小鼠皮肤切创愈合过程中α7nAChR表达与损伤时间关系

目的检测皮肤切创愈合过程中α7nAChR的表达及其时间规律性变化。方法建立小鼠皮肤切创模型,应用免疫组织化学技术及Western blot方法检测切创后不同时间段皮肤中α7nAChR的表达。结果免疫组织化学结果显示,对照组α7nAChR表达于表皮、毛囊、皮脂腺、血管内皮及真皮中少数的成纤维细胞;伤后6～12h切创皮肤损伤区及周边区可见少量多核粒细胞和单核细胞表达α7nAChR,1～3d以单核细胞阳性表达为主,5～14d以成纤维细胞为主。α7nAChR阳性细胞率于伤后1d开始升高,伤后7d达最高峰,随后逐渐下降。经Western blot检测显示,对照组及各实验组均有α7nAChR阳性条带,其中伤后7d为α7nAChR表达高峰。结论α7nAChR在小鼠皮肤切创愈合过程中呈现一定的时序性变化。     

组织未成年人进行违反治安管理活动罪的几个问题

组织未成年人进行违反治安管理活动罪是一种保护未成年人人身自由和安全的犯罪,其犯罪对象仅限于不满十四周岁的未成年人,而且在数量上不需要多人。本罪的客观行为方式就是以暴力、胁迫、欺骗、诱惑等手段实力支配未成年人。本罪是目的犯,其目的就是使未成年人进行违反治安管理活动。本罪只要使未成年人置于自己或者他人的实力支配之下就构成犯罪既遂,而且存在未遂的可能。本罪是继续犯,有成立共同犯罪的可能。在本罪的罪数关系上,多数情况下是并合罪。     

Use of 2D:4D Digit Ratios to Determine Sex

Second to fourth digit ratios (2D:4D) are sexually dimorphic in human hands and established by the 13th gestational week. Application of 2D:4D for determining sex in living individuals by Kanchan et al. (Forensic Sci Int, 181, 2008, 53.e1) produced classification rates of 80% for males and 74–78% for females. Few studies have explored the use of 2D:4D for sexing skeletal remains. We test estimated finger lengths, phalanx lengths, and 2D:4D derived from hand bones for determining sex. Maximum phalanx length was collected using a mini‐osteometric board from 451 individuals of known age, sex, and ancestry in four skeletal collections. Logistic regression of 2nd and 4th digit finger and phalanx lengths produced classification rates greater than 80%. Digit ratios, however, failed to reach classification rates greater than 59%. Our results support those of Voracek (Forensic Sci Int, 185, 2009, e29) and suggest that 2D:4D may be population‐specific and thus inappropriate for universal application as a means of determining sex.     

Delfi AS v Estonia: The Liability of Secondary Internet Publishers for Violation of Reputational Rights under the European Convention on Human Rights

In October 2013, the European Court of Human Rights in Delfi AS v Estonia upheld a decision of the Estonian Supreme Court to impose liability on the owners of an internet news portal for defamatory comments which had been posted on their website by anonymous third parties. This note suggests that the decision is important in the context of publications with a ‘public interest’ element to them, because it appears to afford more protection to the right to reputation (deriving from the Article 8 right to privacy) and less to freedom of expression than was formerly the case. It is further argued that the Court's emphasis on the positive obligation of states to protect this right to reputation may mean that the existing English law in this area, including, potentially section 5 of the Defamation Act 2013, is inconsistent with the ECHR jurisprudence.     

论网络社团法律规制的范围和基准

网络社团是依一定的志愿,由其成员自愿组成,可独立处理其事务,在互联网上开展表达性活动的,非政府非营利的组织。对网络社团实施法律规制时,应谨恪权益平衡的法律精神。网络社团法律规制的范围是其表达行为和符合四大条件的结社行为。网络社团法律规制的基准是"紧要"标准和"基本"标准。     

A Treasured Friendship

正IN June 2014 the President of the Republic of Congo Denis Sassou Nguesso visited China at the invitation of President Xi Jinping.During his stay he met with some teachers and students from the China-Congo Friendship School in Chindu County,Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Qinghai Province.The school was built with fi nancial aid from the Republic of Congo following the earthquake of 2010.During a visit to the central African nation in March 2013,President Xi hailed the gesture as a sign of true friendship between the Republic of Congo and China and cited letters written by the school’s students thanking President Sassou Nguesso.One student wrote,"Birds enjoy greater freedom under the open sky,     

有限责任公司隐名股东资格认定问题探 析简

股东资格是出资人行使股东权利、承担股东义务的基础。在有限责任公司中的隐名股东资格认定问题上,“双重标准、内外有别”应当成为处理隐名股东资格纠纷遵循的基本原则。具体而言,对于公司内部关系．隐名股东和显名股东之间对股东资格及股权权益的分配有约定的依约定,无约定或约定不明的,原则上依据股东资格认定的实质要件来判断：对于公司外部关系,依据股东资格认定的形式要件来判断,即原则上确认显名股东的股东资格,并以工商登记的效力为最高标准。     

The governance of justice and internal security in Scotland: between the Scottish independence referendum and British decisions on the EU

This article examines how the governance of justice and internal security in Scotland could be affected by the outcome of the Scottish independence referendum in September 2014. The article argues that it is currently impossible to equate a specific result in the referendum with a given outcome for the governance of justice and internal security in Scotland. This is because of the complexities of the current arrangements in that policy area and the existence of several changes that presently affect them and are outside the control of the government and of the people of Scotland. This article also identifies an important paradox. In the policy domain of justice and internal security, a ‘no’ vote could, in a specific set of circumstances, actually lead to more changes than a victory of the ‘yes’ camp.     

公共人物理论视角下网络谣言的规制

对于公共人物制造或传播网络谣言的现象,需要结合自媒体时代背景,在完善公共人物理论的基础上进行有效规制。传统的公共人物理论有效地平衡了公众、媒体和公共人物之间的权利,但自媒体的发展使得这一平衡被打破,应对公共人物理论进行拓展与深化:公共人物的主体范围应当扩展至法人及其他社会组织;在定性侵权行为时,应区分实质恶意与一般恶意。对公共人物网络谣言进行有效规制,要理性认识这些谣言的积极与消极作用。直接的规制方式包括可追索的匿名制度、通过制度设计达到适度的"警示效应",间接的规制方式包括构建理性的网络文化以及培育公平竞争的"思想市场"等。     

CBCT技术研究进展及其在牙龄推断中的应用

牙齿是人体最坚硬的器官,不易因外界理化因素的变化而降解、变形,利用牙齿推断年龄已广泛应用于法医学。通过牙齿影像推断年龄是过去使用最普遍的方法之一,而锥形束计算机体层摄影术(cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)技术的出现为牙齿三维影像的获取提供了新途径,具有照射剂量低、扫描时间短、成像精度高及费用低等优点。本文综述了CBCT技术的研究进展及其在牙龄推断中的应用。