互动:操纵的传媒与传媒的操纵——浅析新闻传媒与美国政治之间的相互影响

在美国,新闻作为一种特殊的政治力量,在一定程度上改变着政治结构,而政治又在某种程度上影响着新闻的形成.这使得新闻传媒自觉或不自觉地成为一种被操纵的工具;而传媒也反过来影响政治及统治者本身.政治与传媒的互动形成“你中有我、我中有你”的动态平衡,从而使传媒政治化、政治社会化.     

论私力救济与公力救济的交错——一个法理的阐释

本文挑战了私力救济与公力救济关系的流行观念 ,提出两者之间关系密切、交错互动 ,并从其相互影响和相互转化等方面作了详尽阐述 ,为公力救济、司法、以及法治等问题提供了一个全新视角     

The effects of procedural aspects and outcome salience on procedural fairness judgments

The effects of process control and decision control on procedural fairness judgements are examined with regard to the procedure used by commercial banks in granting business credits to entrepreneurs. Male and female entrepreneurs with experience in requests for business credits were interviewed about several aspects of the procedure for granting business credit. Respondents had either a positive or a negative experience with credit granting (i.e., the request was or was not rewarded). The outcome-oriented and the procedure-oriented explanations for the effects of process control on procedural fairness judgments are discussed. The results show that, contrary to expectation, process control had no effect on the procedural fairness judgments. On the contrary, perceived seriousness of treatment, as well as the predicted effects of decision control, did influence procedural justice judgments. Moreover, some support was found for the contention that seriousness of treatment functions as precondition for process control effects (Tyler, 1987). Neither the outcome-oriented, nor the procedure-oriented explanation could fully account for the findings. It is assumed that the specific aspects of the situation are responsible for the results, indicating how important the situational context is in research concerning procedural justice.     

Charge reduction: An analysis of prosecutorial discretion in burglary and robbery cases

Although a substantial number of researchers have studied charge reductions taking place within the context of guilty plea negotiations, few have focused on estimating the determinants of charge reductions taking place at the initial screening decision. The prosecutor's decision to reduce original felony charges to a misdemeanor has serious social, legal, and economic consequences for the suspect. This paper presents a model of the variables affecting the likelihood of such a reduction in burglary and robbery offenses. Drawing from Littrell's principled charging perspective and earlier research on labeling, the analysis involves estimating logistic regression equations specifying both main and interaction effects of the suspect's gender and race and variables related to suspect character, case seriousness, and legal seriousness. Partial support is found for Littrell's perspective.     

彝民通过电视的仪式--对一个彝族村落"电视与生活"关系的民族志研究

通过把电视植入某个社区的过程视为该社区通过电视的仪式,可以将大众传播视为社区在现代宿命的、必然要"通过"的"仪式",是在面临大众传媒、尤其是电视所带来的种种变化和现象时,社区为标识、定位、解释这些现象和变化,进而调整自己以适应这种现象和变化而做出的种种社会性行为.展示一个彝族村落中"电视与生活"关系的民族志表明电视与村落的生活一直处于相互建构的过程中,村民按照自己的方式将电视纳入当地生活,同时村民们也渐渐调整自己的生活和文化结构以适应电视.     

清季民国戏剧改良与妇女解放的互动关系考察——以河南为例

清季民初，戏剧改良运动兴起，其宗旨为移风易俗，妇女解放便是其中一项内容。清末，作为戏剧大省的河南开始允许妇女入园看戏，民国时期，女演员登台演戏日益增多，她们成名后积极义演赈灾、支持教育，一定程度上提高了妇女的社会地位。通过对河南戏剧改良的梳理与考察可知：戏剧改良一定程度上推动了妇女解放，妇女解放也促进了戏剧的革新，戏剧改良与妇女解放互为促进。     

刑法理论与实践之间的“恶性循环”与“良性互动”——我国刑法理论的反思

根据我国刑法理论与实践之间的关系,可以把我国的刑法理论分为与实践"恶性循环"的理论和与实践"良性互动"的理论。前者以犯罪构成体系的争论来说明,后者以死刑的改革来说明。我国刑法理论在国外刑法学理论的"刺激一反应"模式之下缺乏理论的主体性和独立性,不但没有自己的问题意识,而且不能正确对待国外的刑法学理论。应该反思"恶性循环"的刑法学理论,应该提倡"良性互动"的刑法学理论。     

以立法与司法的良性互动促进司法公信力的提升

提升司法公信力需要立法与司法的良性互动，这要求加强三方面的工作：一是努力提高立法的科学性，为提升司法公信力奠定基础；二是努力降低立法滞后性给提升司法公信力带来的不良影响；三是努力应对法律变动给提升司法公信力带来的挑战。     

转型期中国的大众文化与传媒角色

把问题摆在全球化语境下探讨,是因为“全球化”和“信息化”的发展促进了中西方的全面交流,其裹挟而来的文化冲击也进一步促使传统中国社会发生着深刻的转型。传统文化的历史底蕴及其内含的惰性因子、商业文化的蔓生和多元价值取向共同塑造了复杂的社会文化现象。作为一个社会影响力很强的“文化装置”,媒体具有极强的“聚合力”和“辐射性”,成为文化传播的强大推动力。当下传媒的文化表现与走向在很大程度上影响着大众文化转型的未来走向。应确立一种适应现代社会发展需要的,成熟、健康的文化形态,大众媒体应当对自己所扮演的角色进行重新定位,并努力寻找出一条展现自身使命之路。     

异与同:翻译的困惑

如何对待异与同是文化视域中的翻译无法回避的难题。对于翻译实践来说,译者要有这样的文化态度,即认识到由于文化的互动发展,文化比较应该是一个客观动态的过程,从而采取适时的翻译策略。对于翻译研究来讲,论者应正确对待传统翻译理论跟西方翻译理论,着眼于理论的互动发展,避免民族性的过分张扬。