最高人民法院裁判、司法解释的法律地位

The decisions and the legislative interpretations of judicial interpretations of the Supreme Court of China can be considered as a part of Mainland China’s customary law, and carried by decisions and judicial interpretations. Customary law is the very source of its normal force and they are supposed to be an informal source of the law for they have the required characteristics for substantiating customary law. Accordingly, the legislative judicial interpretations and decisions of the Supreme Court that are qualified to be promulgated in the Gazette of the Supreme Court should be standardized by the requisites of customary law and have the quality supposed to be universally fair. Cao Shibing is a senior judge of the Supreme Court of China majoring in civil law, and he was awarded the doctorate of law by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Till now, he has published an amount of academic works, for instance, On Anti-monopoly Law (1996), Resolve of the Problems in the Suretyship Law of China and its Prospect (2001), On Insolvency Law of China (2003), and his translated book in Chinese (1998) —The Death of Contract (originally written by Grant Gilmore in 1995).     

Detection of Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid in Various Drink Matrices via AccuTOF-DART*

Abstract: A new screening method for detecting gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in drink matrices, using the IonSense, Inc. (Saugus, MA) direct analysis in real time (DART) ion source coupled to a JEOL exact mass time-of-flight mass spectrometer (AccuTOF), was validated and compared with the current screening methodology. The DART ion source allows for analysis of samples under ambient conditions with little to no sample preparation. Fifty drink specimens were spiked at levels of 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/mL GHB, and analyzed on the AccuTOF-DART. Positive detection of GHB occurred for each of the samples at each concentration level, giving 100% accuracy for the samples tested. Twenty-five of the 50 drink specimens were spiked at 1 mg/mL GHB and tested using a color test known as the GHB Color Test #3. Only two of these 25 specimens tested positive for the presence of GHB, giving only 8% accuracy. Implementation of this new methodology as a screening tool for GHB analysis will quickly eliminate negative specimens allowing the examiner to focus analysis time on those that screened positive.     

论爱国主义的时代价值

当代中国,爱国主义的重大主题和根本价值在于推进中国特色社会主义伟大事业。爱国主义是走向国家富强、实现民族复兴的核心精神价值;是坚持中国特色社会主义道路的深厚精神力量;是坚持改革开放、推动科学发展的基本价值准则。     

Suicide by Cop Among Officer-Involved Shooting Cases

Abstract: The frequency and characteristics of suicide by cop cases (SBC) among a large (n = 707) nonrandom sample of North American officer-involved shootings (OIS) were investigated. “Suicide by cop” is when a subject engages in behavior which poses an apparent risk of serious injury or death, with the intent to precipitate the use of deadly force by law enforcement against the subject. Thirty-six percent of the OIS in this sample were found to be SBC with high interrater agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.93) for category classification. SBC cases were more likely to result in the death or injury of the subjects than regular OIS cases. Most SBC cases were spontaneous, but had clear verbal and behavioral indicators that occurred prior to, and during the event. Findings confirm the trend detected in earlier research that there was a growing incidence of SBC among OIS. SBC individuals had a high likelihood of possessing a weapon (80%), which was a firearm 60% of the time. Half of those with a firearm discharged it at the police during the encounter. Nineteen percent simulated weapon possession to accomplish their suicidal intent. Other findings highlight the histories and commonalities in this high risk group.     

知识密集型组织激励机制研究

本文首先对知识型员工的特点进行了分析,然后通过对知识密集型组织中企业和员工之间的委托人-代理人博弈的分析,在员工是风险中性者的假设前提下,建立了一种激励相容约束和参与约束,并在此基础上设计了"租赁经营制"这种薪酬激励机制。     

社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的三大机制

建立科学的引领机制是解决社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的首选之举。动力机制是社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的内力之源；保障机制是社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的现实之选；协调机制是社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮的灵活之策。在坚持一元主导、多元并存的前提下，将三者紧密结合，有利于最大限度地形成社会思想共识，促进社会主义意识形态建设。     

证人出庭作证及相关问题研究

诉讼的直接言词原则要求证人应出庭作证,但现行立法的缺失及配套规范的缺乏,证人出庭成为一大难题.我国应当完善对证人出庭的有关立法,建立限定证人出庭作证的例外规则、证人宣誓制度、询问证人规则等.     

我国中小企业财务管理问题探讨

加强中小企业财务管理不仅仅是中小企业自身发展的需要，更是人世后面对激烈的市场竞争、提高企业核心竞争力的需要。加强中小企业财务管理必须结合中小企业实际，建立有效的财务管理体系，确定适合于企业的财务管理目标。     

口头辩论审理样式分析——以程序效率为视角

口头辩论原本是一种审理程序构造，是对书面主义下书面审理制诉讼程序的反动。在程序构造上，口头辩论审理样式表现为一系列以当事人之间口头诉答和法官听取为内容的口头辩论期日。通过口头方式使口头辩论本身蕴含的诸原则得以贯彻落实，并成为其有序高效运营的机理。以口头辩论审理样式为鉴，我国民事诉讼审理程序应从形式到内容贯彻落实口头审理样式蕴含的诸原则，以便使我国的民事审理程序既具口头辩论审理样式的外衣，也具其有序、高效的程序内涵。     

思想教育工作应同企业文化建设紧密结合

本文从企业文化建设的角度,论述了政治思想教育与企业文化建设的密切关系,分析了思想教育与企业文化建设相结合的途径,通过分析探讨,提出了加强企业文化建设是提升企业核心竞争力的现代企业管理理念。