和谐社会背景下我国劳动争议处理模式的创新

和谐劳动关系是构建和谐社会的内在要求,和谐的劳动关系有赖于劳动争议处理模式的积极有为和高效运转。由于片面强调劳动争议的私法性,导致我国目前的劳动争议处理模式面临一些困境。解决问题的出路在于我国劳动争议处理模式的创新,即针对不同性质的劳动争议分别采取民事诉讼、行政诉讼和强制劳动仲裁的方式来处理。     

治安调解研究引论

治安调解在公安派出所工作中占有举足轻重的地位,然而,它的重要性未被真正看清,现行的工作考评方式影响着治安调解的成效。治安调解绝不仅仅是治安案件查处中对《条例》第5条的运用,它还有一般矛盾纠纷的调解、轻伤害案件中的调解等形式。治安调解不成则予以治安管理处罚,实质上等于取消了治安案件查处中的调解处理方式,不宜提倡。     

劳动争议处理制度中若干亟待解决的法律问题

我国现行的劳动争议处理体制是根据1993年<企业劳动争议处理条例>建立起来的,2000年<中华人民共和国立法法>颁布后,<企业劳动争议处理条例>的合法性遭到质疑.劳动争议调解和劳动争议仲裁中有许多问题需要法律予以明确,劳动争议处理制度呼唤新的立法.     

DNA指纹技术在强奸案和亲子鉴定中的应用

在同一张膜上测定了18例无关个体血样,并计算出α-珠蛋白-3'HVR探针DNA指纹图的相关机率为4.0×10~(-12),平均每条谱带的相关机率为0.21。用此探针检验的14起强奸案和6起亲子鉴定案均获得肯定的结论。     

医疗纠纷的法医临床学鉴定

目的：剖析医疗纠纷产生的原因;介绍法医介入鉴定的法律依据,法医学鉴定的特点,赔偿的方法,存在的问题等;在最终减少案件发生的前提下,妥善地处理此类诉讼案件。方法：对46例医疗纠纷案件进行回顾性研究,将其按案件的性质、涉及的器官、引起的后果等归类。分析。结果：80％的案例其医疗行为与最终的不良后果之间存在着因果关系,原因包括手术医师对手术区域局部解剖结构分辨不清等技术性因素以及医护人员粗心大意、责任心不强等责任性因素;20％无因果关系。结论：临床医师应与其他行业一样为其所实施的医疗行为承担一定的法律责任。医疗纠纷作为一种特殊的民事侵权行为,在进行民事诉讼赔偿时,法医有必要对其中的因果关系进行评定,以保护双方当事人的合法权益。     

论非政府组织在国际争议解决机制中的作用

现代非政府组织在国际诉讼程序以及WTO争端解决机制中均扮演着极其重要的作用,尤其是以“法庭之友”身份出现,虽然尚未能够成为一个国际法主体,但在某种程度上作为一个独立的法律人格者而出现。我国应借鉴国际争议解决机制中的相关做法对我国法院的审判活动进行规范和完善。     

我国劳动争议仲裁制度的不足及完善

劳动争议仲裁是解决劳动争议的一条重要途径。随着经济的发展和劳动争议数量的增加,我国现行劳动争议仲裁制度存在着立法规格不高、内容不完善、组织机构不健全等不足。完善现行劳动争议仲裁制度,应该实行裁审脱钩的双轨制,加强劳动争议仲裁机构建设,确定劳动争议案的执行措施和配套措施,真正体现劳动争议仲裁制度公正、经济的价值取向。     

中德社会保障争议处理制度比较研究

中德两国在历史发展过程中逐步形成了各自独特的社会争议处理制度和模式。德国社会法院作为专门审理社会保障争议的特殊行政法院，体现了法律保护的缜密性和司法的高度专业性，适应了社会保障争议多，内容纷繁复杂，技术性、专业性强的现实需要。中国社会保障争议处理法律制度则处于形成发展阶段，因争议种类、主体不同而设置了不同的解决争议的机构，采用了不同的法律制度、程序和处理原则。本文以两国现行社会争议处理法律规定作为比较标准，按照社会争议处理的程序，分别从社会争议的范围界定、行政处理程序和制度、法院处理程序和制度三方面进行了比较研究，为中国社会保障争议处理制度提供借鉴和启示。     

Creating Stable Agreements in Marine Policy: Learning from the California South Coast Marine Life Protection Act Initiative

In this article, we examine the California South Coast Marine Life Protection Act Initiative stakeholder process, evaluate its shortcomings, and consider what could have been done differently. Our objective is to make recommendations to improve future multi‐stakeholder marine policy processes. In our view, while the South Coast stakeholder process had many positive outcomes, it failed to reach what we call here a “stable agreement.” Our analysis is based on two of the authors’ involvement (one as a facilitator and the other as a stakeholder representative) in the process and a post‐hoc survey of participants. We find that several ill‐advised process design and management choices significantly destabilized the negotiations, leading to an ultimately unstable agreement. We highlight four major problematic process design and management decisions, including the following: representation on the multi‐stakeholder group was imbalanced, the pre‐meeting caucuses were not paired with training in interest‐based negotiation, adequate incentives to negotiate toward a consensus agreement were not provided, and the use of straw voting at one point in the process was unclear and inconsistent. As a result of these and other process design and management flaws, many stakeholders believed that the process was biased and that their ends would be better achieved by anchoring negotiations and engaging in positional bargaining. Ultimately, this meant that near‐consensus on a single cross‐interest marine protected area proposal was not reached, the scientific guidelines put forth were not fully met, the process was not and is not viewed as fair by the stakeholders directly or indirectly involved, and the marine protected area regulations lack broad‐scale support. These pitfalls of the South Coast stakeholder process could have been avoided had the management and facilitation team consistently followed best practices in dispute resolution. We recommend that future marine planning processes learn from this example, particularly those occurring in highly complex, urban ocean environments.     

多元化纠纷解决机制构建的法理基础

多元化纠纷解决机制是由诉讼的与非诉讼的、官方的与民间的等多种纠纷解决方式内在关联所组成的有机系统。社会存在本身的有机性和社会现象的复杂性,是多元化纠纷解决机制的本体论基础;我国现实社会矛盾的多元化性质,是多元化纠纷解决机制的现实基础;具体问题具体分析的方法是多元化纠纷解决机制的方法论基础;而我国历史上解决社会矛盾纠纷的多样化方法则是多元化纠纷解决机制的历史基础。