法经济学与纠纷解决

作为一种全新的法学解释系统和理论框架,法经济学有着自身的研究范式。法经济学的研究范式应该是研究纠纷解决理论的有利工具。法经济学基本研究范式对纠纷解决的理论阐释包括对成本效益、供求关系和市场、纠纷解决过程中国家制定法与民间社会非正式规范的博弈均衡等诸多方面的理论分析。在法经济学的研究视角下,论述纠纷诉讼外解决的经济社会合理性。     

Verifiability, Incomplete Contracts and Dispute Resolution

Recent literature on incomplete contracts attributes noncontractibility of certain contingencies to their unverifiability. This paper questions the underlying assumption of this theory and argues that the court (or arbitrator) need not observe relevant contingencies with the same degree of accuracy as the contracting parties in order to enforce a contingent contract. In a simple procurement model, it is shown that as long as the ruling of the court (arbitrator) is not arbitrary, the first-best outcome can be implemented under certain ideal conditions by a contingent contract even if contingencies are costly to verify and verification is imperfect.     

税务争议替代性解决机制探析

随着纳税人权利意识的增强,税务争议呈多发趋势。而解决各种税务争议多着眼于传统的途径即税务行政复议和税务行政诉讼,使得在税务争议解决实务中已存在的调解、和解、仲裁等替代性税务争议解决方式没有可靠的理论支撑和法律依据。因此,对税务争议替代性解决机制进行研究,以有效解决各种税务争议,成为税法理论界及实务界十分关注的课题。笔者从税法适用的角度,对引入税务争议ADR的法理合法性与现实合理性进行分析,并尝试研究国外税务争议ADR的成因、背景和运作状况,以借鉴其规则或惯例,为我国引进并完善税务争议ADR提出构想。     

Strategist or Pragmatist: A Challenging Look at Ocalan's Retrospective Classification and Definition of PKK's Strategic Periods Between 1973 and 2012

The PKK, a violent group seeking secession in southeastern Turkey through the use of terror and guerilla methods, has evolved through different strategic and pragmatic phases in pursuing its goal. Ocalan, the incarcerated leader, classified the PKK's objectives into four deliberate strategic periods and commenced the final period of Strategic Lunge in March 2010 (for establishing de-facto autonomy). To compare these periods to PKK's real evolution, this article reviewed the entire process of the PKK (1973–2012) through analysis of resolutions from PKK congresses/conferences and the characteristics of PKK violence (e.g., target status, incident type/location, form, and purpose). This study argues that as opposed to Ocalan's assessment, PKK moves—particularly after 1994—are based on emergent (ex-post) pragmatic shifts rather than predetermined (ex-ante) strategic plans, as verified by analysis of the nature/form of PKK violence. It also argues that the PKK's pragmatic moves permeated even into its ideology and declared goal. Contrary to Ocalan's four-stage strategic periods, the PKK's initial manifesto indicates a three-stage Maoist strategy for reaching its goal. However, the PKK's military attempt to reach the third stage in 1991 failed due to conditions that were not sufficient for realization of the third stage of Maoist strategy. As a result, the PKK quit pursuing military victory after acknowledging its defeat in 1994; instead, since it still possessed the ability to initiate violence, it strategically employed (and ceased) violence to supplement its campaign of political compromise and negotiation.     

域名纠纷在线解决机制研究

域名纠纷是网络民事纠纷的一种,使用诉讼和ADR来解决域名纠纷将面临“纠纷解决的会面成本较高”等缺陷,同时域名纠纷的责任要件的认定有时借助网络就可以完成而无需当事人双方会面.为此域名管理机构创立了专门解决域名纠纷的域名ODR机制,以便快捷、廉价的解决域名纠纷.为鼓励当事人选用域名ODR来解决域名纠纷,域名管理机构把域名ODR设置为附条件的诉讼前置程序以保证域名ODR有充足的案源,另外裁决结果易于执行性、专家裁判、裁判快捷高效、费用低廉等优势成就了域名ODR,但是域名ODR也面临着困境.     

Do conduit neutrality mandates promote or hinder trust in Internet-mediated transactions?

As the Internet evolves and matures, Internet Service Providers (“ISPs”) have devised increasingly diversified business models for serving downstream end users and upstream content providers. The need to accommodate subscriber demand for more bandwidth also necessitates efforts by ISPs to generate higher revenues by differentiating service on the basis of subscriber access requirements and other customer-specific demand characteristics. ISPs have identified new strategies to diversify their offerings on the basis of price, quality of service, transmission speeds, permissible amount of capacity uploaded and downloaded, legitimate network management objectives and the demand for customer-specified network features.     

Wars in the Balkans: Personal recollections

An examination of South Africa's different foreign policy role conceptions under the administrations of Nelson Mandela and Thabo Mbeki, highlighting the respective governments’ strategies in carving a niche for the country in global relations.     

日本ADR现状及其对我国的启示

选择性争议解决方式 (AlternativeDisputeRes olution)正在飞速发展着 ,对其研究也已成为一股热潮。在一些国家 ,对传统的法律诉讼非常注重而ADR则被忽略了 ,而在其他国家ADR被给予与诉讼相等的法律地位或者一个完全与诉讼不同的独特的法律地位。这就使广泛的国别研究显得非常必要 ,以提高我们对ADR的基本理解。     

乡土正义:鲁南周村的纠纷解决

周村的司法实践表明,乡土社会交往的基础是关系网络与生存结构。利益已经成为影响人们构建和维持关系的主要因素。当今的中国村庄面临着两种利益与价值共生的局面。乡土正义就是在这两种利益与价值之间寻求平衡与调和,这不同于西方价值体系中的正义观。     

Escalation and Mindfulness

Escalation of conflict, the use of progressively more contentious tactics, is not always intended. It may occur when parties become preoccupied with ideas or feelings that impair their ability to comprehend the situation and focus on the conflict issues. Action springing from such preoccupation can initiate a set of feedback loops that are self-amplifying. In this article, I suggest that by raising their present moment awareness through formal meditation and informal day-to-day mindfulness practice, parties may reduce preoccupation and thereby amplification. Drawing on Friedrich Glasl's stages of escalation and Magorah Maruyama's work on change-amplifying feedback loops, this article examines how mindfulness might contribute to a greater awareness of psychological and systemic factors that predispose disputants to escalation of their conflict.