人民信访制度的现代重构

人民信访是具有中国特色的民愿表达和纠纷解决机制,它在当前面临着法律上和现实上的困境,需要积极进行重新设计和调整.建立人大主导之下的一元信访体制,是比较合理和可行的选择.在健全国家层面信访监督的同时,还要注意调动和发挥其他相关制度的积极作用.     

劳动争议仲裁裁决不予执行司法审查程序存废之检讨

劳动争议仲裁属于社会主义和谐劳动关系话语体系下的法定仲裁,与以民间合意自治为基础的商事仲裁无制度生成上的关联性.研究认为:劳动争议仲裁裁决不予执行是基于协议仲裁的一裁终局属性所生成的救济途径,不应适用于作为诉讼前置程序的劳动争议仲裁,并易造成重复救济,对效率和保护弱势劳动者的价值追求目标造成损害;相关司法解释为追求社会...     

海南农垦土地权属管理存在的问题与对策研究

海南农垦土地权属管理取得了一定的成果,但也存在着土地纠纷调处管理机构设置不科学;土地权属纠纷较多,特别是场社纠纷中存在的部分历史遗留问题一直没有得到解决,＂退场纠纷＂时有发生,农场已经确权登记发证的土地被周边农民占用又引发新的纠纷导致土地确权工作难度较大,土地确权发证工作不到位等问题,因此,应当完善土地权属纠纷调处机制,有针对性地设置专门的土地纠纷调处机构,统一具体纠纷案件的调处部门,科学划分职责权限,着力解决农垦土地纠纷,在此基础上加强农垦土地确权、登记发证工作。     

WTO争端解决机制的强制性及对内国法的影响

WTO争端解决机制因其以规则导向为主的司法模式、强制管辖权和强制执行力等独特性区别于GATT的争端解决机制,克服了长期为学者所诟病的“软弱性”,使其强制性得以确立和加强,并被认为是对传统国际法的一种突破和发展。以规则导向为主的司法模式为WTO争端解决报告实现对内国法律之影响提供了一种可能;进而,随着强制管辖权和强制执行力的确立,这种可能性上升为一种必然性,这种影响无论在力度、广度,还是深度上均强于ICJ和NAFTA。事实上,WTO争端解决报告也迫使或促使多个主权国家撤销或修改其法律法规以符合WTO义务,其对成员方内国法的影响不可谓不大。     

论中国如何利用《联合国海洋法公约》有拘束力争端解决制度

有拘束力争端解决制度是《联合国海洋法公约》争端解决制度的第二步．穷尽第一步即争端方通过自身努力用和平方式解决争端，或依靠外力如斡旋、和解、仲裁等之后才能适用。谊制度适用于南海争端。中国应在南沙群岛划定领海基线，运用跳出机制，申请临时措施，要求船员或船只迅速释放。依靠“历史性权利”声索海域权利等方面更好地利用有拘束力争端解决制度。     

Medical Legal Dispute in Hospitals of Different Grades:A Retrospective Study on206Cases

Objective To analyze the characteristics of medical malpractice from different grades of hos- pitals and to explore forensic investigation strategies in assessing medical dispute. Methods A total of 206 cases of medical dispute from 2009 to 2010 investigated by the Department of Forensic Medicine in Nanjing Medical University were selected and analyzed according to fault incidence, fault-prone part, and degree of causality in the treatment. Results Among the 206 cases analyzed, tertiary hospitals, sec- ondary hospitals and primary hospitals showed medium, high and low error rate, respectively. A majority of medical malpractice cases were distributed in the departments of surgery, medicine and gynecology. Conclusion The frequency and severity of medical malpractice in primary hospitals were high, which were gradually reduced in tertiary and secondary hospitals.     

An exercise in scientific problem-solving: Illustrating the utility of the principles of the Sydney Declaration

In forensic science, scientific problem-solving is characterized by the recognition of traces as part of iterative reasoning processes to assign meaning to those traces in order to interpret and reconstruct events. Through a set of fundamental principles, the Sydney Declaration presents a foundation of forensic science through the lens of a scientist. The distinction between a scientist and a technician may require clarification—where a prototypical technician follows a prescribed set of ‘standard operating procedures’ and may be limited in the interpretation of the resultant data, the scientist utilizes knowledge, skills, experience and imagination to identify the issue at hand and develop lines of inquiry for testing and interpretation. This case report draws on the Sydney Declaration in order to highlight the importance of learning about events from careful consideration of both obvious and less obvious traces. A case involving the assault of a police officer is examined to illustrate the use of the Principles: the problem originally defined by investigators at the scene and later by prosecutors resulted in incorrect analysis and interpretation of traces, hampering efforts at an accurate reconstruction of events. This exercise serves to demonstrate that in order to engage in scientific problem-solving, it is necessary to apply observation and reasoning in forensic investigations in order to yield an outcome that can be clearly articulated. The overarching goal is to support the drive to improve forensic science practice, education, and research through a case illustrating the value of the principles of the Sydney Declaration.     

以国际商事法庭为核心的我国“一站式”国际商事纠纷解决机制建设

我国提出建立诉讼、调解、仲裁有效衔接的多元化"一站式"国际商事纠纷解决机制。国际商事法庭作为该机制的核心不仅要扩张其管辖,还需要对调解和仲裁提供司法支持和监督,并深化国际商事专家委员会的职能。国际商事纠纷解决机制需要配套程序法的国际化,为此要引入国际化的商事调解,完善国际商事仲裁法律制度,民事诉讼法也要有所突破和创新,并在多双边层面推动国际商事调解协议和判决的跨境执行。     

Think territory politically: the making and escalation of Beijing’s commitment to Sovereignize Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands

In popular narratives, intellectual and media analysts believe the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands dispute between China and Japan is a contestation for potential hydrocarbon reserves and other maritime rights which are per se divisible, but nationalism – particularly on China side – and relative power change between the two competing claimants make these territories increasingly indivisible and the dispute war-prone. Based on a review over People's Daily’s coverage of the disputes and other secondary information, this article reveals a different scenario by highlighting the political meanings of disputed territories for national cohesion and regime self-preservation. It finds, Beijing’s strategic moves in the disputes are influenced by its efforts at different occasions to de-legitimate Republic of China at Taiwan and defend its core interests – namely Taiwan and the "One-China" principle, to appease the patriotism in Hong Kong and facilitate the latter’s stable reversion to China in 1990s, and what is more, to rally popular support at home. In addition, Beijing’s Diaoyu/Senkaku strategy did not follow a carefully calculated path, but was mostly reactive to the contingencies and ultimately took shape through the incremental accumulation of previous policies and behaviours.     

纠纷解决的社会结构与调解——基于剑河县林权纠纷的调解实践

文章借助美国学者布莱克的案件社会结构理论,侧重于从微观社会学角度分析调解所处的纠纷解决社会结构,通过对当地最为典型的林权纠纷各类型的性质、起因及结构要素不同组合方式进行剖析,展示出纠纷解决的社会结构对调解运行的深刻影响:纠纷当事人之间目前的熟识或面熟关系使纠纷趋于依据大量民风、民俗和伦理道德等地方性知识,运用调解方式解决;纠纷双方当事人之间的经济、社会、文化等方面的常规资本和个人性格、气质等非常规资本的分布、组合状况有力地制约着调解结果;一方或双方的支持者常常在调解中起着重要作用,有时会改变调解的走向,甚至决定着调解的成败。