警察介入医患纠纷之利弊考量

我国当前医疗纠纷数量逐年上升，一些地方为了避免甚至压制医患矛盾聘请警察充任医院副院长。警察入驻医院涉嫌公共警力资源滥用，不利于消除医患矛盾，也给我国纠纷解决机制提供了“反面”教材。医患矛盾主要是因为医疗纠纷缺乏调解机制，国家应当提供法制化、程序化的医疗纠纷、矛盾解决渠道。     

IS THE TURN TOWARD COLLABORATIVE LAW A TURN AWAY FROM JUSTICE?

The new trend in Collaborative Family Law (CFL) in the United States and Canada raises new questions about theories of justice. CFL achieves many of the goals of a viable theory of justice and its implicit critique of the legal system is a valid one. However, it unnecessarily demonizes law and has yet to explicitly articulate where it fits in terms of its own theory of justice. After considering the claims made by CFL, it is apparent that while some are productive, others are problematic and should be discarded. Specifically, CFL's rejection of factual determinacy may be inappropriate in some cases. The CFL approach has the potential to ignore problems of power imbalance, and may sacrifice just outcomes for the sake of efficiency. The emphasis on relationships and the need for their protection is not always an appropriate approach, and in demonizing law in favor of private ordering, CFL unnecessarily rejects the importance of law as a site for public participation in the creation and defense of norms. CFL is an important step forward in law reform, but if it is to fulfill its potential, it needs to incorporate within its practice a theory of justice that avoids the pitfalls of liberal individualism and allows for the public authorship of norms.     

WTO争端解决机制与律师的作用

WTO与其他国际机构最大的区别之一 ,就是它有一个争端解决机制。根据WTO机制的运作情况和WTO各成员国参与机制的具体经验 ,我国律师应当积极参与各级政府有关外贸法规和政策的制定与清理 ,保证其符合WTO规则 ,并最大限度地利用WTO机制 ,为政府的外贸部门和有对外贸易经营权的公司、企业提供与预防和解决争端有关的法律咨询与服务。     

军内行政诉讼研究

与军内刑事诉讼和军内民事诉讼不同,军内行政诉讼不仅在法律规范中得不到承认,而且在事实上也未曾开展,仍然处在理论上的探索阶段。因此,对于军内行政诉讼的范围、根据和配套制度等问题的理论探讨,便成为军事法学界的重要课题。     

Creativity in Court‐Connected Mediation: Myth or Reality?

In this study, we examined creativity in court‐connected mediation. We analyzed 129 mediated agreements from civil cases in Norway and Denmark and compared the outcomes with the parties' original claims to determine whether the agreement addressed only the disputants' demands or contained other elements. If the mediated agreements contained elements in addition to the original claims, we considered them to be “creative.” We devised a creativity scale and found that approximately two thirds of the cases contained creative elements and one quarter of them contained more than five creative elements. We then sought to determine which aspects of the mediation promoted creativity by looking at a variety of mediation characteristics (length of mediation, characteristics of the parties, etc.). We found that lengthier mediations tended to feature more creativity as did cases that involved two private individuals rather than businesses. Cases whose issues involved inheritance as well as the division of property following divorce seemed to foster the highest levels of creativity. Finally, we found that the amount of money at issue also seemed to be relevant: the highest levels of creativity were found in cases in which more money was at stake. In this article, we also discuss the implications of our findings for future research, practice, and training.     

完善我国医疗损害鉴定制度的思考

医疗鉴定意见在医疗纠纷案件的定性和裁判中具有十分重要的地位.我国现行的医疗鉴定制度由医学会组织的医疗事故技术鉴定和司法鉴定机构组织的医疗过错司法鉴定两者并存,形成了医疗鉴定制度“二元化”的现象.《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》的施行虽然消除了医疗损害赔偿案件适用法律的“二元化”问题,但医疗鉴定制度的“二元化”现象并没有被打破.探讨建立“一元化”的医疗鉴定制度,并引入专家辅助人制度对“一元化”医疗鉴定制度进行监督和辅助,希望在寻求司法公正与效率的基础上建立更加科学、完善、合理的医疗鉴定体制.     

韩国医疗纠纷调解立法及对我国的启示

为有效化解医疗纠纷、救济医疗损害从而为医务人员创造一个安宁的诊疗环境,韩国出台了《关于医疗事故损害救济及医疗纠纷调解等的法律》。依据该法律之规定,韩国设立了医疗纠纷调解仲裁院,在调解仲裁院下设医疗纠纷调解委员会和医疗事故鉴定团,实施新的医疗纠纷调解仲裁制度。该法律还规定了医疗损害赔偿互助制度、医疗损害无过失补偿制度及代偿制度等。     

Russia's priorities in the Pacific

While Japan’s increased use of the WTO dispute settlement system since 1995 is now widely acknowledged, much less clear are the reasons and motivations behind the specific complaints filed by the Japanese government. An examination of Japan’s complaints between 1995 and 2002 reveals that they have been undertaken almost exclusively on behalf of two sectors, namely automobiles and especially steel. What accounts for the concentration of Japan’s complainant activity in these sectors and not others? In drawing a direct link from domestic politics to the heart of the WTO dispute settlement system, this essay stresses the importance of sectoral lobbying and pressures. It shows concretely how politically organized and institutionally privileged sectors such as Japanese steel have become a major driving force in Japan’s WTO strategy overall. These results are important for considering why there may be far more interaction between state, sectoral, and electoral interests than is normally suspected in the WTO dispute settlement processes.     

刑事和解法律文本中“民间纠纷”的规范分析

“民间纠纷”一词是我国政法机关化解社会矛盾政策的产物,与调解制度密切相关.民间纠纷在我国宪法乃至所有法律中使用的语境、类型具有同一性,可界定为：公民之间有关人身、财产权益和其他日常生活、工作中发生的纠纷.延续历史、贯彻政策、总结实践是新《刑事诉讼法》将刑事和解范围限定为“民间纠纷”的三点因素.在刑事诉讼法律文本中,民间纠纷具有限缩刑事和解范围的功能.     

论我国技术转让法律制度的完善——以美欧在WTO相关诉告为背景

为遏制我国进一步发展,美国和欧盟相继在WTO起诉我国存在“强制技术转让”。在澄清国内法律与WTO规则相符性的同时,我国已意识到完善技术转让法律制度的内生需要与此次美欧起诉具有相关性:我国并未出台专门的技术转让法,有关措施散见于诸多法律条文而妨碍了制度的整体效用。此外,我国未全面利用WTO例外规定对发展中国家的保护,致使本国劣势企业负担过高义务。为创设公平的技术转让法治环境并避免发达国家滥用技术保护,我国需整合有关法律规范,修正过时规定,依据技术转让所涉的贸易和投资不同属性区别立法,并积极通过国际规则寻求优惠待遇。