Cardiac Implantable Medical Devices forensics: Postmortem analysis of lethal attacks scenarios

Cardiac Implantable Medical devices (IMD) are increasingly being used by patients to benefit from their therapeutic and life-saving functions. These medical devices are surgically implanted into patient's bodies and wirelessly configured by prescribing physicians and healthcare professionals using external programmers. However, these devices are threatened by a set of lethal attacks, due to the use of vulnerable wireless communication and security protocols, and the lack of security protection mechanisms deployed on IMDs.In this paper, we propose a digital investigation system for the postmortem analysis of lethal attack scenarios on cardiac IMDs. After developing a set of techniques allowing the secure storage of digital evidence logs which track the executed sensitive events, we implement an in-depth security solution allowing the protection of cardiac IMDs. An inference system integrating a library of medical rules is proposed to automatically infer potential medical scenarios that caused the patient's death, or that created heart-related emergency situations (through the occurrence of ventricular tachycardia for example). A Model Checking based formal technique to reconstruct potential technical attack scenarios on a cardiac IMD, starting from the collected evidence, is also proposed. The results obtained by the two proposed reasoning techniques (i.e., the inference system and the Model Checking based algorithm) are correlated to prove whether a potential attack scenario is responsible of the occurrence of heart-related emergency situations or the death of a patient. Based on the proposed techniques, we design a decision-support system that reconciles in the same framework the medical and technical investigation aspects.     

Aortic Dissection and Sudden Unexpected Deaths: A Retrospective Study of 31 Forensic Autopsy Cases

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is the most common cause of sudden unexpected death related to aortic diseases. A retrospective study of 31 sudden unexpected deaths caused by AAD was conducted at Xi'an Jiaotong University Forensic Center from 2001 to 2012. We summarized the forensic characteristics of AAD and assessed the clinically diagnostic accuracy of AAD. The characteristics of sudden unexpected death due to AAD were male predominant (male: female = 6.7:1), relatively young with the mean age of 44, and predominance of type A dissection (77.4%). Cardiac tamponade was the most frequent cause of sudden death (87.1%). Of the 31 cases, 26 (83.9%) patients were not recognized clinically and were misdiagnosed with acute myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, cholecystitis, acute gastroenteritis, renal/urinary lithiasis, or acute pancreatitis. In summary, AAD can be difficult to recognize, diagnosis is therefore sometimes delayed or missed. The medicolegal death investigation can help physicians have a better understanding of AAD.     

诱惑侦查的程序控制

为应对日益严峻的隐形化犯罪的挑战,在过去二三十年间的侦查实践中,诱惑侦查得到了更多的应用.尽管2012年修改刑事诉讼法过程中,通过新增第151条的规定试图提升此类侦查手段的法治化程度,但由于法律规定的宽泛与模糊、司法处断原则的失当与片面,诱惑侦查适用过程中凸显出执法无序与司法失范的弊端.解决问题的出路是,在法律解释论层面,应当对合法性判断标准、适用对象、程序控制机制与违法制裁后果予以明确;在司法裁断方面,应当跳出"犯意引诱"与"机会提供"二分法的窠臼,基于我国特有的侦查权规制现状,采用控权最为严格的分离式混合模式,即无论是违反诱发他人产生犯意的主观标准,还是僭越客观标准,即侦查人员使用了过度且令普通人难以抵御的诱惑手法,均属违法.     

新形势下非法集资犯罪之审查逮捕研究

近年来,非法集资犯罪有高发态势,呈现出新的特征。由于非法集资的复杂性和特殊性,检察机关在审查逮捕中,遇到了一系列理论与实务方面的问题。揭开非法集资新形势下的面纱,直面非法集资犯罪侦查的困境,解读非法集资司法解释的新规,正视非法集资审查逮捕的现状,以宽严相济刑事政策为指引,从构建要案审查机制、推进司法行政协作、强化羁押必要审查、拓宽侦查监督内涵入手,进一步完善非法集资犯罪的审查逮捕工作。     

毒品犯罪案件中技术侦查措施的适用研究

新的《刑事诉讼法》增加了"技术侦查措施"一节,从程序法的高度完善了公安机关侦查工作的合法化,兼顾了打击犯罪与保障人权的价值追求。该文在总结毒品犯罪案件特点、重新界定技术侦查措施概念的基础上,对公安边防部门适用技术侦查措施侦办毒品犯罪案件的优势进行了阐述,以期更好的指导实践。当然,《刑事诉讼法》中技术侦查措施的规定并不是尽善尽美的,如何更好地完善技术侦查措施理应引起我们更多的思考。     

侦查目的探析

侦查目的就是以观念形态表达的,国家进行侦查活动所期望达到的目标或结果。侦查目的是整个侦查活动的灵魂、任何侦查行为的开展必然受到侦查目的的影响。本文从分析侦查目的的概念及特征入手,对侦查目的的立论依据进行了阐述,并提出我国侦查目的的内容。     

Android forensics: Automated data collection and reporting from a mobile device

In this research, a prototype enterprise monitoring system for Android smartphones was developed to continuously collect many data sets of interest to incident responders, security auditors, proactive security monitors, and forensic investigators. Many of the data sets covered were not found in other available enterprise monitoring tools. The prototype system neither requires root privileges nor the exploiting of the Android architecture for proper operation, thereby increasing interoperability among Android devices and avoiding a spyware classification for the system. An anti-forensics analysis on the system was performed to identify and further strengthen areas vulnerable to tampering. The contributions of this research include the release of the first open-source Android enterprise monitoring solution of its kind, a comprehensive guide of data sets available for collection without elevated privileges, and the introduction of a novel design strategy implementing various Android application components useful for monitoring on the Android platform.     

解析犯罪心理画像技术在侦查讯问中的应用

犯罪心理画像技术作为一项特殊的刑事侦查技术已经广泛应用于刑事侦查领域，并在侦查的各个阶段都发挥着重要的作用，尤其是在侦查讯问阶段可以帮助讯问人员对犯罪嫌疑人进行准确评估并为讯问方案的制定提供参考，可以帮助讯问人员准确了解嫌疑人的心理行为特征并进行针对性的审讯等，但是在应用过程中要注意克服影响犯罪心理画像准确性的主、客观因素。     

浅析司法会计的侦查与鉴定在诉讼活动中的作用

司法机关在经济案件侦查阶段,由于案件的需要对有些案件涉及财务凭证,会计资料的检查和鉴定时就必须要有专门知识的侦查人员或有专门资格的鉴定人员对案件的某些证据进行司法会计侦查和司法会计鉴定,这是案件诉讼过程中的部分程序,但是司法会计侦查及司法会计鉴定具有各自不同作用及其职能,在我们实践过程中往往要混淆其职能和作用,因此作者通过几年的工作经验在此阐述司法会计侦查及司法会计鉴定的作用。     

新建企业工会组建工作的调查与思考

按照“三个代表”的要求 ,从本地的实际出发 ,在全面加强工会工作的同时 ,应当把工会组建作为工会重中之重的工作来抓 ,不断加大工作力度。