试析20世纪70年代中越关系剧变原因之苏联因素

20世纪70年代中越关系的变化出人意料,两国在短短的十年时间就从肝胆相照的兄弟变为不共戴天的敌人,促成这一剧变的诸多因素中,苏联因素不容忽视。苏联对第三世界政策的调整,导致其对越南政策的变化,在越南问题上由超然的脱身态度变为积极援助,中苏两国关于援越问题产生矛盾,越南出于自身国家利益考虑,推行有利于自身的倾向性政策,越南在中苏两国关系的天平上倒向了苏联一边。与此同时,苏联调整对社会主义阵营的政策,中苏关系破裂,从而影响中美关系走向,中美和解对中越关系产生诸多负面影响,两国关系交恶,矛盾冲突愈演愈烈,不断升级,最终导致中越处于全面紧张和严重对立状态,两国关系产生戏剧性变化。总之,苏联的全球性进攻战略政策对此期中越关系影响深远。     

干部教育培训科学化水平提升策略探析

干部教育培训的投入是最具经济和社会效益的投入。干部教育培训既是干部人才资源开发系统中的一个基础环节,又是一个重要环节。为此,应以现代成人教育培训规律为指导,提高干部教育培训质量,提升干部教育培训科学化水平。     

我国文化产业的知识产权战略选择

文化产业的核心价值和根本经济增长点就是知识产权利益的实现,如何从知识产权战略实施的角度促进我国文化产业的发展,既是一个有待深入研究的理论问题,又是一个亟待科学解决的现实问题。文化产业实施知识产权战略,有其天然属性和必要性,我国已初步建立起文化产业的知识产权保护体系,但在文化产业知识产权战略实施方面还存在着一定的问题,我国文化产业知识产权战略的实施必须将国内政策选择与国际化策略推行结合起来。     

东北地区人才资源开发与管理的对策研究

通过问卷调查我国东北地区的经济模式和人力资源状况,可以看出我国东北地区存在以下问题:1.人才总量泡沫成分多,大量闲置且极难流动;2.人才效率差,价值低;3.高素质的人才集中在机关和事业单位;4.人才结构与经济结构匹配性较差。针对这些问题可采取以下四点对策:1.以转变观念为先导,探索东北人才开发的新路子,实现新突破;2.创新机制、完善体制,盘活人才资源,进一步打破机制障碍,加快人才开发和管理;3.培养、引进和使用人才相结合;4.跨区域人才合作,促进人才资源共享。     

全球公域战略与北约安全新理念

“全球公域”系指主权国家管辖之外的人类共有资源、区域与领域。全球公域战略是北约为顺应国际安全形势变化所推出的重要举措,也是其为促进自身转型所采取的关键步骤。在全球公域战略新语境下,北约在继承后冷战时期以“进攻性防御”、“全球性防御”和“预防性防御”为逻辑主线的理念前提下,进一步扬弃创新,继而形成以“综合安全”、“相对安全”与“合作安全”为思想内核的安全新理念。在新战略、新理念的指导下,北约充分动员一切可用的军事和民用资源,审慎而有选择地将有限的力量部署在国际海洋、国际空域、外太空与网络空间等不为任何主权国家所有而全人类安全与繁荣所系之域,以保障其成员国的安全利益与战略优势。面对北约“合作加防范”双轨制全球公域战略,中国宜积极回应、力促合作,同时树立防范意识、加快自身能力建设,在维护国家利益的同时与北约携手为全球公域安全治理贡献力量。     

微博犯罪与刑法应对

微博犯罪分为三种基本类型,其中微博作为犯罪对象依然可能,作为犯罪工具最为常见,作为犯罪空间正当其时。微博犯罪的对应罪名体系依据行为性质分为三大类型,内容行为、图利行为和其他行为分别对应数个罪名,各自适用情况有所不同;对微博犯罪具体适用何罪应当重视罪状中的"关键词"扩容,发展其立案追诉标准。未来需要根据微博犯罪罪名、定性和定量三方面的反思对其刑法策略进行系统完善。     

农村警务战略运行成效探析——以贵州为个案研究

实施农村警务战略,延伸公安工作的触角,建立与社会主义新农村建设相适应的新型农村警务机制,是新形势下维护农村地区社会治安稳定,促进农村和谐发展的重要举措。自2006年以来,贵州强力推行农村警务战略,取得了如下阶段性的成效:一是以制度规范为抓手,农村警务建设有序推进;二是警力下沉和警务管理前移,农村治安环境得到优化;三是民警接"地气",警民关系和谐发展;四是以情报信息主导警务为导向,警务模式由传统向现代跨越发展;五是深入实施"创新强警"战略,警务模式推陈出新。     

Terrorism,counter‐terrorism and democracy: The assessment of national security threats

The development of radical Islamist strategic thinking and the impact of post-modern, Western styles of thought upon the ideology that informs that strategy is often overlooked in conventional discussions of homegrown threats from jihadist militants. The propensity to discount the ideology informing both al-Qaeda and nominally non-violent Islamist movements with an analogous political philosophy like Hizb ut-Tahrir neglects the influence that critical Western modes of thought exercise upon their strategic thinking especially in the context of homegrown radicalization. Drawing selectively on non-liberal tendencies in the Western ideological canon has, in fact, endowed Khilaafaism (caliphism) with both a distinctive theoretical style and strategic practice. In particular, it derives intellectual sustenance from a post-Marxist Frankfurt School of critical thinking that in combination with an “English” School of international relations idealism holds that epistemological claims are socially determined, subjective, and serve the interests of dominant power relations. This critical, normative, and constructivist approach to international relations seeks not only to explain the historical emergence of the global order, but also to transcend it. This transformative agenda bears comparison with radical Islamist critiques of Western ontology and is of interest to Islamism's political and strategic thinking. In this regard, the relativist and critical approaches that have come to dominate the academic social sciences since the 1990s not only reflect a loss of faith in Western values in a way that undermines the prospects for a liberal and pluralist polity, but also, through a critical process facilitated by much international relations orthodoxy, promotes the strategic and ideological agenda of radical Islam. It is this curious strategic and ideological evolution that this paper explores.     

Tactical Means,Strategic Ends: Al Qaeda's Use of Denial and Deception

This analysis surveys Al Qaeda's employment of denial and deception (D&D) and shows that it uses D&D on tactical and operational levels in order to achieve strategic results. It defines denial and deception and explains how they relate to Al Qaeda, overviews Al Qaeda's changing network structure and seeks to summarize how Al Qaeda employs D&D throughout its operations. This paper is structured to show that denial and deception are institutionalized factors that manifest themselves through all aspects of bin Laden's organization and that the traditional conception of D&D—that nonstate actors are incapable of employing deception as an element of grand strategy—is incorrect.     

The Electoral Terrorist: Terror Groups and Democratic Participation

Why do some terrorist groups participate in the electoral process but not others? If elections provide some strategic or tactical benefit then we would expect other groups to emulate that strategy. However, we see variation in the adoption of an electoral strategy by terrorist groups. I argue that involvement in territorial disputes and group competition determine whether terrorist groups embrace an electoral strategy. Conflicts involving territorial disputes are more likely to see terrorist groups contest elections because electoral participation may aid in the creation of the independent or autonomous territory they desire. Increased group competition changes the number of actors, which impacts the level and distribution of resources (supporters, finance, and arms) involved in the conflict. When multiple terrorist groups compete, groups are motivated to participate in elections in response to new competitive pressures. This argument is tested using a large-n dataset of 89 terrorist groups in existence during the years 1968–2006 and a case study of Hamas's decision to contest elections.