医疗事故技术鉴定专家出庭质证问题阐释

医疗事故技术鉴定专家出庭接受质证是法院审查、认定鉴定结论以及克服医疗事故技术鉴定自身中立性不足和程序不完善等问题的必然要求。鉴定专家出庭接受质证程序要体现交叉询问原则,同时,要引入专家辅助人、专家陪审员制度以构建均衡合理的质证主体结构。质证的内容应该围绕鉴定专家资格．鉴定结论的相关性、科学性、事实材料充分性、证明过程符合逻辑性等来展开。     

论破产法上债务人高管人员民事责任的追究

The Enterprise Bankruptcy Law has designed the regime for debtor’s senior managers to bear civil liabilities, while the framework design concerning the prosecution mechanism of civil liabilities is still unclear. How to establish a prosecution mechanism of civil liabilities of debtor’s senior managers in line with the purposes of the bankruptcy regime is a substantial issue during the implementation of Enterprise Bankruptcy Law. The realization of the civil liabilities regime of debtor’s senior managers depends on the establishment and operation of a relatively well-developed prosecution mechanism of civil liabilities. The focus of the prosecution mechanism of civil liabilities is to determine the subject of prosecution of civil liabilities, the way to realize civil liabilities, and the special hearing proceedings and authorities of the court. Taking steps to clarify and improve the prosecution mechanism of civil liabilities focusing on the subjects of prosecution (debtor’s senior managers) and authorities of the court, is the essence and systematic safeguard of realizing the civil liabilities regime of debtor’s senior managers in the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law. Gan Peizhong, Ph.D, is a professor of law and director of the Research Center for Enterprise and Company Law at Peking University. Prof. Gan is a recognized expert on economic law, company law, bankruptcy law and the reform of state-owned enterprises in China. He has released numerous articles on Chinese law journals and published many books. His major publications include Encyclopedia of Chinese Economic Law (vice editor-in-chief), New Studies on Economic Law (co-editor), New Studies on Enterprise Law (author), Studies on Chinese Economic Adjudication (editor-in-chief), Studies on Foreign Economic Law in Beijing (editor-in-chief), General Theories on Economic Law (co-editor), Legitimate Exercise of the Corporate Control Rights (author). Moreover, he was named the “leading young and middle-aged jurist” by Beijing Law Society in 1999. In addition, Prof. Gan is the deputy-president of the Securities Law Association, a member of the Standing Committee of the Economic Law Association under China Law Society. He also serves as the consultant of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the NPC Standing Committee and Beijing Municipal People’s Congress, as well as the Haidian District Court of Beijing.     

美国未成年人死刑制度——对伦奎斯特法院刑罚观的法律思考

在西门斯案件中,美国联邦最高法院多数意见判决禁止对未成年人执行死刑。但以前首席大法官伦奎斯特为核心的保守主义大法官撰写反对意见,深入证成未成年人死刑制度。伦奎斯特法院保守主义力量坚持的法律路线——未成年人死刑制度具备存在的必要;在边缘性的案件中,该制度能够体现刑罚正义。在未成年人刑罚改革的过程中,获取稳妥前进的法律进路甚为关键。     

论我国台湾地区“司法院”大法官解释两岸关系的方法

我国台湾地区"司法院"大法官凭借所谓"释宪"机制,在两岸关系发展中扮演着重要角色。其针对两岸关系,已作成"法统"型、权利型、制度型三类共16个解释。大法官在解释两岸关系时,综合运用了文义、论理、历史、体系等传统解释方法,以及"政治问题不审查"、"结果取向解释"以及"宪法解释宪法"等新兴解释方法。经过数十年的发展,大法官在选择解释两岸关系的方法时,表现出所谓"去政治化"倾向。而"台独"分裂势力也正是利用大法官解释两岸关系时的"去政治化"倾向,力图通过维持形式上"中立"的法学方法,为其"台独"目的提供"正当化"外衣。     

法院制度功能之比较研究

法院制度之功能经历了历史演化 ,尤其是近现代以来 ,现代法院的地位、作用和传统法院相比较 ,有更加明显的变化。本文运用结构———功能的方法探析了现代法院制度和传统法院制度的异同 ,指出两种类型的法院制度在纠纷解决这一直接功能和社会控制、权力制约、形成公共政策等延伸性功能方面表现出来的变化 ,值得关注研究。     

A Selection of Empirical Socio-Economic Research with Respect to the Functioning of Legal Rules and Institutions in Belgium and the Netherlands

In this paper some studies with respect to empirical socio-economic research which has been undertaken in Belgium and the Netherlands concerning the functioning of legal rules and institutions are discussed. The paper focuses on the domains of criminal law, civil procedure, liability and insurance. The paper argues that contrary to the overwhelming economic literature on liability and insurance, the empirical results in that domain are poor. More research is undertaken in the area of criminal law and apparently it is overwhelming in the area of civil procedure. The latter studies are, however, mainly undertaken by socio-legal scholars and less by economists. The general conclusion of the empirical studies discussed seems to be that while the empirical literature on the effect of changes in the decision making environment on rational actions in the legal system is rich and provocative, there is much less empirical testing of the effects of legal rules as such on allocational outcomes. The paper argues that much more effort should be devoted to the latter issue.     

调解的比较优势与法院调解制度的改革

调解、仲裁与诉讼，是现代各国解决民事纠纷普遍采用的方式，每一种方式都有自己的鲜明特色和比较优势，正是比较优势的存在是纠纷当事人可以选择适合于自己的方式，与判决相比，调解具有自愿性，和解性，协商性，开放性，灵活性，保密性等八个方面的比较优势，我国现行调审合一的诉讼体制妨碍了法院调解发挥其比较优势，应当改革我国法院调解制度，实行诉讼内调审分离。     

完善证人出庭作证机制

证人出庭作证 ,是现代对抗式诉讼模式的基本制度。我国刑事诉讼中证人不出庭作证 ,制约了刑事诉讼的发展。完善证人出庭作证制度 ,首先要确立对证人的人身保护制度 ,其次要规定证人拒绝出庭作证的法律制裁条款。     

香港毒品犯罪调查的证据运用--与香港缉毒警察的对话

香港警察根据当时环境确认嫌疑人拥有毒品,<危险药物条例>中允许推定,参加办案警察要出庭作证,并采用污点证人制度.     

菲律宾对外国法院判决的承认与执行

在国际民事司法协助中 ,外国法院判决有其特定的含义。菲律宾《法院规则》明确规定了外国法院判决的效力。一位在判决的承认与执行方面倍受尊敬的菲律宾权威列举了承认与执行外国法院判决的要件。对外国判决的承认不需要提起任何诉讼 ,但一项外国判决的执行需要提起单独的诉讼