我国现行相对不起诉制度的改革与完善

相对不起诉具有公正、效益、秩序等诉讼价值。我国相对不起诉制度存在一些不容忽视的问题,包括：相时不起诉适用范围具有狭窄性;适用标准具有不确定性;适用程序具有烦琐性案件转诉具有矛盾性;制约机制的不合理性。我国相对不起诉制度的立法完善,应适当扩大相对不起诉的适用范围;建立暂缓起诉制度;建立征询被害人同意机制;建立合理的“公诉转自诉”救济机制;明确赋予检察机关对非刑罚替代方法的适用效力;建立合理的相对不起诉制约机制;改革和完善不起诉的工作程序。     

Evidence for the role of the justice motive in status generalization processes

Status generalization refers to the capacity of status characteristics, such as race, gender, or occupation, to become the basis of social inequality even when such characteristics are not directly relevant to the immediate social interaction. For instance, individuals with positively valued status characteristics are more likely to assume positions of power and prestige than those of lower standing. To date, status generalization has been assumed to arise from stereotyped beliefs that associate positive standing on a status characteristic with positively valued personal attributes. Findings from two studies indicate that the capacity for status characteristics to produce power and prestige orders may also depend on people's need to believe in a just world. In the first study, participants were fortuitously granted a position of either superior or equal power and prestige to another person. Consistent with just world predictions, participants portrayed themselves more positively relative to the other on assessments of personal attributes when they occupied a superior position than when they occupied a position of equal power and prestige. Results from a second study showed that the tendency to link personal attributes with power and prestige standing was strongest for participants who scored high on the Just World Scale. Thus, just world beliefs appear to play a role in status generalization processes.     

A multivariate investigation of dating aggression

This study investigated the following variables for their unique and combined contributions to dating aggression: exposure to aggression in the family of origin (witnessing interparental aggression or being the victim of aggressive parenting); attitudes justifying dating aggression (when humiliated or in selfdefense); child-to-parent aggression; child sexual abuse; violent sexual victimization; alcohol use; and socioeconomic status. One hundred and eleven male and 179 female undergraduates reported on their own aggressive behaviors directed toward dating partners. Together, the predictor variables accounted for 41% of the variance in male-to-female aggression but only 16% of the female-to-male aggression. Humiliation, as a justification for dating aggression, contributes to the prediction of both males' and females' dating aggression, while self-defense, although a highly endorsed condition for justifying dating aggression, does not predict actual aggressive behavior. Exposure to interparental aggression plus the product between exposure and humiliation contribute to the prediction of males' dating aggression but exposure does not play a role in females' dating aggression. Violent sexual victimization contributes unique variance to both males' and females' dating aggression. The present data highlight the importance of examining specific circumstances under which males and females justify dating aggression and how such attitudes condoning aggression affect actual behaviors.     

Marital status and woman abuse theory

An area that has received insufficient attention in woman abuse studies is marital status. Although many feel that ending the marriage will end the violence, this may not be the case. An examination of National Crime Survey victimization data shows that most victims are, at the time of the interview, divorced or separated. There are reasons to believe that this is partially accounted for by the fact that many or even most women leave abusive relationships. If this is the case, then the traditional question of why women remain in battering marriages is improperly put. If most women do take appropriate steps, then we need much more information on both how women are victimized by ex-spouses and how women take active steps to improve their own lives.     

关于农村经济结构调整的一种解说

调整农村经济结构一直是国家农村经济发展政策的重要内容。但农村经济结构调整仍存在重大障碍。只有实行宏观规划,采取综合性措施,才能逐步达到农村经济结构合理化目标。     

Constructions of migrant rights in Canada: is subnational citizenship possible?

Devolutionary trends in immigration and social welfare policy have enabled different levels of government to define membership and confer rights to people residing within the political boundary of a province or municipality in ways that may contradict federal legal status. Drawing upon theories of postnational and deterritorialized citizenship, we examined the legal construction of social rights within federal, provincial, and municipal law in Toronto, Ontario. The study of these different policy arenas focuses on rights related to education, access to safety and police protection, and income assistance. Our analysis suggests that the interplay of intra-governmental laws produces an uneven terrain of social rights for people with precarious status. We argue that while provincial and municipal governments may rhetorically seek to advance the social rights of all people living within their territorial boundaries, program and funding guidelines ensure that national practices of market citizenship and the policing of non-citizen subjects are reproduced at local levels.     

国有资本控制公司中国家工作人员刑法甄别疑难问题研究

国家出资公司中国家工作人员的身份确认不限于委派,更应强调国有资本代表权的授予。任命主体也不限于国有单位,国有资本控股、参股公司可以对国有资本运作的公务权力授权。国有资本控制公司中具有双重身份人员的主体认定,实际上无法根据其利用职务便利的性质进行研判,而应从国有资本是否实际受到侵蚀或实际损害的结果角度予以审视。     

勘验、检查笔录与刑事错案预防问题探析

勘验、检查笔录是我国刑事诉讼中重要的证据之一,是犯罪现场勘查过程中制作的重要法律文书。在侦查过程中．勘验、检查笔录可以为侦查人员分析案情、查找线索、寻找侦破方向提供依据。但在实际工作中,因勘验、检查笔录的不规范、不严谨,造成了一系列的刑事错案。因此,我们应当重视勘验、检查笔录,完善法律法规,加强刑事技术队伍建设,规范制作过程,避免勘验、检查笔录运用中刑事错案的发生。     

囚犯论:从“边缘”到“中心”——于爱荣等的“监狱人文五论”解读之四

《监狱囚犯论》遵循科学的规律,理性地看待罪犯,融入宽容、正义、法治、权利、民主等现代行刑理念,确立罪犯在监狱改造中的主体地位.主体地位的确立,意味着罪犯必须对其犯罪行为负责;意味着罪犯对自己的矫正负有重大责任,是矫正的主导者.在罪犯的权利尊重、保障和实现上,将罪犯权利置于人权的高度,置于公民权利的同等位置,罪犯的权利就是公民的权利,因而一样地神圣.监狱要成为正义和尊重罪犯权利的一个阵地,监狱警察要真正成为罪犯新生活的领航者.     

欠发达地区农村文化建设的现状分析与对策思考——以陇南农村为例

在新农村建设中,尽管欠发达地区的农村文化建设取得了一定的成绩,但农村经济发展落后这一因素在很大程度上制约了他们的文化建设,使欠发达地区农村文化发展明显滞后。各级领导要树立正确的发展观,营造农村经济、政治、文化三个文明同步发展的良好氛围;在多元投入、解决新农村文化建设资金问题的基础上,教育、引导广大农民群众不应满足于做文化建设的受益者,更应成为文化建设积极主动的参与者。