥用。引进比例原则,对强制措施的适用加以合理限制,使其与被追诉人适用的刑罚相谐调,有利于其在刑事诉讼中发挥合理效能。     

转化抢劫罪的若干疑难问题探析

构成转化抢劫罪的前提“犯盗窃、诈骗、抢劫罪”并不要求一定达到既遂程度,也不是三个具体罪名,而是指三种行为形式。转化抢劫罪中的暴力、威胁必须达到一定程度。其主体必须年满16周岁。其目的条件之一的“毁灭罪证”不包括灭掉证人。     

Environmental liability reform and privatization in Central and Eastern Europe

The legacy of severe environmental degradation inherited by the new Central and Eastern European (CEE) economies requires liability reform to aid the cleanup of existing pollution sources and create incentives for future environmental risk reduction. The paper analyzes a host of liability approaches to meet these goals, given economic and institutional characteristics specific to the CEE nations, and explores the impact of environmental liability rules on privatization and foreign investment. A principal conclusion of the analysis is that, for a host of efficiency-based reasons, liability should not be retroactively applied to the new owners of privatized firms. Also, the paper advocates the use of national liability funds to finance the cost of existing liabilities, while highlighting dangers associated with their use. In addition to the desirability of alternative privatization mechanisms, the paper also analyzes altemative liability rules to govern prospective environmental hazards.     

社会危害性与刑事违法性辨析--重在从"罪刑法定"视角观之

一个时期以来,社会危害性与刑事违法性的争论越来越引起人们的极大关注。社会危害性与刑事违法性是属于两个不同学科、不同领域的问题。在“罪刑法定”原则下,社会危害性更应当回归于犯罪学之中,而在刑法学中用法益侵害和严重的法益侵害取而代之,并且它们只有被明确规定在刑法中才能叫刑法法益侵害。这样规定,不仅剔除了“社会危害性”这一宏观、模糊的、甚至易受主观价值取向改变的犯罪定义标准,而且有利于刑事司法操作。     

江西省近年中学生刑事犯罪的现状及特点

从近几年数据统计与调查结果来看,江西省中学生刑事犯罪呈恶化趋势,犯罪总数逐年上升,且在未成年人犯罪中所占比例也逐年上升。在违法犯罪主体构成方面,呈现出犯罪年龄下降,由高中生转向初中生的趋势;在犯罪类型方面,涉财案件多,其中以盗窃、抢劫案件最为突出;在犯罪组织形式方面,表现为团伙斗殴现象严重突出,带黑社会性质的帮派侵入校园,帮派团伙活动呈蔓延趋势;从违法犯罪手段上看表现为作案手段多样化、智能化;在犯罪的危害程度方面,中学生实施的暴力犯罪日趋突出,危害结果严重。     

Corporate Governance in Spain (with an Application of the Power Indices Approach)

This paper describes the governance system of Spanish listed firms in the early 1990's. Although the institutional setting of the Spanish Stock Exchanges differs little from other European national markets, we found important differences in several aspects of corporate governance. In particular, some of the standard mechanisms of control (e.g. boards and institutional shareholders) do not play an active role, whereas ownership is relatively concentrated. Moreover, power indices suggest that controlling blocs of large shareholders are very likely to form. We thus conclude that the ownership of shares is a pivotal mechanism in the governance of Spanish corporations.