打击犯罪与保护人权的艰难平衡——评刑诉法修正案中侦查程序部分中的争议问题

现行刑诉法自 $141 年制定后于今迎来了第二次大面积修改。针对此次修改,尤其是对有关侦查程序的修改,有人忧虑其是刑诉法条款倒退的表现。通过对秘密拘留和逮捕、传唤和拘传时间的延长、技术侦查措施的引入和沉默权与如实供述这四个方面进行理性分析并提出完善建议,指出此次修正案在侦查程序的修改中,兼顾了打击犯罪和保护人权两方面,整体上是有进步的。对于其不细致、不周全、有矛盾而可能导致实施者自由裁量权滥用的地方,需要进行合理的完善。     

我国行政公共听证的五大问题与对策论略

我国行政公共听证尚存在适用范围狭窄、代表遴选机制不健全、听证各方信息不对称,主持人制度设计不科学、听证笔录法律效力不足等问题.应采取渐进推广公共听证适用范围、强化行政公共听证笔录的法律效力等措施加以完善.     

Kurbanjan Samat: The Photographer

正KURBANJAN Samat couldn’t sleep on the night of March 1,2014,after hearing news that 29 people had been killed by eight Uygur assailants at Kunming Railway Station in Yunnan Province.Authorities identified the assailants as part of separatist forces from Xinjiang     

论非讼法理在诉讼程序中适用的限度

诉讼事件的对立性、裁量性、公益性、迅速性、展望性等均可作为诉讼程序中适用非讼法理所考虑的标准.非讼法理在诉讼程序中适用的个别化、具体适用标准的流动化,实际上就承认了民事诉讼中程序保障的个别化和多样化.当事人的听审请求权保障就是非讼法理在诉讼程序中适用的限度.     

论法治政府建设公众认同视野下公众参加人的代表性——以公共行政决策听证为例

法治政府建设意义下的公众认同就是指公众对法治政府建设和自身利益、需求的一致性作出肯定性评价。而公众参与法治政府建设是形成公众认同的重要路径。在公共行政决策听证中,由于公众参加人代表性的缺失,严重影响了法治政府建设的公众认同。因此,应当明确公众参加人代表性的判断标准不仅有职业、社会角色等形式标准,更应当有诉求利益代表特定群体利益的价值标准、本质标准。并应当建立严格的程序,公开公众参加人的信息及陈述的观点,以利于社会监督,从而体现其代表性,确保实现法治政府建设中的公众认同。     

Voices of minor children heard and unheard in judicial divorce proceedings in the Netherlands

Under Dutch divorce law, children in theory have ample opportunity to make their voices heard: the petition for divorce must state how the children have been involved in preparing a parenting plan; all children aged 12 or 16 (depending on the context) or older have the right to be heard by the judge, and the judge may additionally hear younger children; the court may appoint a guardian ad litem to represent the interests of the child; and the child has the right to seek informal access to the court (by letter or telephone, for example) which may lead to an ex officio decision that changes the arrangements agreed by the parents in a divorce settlement or an earlier judicial decision. In practice, however, there is no guarantee that children's voices will actually be heard in divorce proceedings. Notably in the case of separation after an informal relationship (other than marriage or registered partnership) the opportunities given to children to be heard are often a dead letter.     

U.S. child custody outcomes in cases involving parental alienation and abuse allegations: what do the data show?

ABSTRACT

Family court and abuse professionals have long been polarized over the use of parental alienation claims to discredit a mother alleging that the father has been abusive or is unsafe for the children. This paper reports the findings from an empirical study of ten years of U.S. cases involving abuse and alienation claims. The findings confirm that mothers’ claims of abuse, especially child physical or sexual abuse, increase their risk of losing custody, and that fathers’ cross-claims of alienation virtually double that risk. Alienation’s impact is gender-specific; fathers alleging mothers are abusive are not similarly undermined when mothers cross-claim alienation. In non-abuse cases, however, the data suggest that alienation has a more gender-neutral impact. These nuanced findings may help abuse and alienation professionals find some common ground.     

The expanding role of expert psychological evaluations and testimony in Hague child abduction litigation

Hague Convention cases are a growing niche in forensic assessments. These cases focus on returning children, or preventing their return, after international abductions, by one of the parents, has occurred. This article focuses on the legal underpinnings of the Hague Abduction Convention, the “affirmative defenses” that may be invoked to prevent a return order, including “grave risk of harm,” “mature objection”, and the “well settled defense.” The article will also focus on the increasing roles that forensic evaluators play in these matters, the distinction between the role of forensic experts in custody proceedings and Hague cases, and the inherent limitations present in these unique kinds of evaluations.     

The future of parenting plan evaluations: A view from the trenches

As expectations rise for parenting plan evaluators to be well-trained, skilled, and knowledgeable in numerous subject areas, and scrutiny of evaluators' work intensifies, the pool of qualified evaluators is shrinking nationwide. The future of parenting plan evaluation as a forensic subspecialty relies upon the availability of competent and committed professionals to do this challenging work, yet few are entering the field. Five experienced parenting plan evaluators from various regions of the United States, including the authors, met for a roundtable discussion to ponder the future of parenting plan evaluations. The panel discussed what drew them to the work, their experiences “in the trenches,” and what has kept them committed to doing evaluations despite daunting challenges. Their views of the rewards and risks of doing the work, barriers and disincentives to newcomers entering the field, recommendations to new evaluators, and outlook for the future are presented.     

论税收立法听证制度的构建

2006年9月27日全国人大常委会就个人所得税法修改中的工薪所得费用扣除标准问题举行的听证会,是全国人大及其常委会立法史上首次召开立法听证会,其本身所具有的制度价值和社会意义显然已经超越了个税法修改的本身。文章认为,税法的制定迫切需要一种体现民主参与和科学决策的程序性制度,立法听证制度引入税收立法则是民主法治建设的必然走向。