Sexual victimization against transgender women in prison: Consent and coercion in context

In this article, we conjoin two long‐standing lines of inquiry in criminology—the study of prison life and the study of sexual assault—by using original qualitative and quantitative data from 315 transgender women incarcerated in 27 California men's prisons. In so doing, we advance an analysis of the factors and processes that shape their experience of sexual victimization in prison. The results of qualitative analysis of 198 reported incidents of sexual victimization exhibit a range of types of sexual victimization experienced by transgender women in prison and reveal the centrality of relationships to their experiences of victimization. Findings from logistic regression models buttress the qualitative results, highlighting a factor that consistently and powerfully indicates vulnerability to sexual victimization is involvement in consensual sexual relationships with male prisoners. Together, the data demonstrate the prominence of intimate partner violence in prison, complicate the distinction between consent and unwanted sexual experiences in the lives of transgender women in prisons for men, and shine a light on the workings of gender in a total institution that privileges heteronormativity at the expense of the safety of transgender women in prisons for men. We discuss the implications of our findings in light of timely policy concerns.     

A voice or a choice? Children’s views on participating in decisions about post-separation contact with domestically abusive fathers

ABSTRACT

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child explicitly calls for children to be granted the right to participate in legal proceedings that affect them. Despite this legal obligation and an evolving consensus that recognises children as social and competent actors, this rhetoric has struggled to achieve translation into meaningful practice reality, particularly when decisions are being made about contact arrangements for children where there has been a prior history of domestic violence. Drawing on the narratives of children who participated in three separate research projects in Ireland between 2009 and 2015, this paper will consider the manner in which they were involved in the decision-making process and the extent to which their views were ascertained and their voices heard. This paper concludes by raising the key question of how the child’s best interests can be served if the child’s views are not sought, heard or considered.     

Culture in transition: Awareness and appropriate response to domestic violence among Hmong American college students

This explanatory study examined Hmong college students’ experience, awareness, and appropriate response to domestic violence in the Hmong community, using a survey (n?=?231) at one of the largest Hmong-serving institutions in the United States. Findings indicated that 32.8% of Hmong college women had some violence from their romantic partners and two thirds of Hmong college men and women were aware of violence in the Hmong community. Those young generation Hmong reported that the most appropriate method to solve conflicts within the Hmong community is through the traditional clan system. These results can be used to begin formulating research-based cultural competence education for providers in the criminal justice system and facilitate discussions on youth perceptions.     

关于法学实践性教学的课堂内探索--以亲属法学为例

现行法学教育的教学方法在很大程度上存在着简单化、与实践脱节及教学手段单一的问题 ,以至学生学习机械、被动 ,严重影响学习兴趣 ,教学效果也不甚理想。作者尝试着将实践性教学方法引进亲属法学的课堂内 ,强调学生在学习中的主动性和互动性 ,鼓励讨论、质疑、带着问题学习的学习方式 ,启发学生思考问题的能力 ,培养和训练学生实际解决问题的能力 ,从而掌握本学科的基本理论和专业知识 ,具备运用所学知识认识和处理相关问题的技能。     

论WTO体系下农业补贴的特殊安排及未来展望

与WTO《补贴协定》及GATT1994相比,在总体规范方法、概念、规则结构、救济等方面,《农业协定》采取了一套独特的规制方式,但在WTO农业补贴争端中,《补贴协定》、GATT1994与《农业协定》常被共同适用于农业补贴。此举强化了对农业补贴的规制,但农业补贴是否,以及在多大程度上继续享有特殊地位和待遇,最终应由成员谈判确定。在未来一段时期内,特殊的农业补贴规则将继续存在,我国在参与WTO农业谈判、诉讼,调整国内农业政策时,应给予充分重视。     

人事诉讼判决效力的扩张与第三人程序保障

为保持身份关系的稳定,实现社会秩序的和谐,诸多国家都赋予了人事诉讼判决的对世效力,它是判决"相对效原则"的例外。通过检察官参与人事诉讼、限制适用辩论主义、实行职权探知等特别"法则"的施行,为人事诉讼判决既判力的扩张提供了依据。但从施行这些特别法则国家的司法实践来看,难以实现对案外第三人利益的保护。在固守人事诉讼判决"对世效力"为基本原则的同时,应另辟它路实现对法律地位受到影响的第三人的程序保障。     

国际法律秩序演变下国内法院的角色转换

国内法院在国际法律秩序中扮演了一种独特的角色。随着国际法从国家间的自助体制走向国际社会的规则体制的演变,国内法院成为了国内与国际法律秩序之间的“守门员”。国内法院阐明和适用国际法律规范,并通过司法审查职权监督其他国家机关遵守国际法;国家法律秩序的最新演变进一步使国内法院在一定意义上成了“国际的法院”,特别是,随着普遍管辖原则、国际人权法与国际司法体制的新发展,国内法院在某种程度上成了国际法律秩序的“代理机构”甚至“基层法院”。国内法院毕竟是国内机构,但它在国际法律秩序发展中的潜能值得关注。     

家务劳动的女权主义批判考察

家务劳动是人类社会的基本劳动方式之一.但在现代社会,这种劳动的无酬性使之日益被社会所轻视.同时,家务劳动承担上的社会性别失衡性使得女性的发展被进一步阻碍.20世纪以来,女权主义对家务劳动进行了深入的探讨与批判.对这些批判性理论的考察将有助于我们吸取其合理价值,促进我国的法制建设.     

家庭冷暴力的法律规制

家庭冷暴力属于精神暴力,它是与身体暴力、性暴力并存的家庭暴力形式。目前,我国在防治家庭冷暴力方面存在如立法缺失、司法界定难、追究法律责任难等诸多困境。因此,应尽快出台《家庭暴力防治法》,明确家庭冷暴力的法律责任,实行举证责任倒置原则,扩大证据形式,赋予受害人精神损害赔偿的权利,不断完善我国家庭立法,进而保护受害者的合法权益。     

Women＇s Oppression in the Family-based Mode of Production： Reading The Main Enemy： A Materialist Analysis of Women＇ s Oppression

克里丝汀·德尔菲在《主要的敌人：女性压迫的唯物主义分析》中,从女性介入的独特生产关系—家庭生产方式中找到了女性受压迫的物质性根源,使对女性问题的分析深深地扎根于历史唯物主义的理论领域,从而在马克思主义与女性主义之间找到了结合点,为解决当时女性主义面临的理论难题,进行了有益的尝试。