浅议中央与地方纠纷之协商解决模式

构建中央与地方纠纷的协商解决模式具有极大的可行性,但是同时又面临着极大的理论和实践阻力。尤为要注意的是,学界将这种协商与政治协商作等同的倾向是存在误区的。同时,在法制化的语境中,在“协商之后的法制化”与“法制框架下的协商”之间也体现出了更多的外在制度区别与内在理念融合并存的特点。     

从法医角度看医疗纠纷及其产生的原因与防范

从医疗纠纷鉴定人角度研究医疗纠纷,为相关机构防范医疗纠纷提供思路。医疗纠纷是多种原因引起的,一般采用诉讼方式解决。法医在医疗纠纷的解决中扮演重要角色。在医疗纠纷鉴定中要判定诊疗行为对患者造成的损害后果,判定诊疗行为是否存在医疗过失,判定医疗过失与损害后果之间的因果关系．正确地进行死因分析和证据的取舍认定。在引起医疗纠纷的原因中,以技术性、责任心、医患交流不足等方面的原因居多。医护人员应提高自身的业务水平、责任心及服务质量;加强医患交流,建立畅通的医患沟通渠道;增强自我法律防护意识,建立健全的医疗规章管理制度。     

评《侵权责任法》中的医疗损害责任

分析医疗损害责任纳入《侵权责任法》积极和消极意义的基础上,阐述了医疗纠纷的法律适用,并从解构医患法律关系入手,提出了坚持医疗纠纷中对医方宽容与对患者救济并行。构建医患法律关系的立法趋势。     

非政府组织介入WTO争端解决机制的实证分析及其利弊考量

WTO争端解决机制正式运作以来,许多非政府组织不断以向争端解决机构提交“法庭之友”陈述的方式介入到争端解决程序中来。一方面,非政府组织的介入可以提请法官注意到争端当事方可能忽略的法律、环保、人权等问题,提高裁决的质量并增强WTO的透明度;另一方面,这种介入也可能会给当事方造成额外的诉讼负担,影响裁决的效率等等。因此,如何在允许非政府组织以“法庭之友”身份介入争端解决机制的情况下做到公平与效率的平衡才是我们所要解决的根本问题。     

浅议农村土地补偿费分配纠纷的受案范围

近年来,土地补偿费分配问题导致的农村基层纠纷日益成为法律冲突中的焦点,司法机关如何在尊重农村集体经济组织分配自主权与保护农民合法权益之间进行取舍,也日益成为难点。其中,法院应否受理农村土地补偿费分配纠纷,由于法律法规的规定不尽明确,司法解释亦不一致,导致不同地域法院的受理情况各不相同。根据最高人民法院有关农村土地补偿费分配纠纷案件的最新司法解释,目前可从补偿费用分配纠纷的内涵和民事法律关系两个角度,来分别确定该类纠纷的受案范围。     

越南劳动争议处理法律制度初探

越南是东盟重要的成员国之一,自古以来,其法律制度一直受到中国法律文化的影响,但由于国情的差异。越南现行的劳动争议处理制度体现出强烈的民族性和区域性特点,形式上结构严谨、体例科学,内容上考虑全面、与时俱进。作为邻邦,越南劳动争议处理法律制度的某些方面值得我们借鉴,以促进我国的法制建设。     

Third-Party Intermediaries and Negotiated Settlements, 1946–2000

Past studies regarding the success and/or failure of conflict management activities have brought about a wide range of results. In this paper we attempt to gain more definitive conclusions about effectiveness by accomplishing two tasks. First, using a basic theoretical framework we identify expectations of efficacy as they relate to differences between states, coalitions, and IGOs. Second, we also examine the utility of different conflict management techniques in an effort to place in greater perspective the effectiveness of mediation, the most utilized technique of third party intermediaries. Using a new dataset on third-party intermediary behavior in militarized disputes from 1946 to 2000, we find that while all conflict managers are useful in assisting belligerents in reaching a negotiated settlement, IGOs are the most effective. Additionally, while mediation is an effective technique to produce settlements, military intermediary actions, such as peacekeeping, are much more useful.     

External Intervention in Ethnic Conflict

Recently, ethnicity has received greater attention from international conflict scholars. This study explores a new aspect of how ethnic composition of states and the power of ethnic kin affect external state interventions in ethnic conflicts. Here it is hypothesized that states with dominant ethnic groups but still-significant ethnic minorities are expected to be more prone to intervention in ethnic conflict than states without one of these two characteristics. A new measure is proposed to capture such variation in ethnic composition more precisely. Looking at large-N panel data, it is found that ethnically fractionalized states with dominant ethnic groups are indeed the most likely to intervene in ethnic conflicts. Additionally, the power of the embattled ethnic kin minority, as determined by its settlement patterns in the host state, also increases the likelihood of intervention. Traditional variables like proximity and capability retain statistical significance. However, ethnic variables have the strongest effects on interventions in ethnic conflict.     

Cultivating Dialogue: From Fragmentation to Relationality in Conflict Interaction

This article builds on the tendency in recent decades in the field of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) to analyze conflict and its transformation from a relational perspective. It surveys developments in twentieth‐century philosophy that support the ongoing quest to explore the self in ADR from a relational perspective. It then shows how the concept of dialogue provides a framework for understanding conflict transformation from a relational perspective, by exploring the relational foundations of dialogue. It also draws a connection between the growing use of mindfulness practices in conflict settings and the practice of dialogue, suggesting that Buddhist philosophy and practices can help cultivate relational awareness and dialogue. The article therefore suggests that incorporating dialogue and exploring its relational characteristics can assist ADR scholars and practitioners to develop further practices that can promote collaboration by shifting disputants from adversarial and fragmented orientations to more relational mindsets.     

工会参与群体劳动争议处理的法律保障

群体劳动争议因其争议主体的集体性和组织性、争议内容的多元性和争议手段的集体对抗性而内在地需要工会作为劳方代表参与争议解决。然而,在行政主导的争议处理机制下,忽视了规范化的制度建设,工会的角色定位不明晰,再加上工会自身存在较大缺陷,集体劳动关系协调机制与群体劳动争议解决机制不衔接,造成了工会难以参与群体劳动争议处理的困境。因此,需要完善相关制度,确立三方机制的处理方式,明确工会在群体劳动争议处理中的法律地位,制定工会参与的具体形式、条件和程序,克服工会自身缺陷,构建群体劳动争议解决机制与集体劳动关系协调机制对接制度。