An Analysis of Human Skeletal Remains with Cerebral Palsy: Associated Skeletal Age Delay and Dental Pathologies*

Abstract: In 2002 the authors were asked to examine the skeletal remains of an individual with a known history of severe cerebral palsy (CP) who was 21–23 years old at death. Skeletal age estimates of 11–15 years and dental age estimates of c. 16 years are younger than the known age of the decedent. Skeletal analysis also identified dental pathologies such as chronic tooth grinding and substantial calculus deposits. Scarce literature exists on forensic human remains cases with CP, and this study contrasts the age discrepancy and other features of this case with typical clinical characteristics of CP. A review of the CP literature suggests that delayed skeletal maturation and dental pathologies such as those observed in this case are indicative of complications related to CP. This article may alert future investigators to some of the osteological signs of CP and the probability that age indicators may be misleading.     

媒介素养教育：高校文化建设的新举措

在数字时代，媒介文化严重浸染着高校文化，因而媒介素养成为信息社会对大学生素质提出的新要求，加强媒介素养教育、推进高校文化建设势在，必行。开展媒介素质教育，提升高校文化建设水平，是建设高校文化的重要工作，将成为当代高校文化发展新的生长点。     

与时俱进:邓小平现代化理论的突出品质

邓小平现代化理论与时俱进的品质 ,体现在它是站在时代前列 ,准确把握时代主题转换的结果 ;是及时总结社会主义实践的历史经验和新鲜经验 ,伴随社会主义理论由传统形态向当代形态转变而确立的 ;是根据当代中国实践的发展 ,不断研究解决新情况、新问题 ,总结新鲜经验的产物。     

俄罗斯数字化转型与网络公共领域的生成

数字技术的快速发展在全球范围内掀起了一场剧烈的变革,深刻地影响着经济、政治、社会、文化等各个领域,这一进程被称为数字化转型。俄罗斯积极应对数字化浪潮,将数字化转型作为国家的发展战略,构建数字化转型的基础设施,推动数字经济发展。而在政治和社会领域,数字化转型的基础设施在网络空间促进了网络公共领域的生成,对政治参与和社会交往的方式、路径产生重大影响,推动了民主政治、市民社会、社会自组织的发展。与此同时,数字化转型也带来诸多风险,包括网络空间的无政府主义以及外部势力和政治反对派对现政权的威胁。在俄罗斯,网络空间建立秩序和规避风险的需求推动国家权力进入网络空间。数字化转型带来的机遇和挑战,是包括中国在内的世界各国和地区面临的共同性议题,俄罗斯的数字化转型无疑为我们提供了一个生动的案例。     

Friend or Foe? Digital Technologies and the Changing Nature of Party Membership

As membership levels decline, parties are developing new forms of linkage with supporters, many of which rely on Internet technologies. To date, the discussion of these new modes of affiliation has been largely theoretical in nature, with little, if any, systematic empirical analysis undertaken on their appeal and impact on formal membership. This article seeks to fill this gap by examining the presence of three new types of digital affiliation—audience, friends, and digital activists—among the French electorate using original survey data from the 2012 Presidential election. Our findings are important in showing that while the new methods of affiliation are increasing parties’ reach into society, they are not necessarily widening parties’ socioeconomic support base. Furthermore, digital activism is mostly a supplementary channel for members’ input although there are a smaller group of people engaging in these activities that avoid formal membership ties. Such results suggest that digital methods of affiliation might offer an important new resource to parties during campaigns.     

Three Prompts for Collective Action in the Context of Digital Media

Research dealing with the nexus of collective action, political participation, and digital media confronts three challenges: conceptualizing digital media as an influence on human behavior, finding common ground among new theories, and connecting together individual-level models with structural-level theories. This article addresses these challenges as a theoretical undertaking. It argues that the digital media environment should be understood as a change in the context for action rather than as an individual-level variable, and that this changed context is relevant to behavior because it expands opportunities for action. This expansion involves a range of structural possibilities for viable collective action that entail at least three paths: organizational prompts, social prompts, and self-initiation. There are theoretical reasons to expect that individual-level attributes including age, education, ideology, and personality may differentially affect people’s susceptibility to these prompts. Future research may profit from refinements to behavioral models that account for possible differences across structurally different prompts for action.     

Introduction to queer circuits: Critical performance and digital praxis

This introduction situates the articles making up this special issue within four thematic clouds, positing queer theorization as broadly relevant for critically engaging with computational technologies and culture. These sub-themes offer suggestions for future queer inquiry and praxis and reflect key terms in performance studies and queer theory that have undergone transformation with the ubiquity of digital technology.     

湖南省社会化养老现状分析

社会化养老是社会发展必然趋势,任何一个较好解决养老问题的国家或地区,其社会化养老程度都比较高,因此,分析湖南社会化养老现状与存在的问题,制订对策,实属必要.     

Image conditions for machine-based face recognition of juvenile faces

Machine-based facial recognition could help law enforcement and other organisations to match juvenile faces more efficiently. It is especially important when dealing with indecent images of children to minimise the workload, and deal with moral and stamina challenges related to human recognition. With growth related changes, juvenile face recognition is challenging. The challenge not only relates to the growth of the child’s face, but also to face recognition in the wild with unconstrained images. The aim of the study was to evaluate how different conditions (i.e. black and white, cropped, blur and resolution reduction) can affect machine-based facial recognition of juvenile age progression. The study used three off-the-shelf facial recognition algorithms (Microsoft Face API, Amazon Rekognition, and Face++) and compared the original images and the age progression images under the four image conditions against an older image of the child. The results showed a decrease in facial similarity with an increased age gap, in comparison to Microsoft; Amazon and Face++ showed higher confidence scores and are more resilient to a change in image condition. The image condition ‘black and white’ and ‘cropped’ had a negative effect across all three APIs. The relationship between age progression images and the younger original image was explored. The results suggest manual age progression images are no more useful than the original image for facial identification of missing children, and Amazon and Face++ performed better with the original image.     

澳大利亚网络安全战略的新内涵与新动向

澳大利亚致力于打造公私部门间"共同领导""共同责任""自我约束"和"自主治理"的网络安全治理新模式,以维护网络空间的安全与稳定、保证国家网络安全、实现数字经济效益的最大化。当前,澳大利亚的网络安全战略正处于转型期,特恩布尔政府在继承既有战略的基础上,对澳大利亚的网络安全战略进行了适时调整,包括增加对"印太地区"的网络安全投入、保持澳美网络安全战略的联动性、提高网络进攻能力以适应互联网军事化需要等。目前,网络空间无政府状态下中美权力的竞争态势正在加剧,澳大利亚的网络安全战略会带有一定的干预主义性质,并向"前沿防御"方向发展。受此影响,澳大利亚的对华网络安全政策可能会面临冲击。但是,中国与澳大利亚的网络安全合作仍在向前发展。虽然中澳网络安全合作仍处于起步阶段,但澳大利亚对中国建设网络强国持欢迎态度,愿意与中国就制定网络行为规范、维护网络空间秩序开展合作。