The sketch of Brazil’s grand strategy under the Workers’ Party (2003–2016): Domestic and international constraints

After passage of the 1988 Constitution of Brazil, successive democratic governments worked to build bridges between the nation’s foreign policy and its defence strategy, thus fostering a dialogue among administrations and constituencies under the aegis of the rule of law. It was under the Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff administrations that Brazil laid out a grand strategy, implementation of which was interrupted by the controversial impeachment proceedings of 2016. The argument unfolds from a consideration of Brazil’s development model and domestic politics as key structural variables in analysing the challenges faced in the conception and implementation of its grand strategy. The article is organised into two sections: (1) The sketch of a grand strategy: when Brazil’s foreign and defence policies converged; (2) An ambition frustrated? Or, the impact of Brazil’s development model and domestic politics on the conception and implementation of its grand strategy.     

Child Protection Intervention in Domestic Violence: An Illustrative Case Narrative

This is a case study, written from the point of view of child protection caseworkers, about their work with one family. They draw on practices originating in solution-focused and brief therapy, response-based theory, and relationship-based practice. The goal is to implement practices that (a) hold the perpetrator accountable rather than the victim, (b) attempt to avoid putting the mother in a position of having to choose between partner and children, (c) capitalize on child protection's unusual mandate in order to provide support for the mother, and (d) position the professional as a supportive ally of the mother and children instead of relying on the investigative stance. The case is an instance of how these goals and principles are operationalized. Examples of their choices include holding the perpetrator accountable instead of the mother, (a) focusing on what the mother is already doing to protect the children rather than what she is not doing, (b) placing the Ministry of Children and Family Development between the perpetrator and the victim, (c) avoiding forcing the mother to choose between her children and her partner, and (d) attending to the qualities of the relationship with the mother.     

关于新时期经保工作体系构建的思考

经保工作是公安工作的重要组成部分,承担着经济文化领域的安全保卫工作。在新形势下,如何构建经保工作体系,是亟待研究和解决的全新课题。要做好新时期的内保工作,必须转变观念,树立经保工作的新理念;统一职能,理顺机构;不断提升服务企事业单位的能力和水平;理顺体制,责权明晰,分层管理;全面建立单位内部治安保卫工作新机制;适应新形势,探索新模式;打防结合,标本兼治,充分发挥内保部门职能作用。     

后危机时代中国经济发展方式的转型

金融危机后,世界经济的生产、消费和能源使用模式都发生了新的变化。世界经济变化的主要趋势是发展动力回归实体经济;发达经济体普遍调整经济发展战略,从消费驱动型增长转向出口驱动型增长;各国普遍把以"低碳经济"为核心的新技术开发作为经济发展的主题。中国以低工资劳动力优势参与国际竞争的发展模式,给中国带来了越来越多的社会问题。为适应世界经济发展的新趋势,中国必须重新思考中国经济发展的意义和方向,改变出口导向型发展模式,转向以内需为主的经济发展模式。提高劳动者收入、减少贫富差距和建立社会保障机制是实现以内需为主的经济发展模式的基本途径。     

东亚安全结构中的日本及其战略选择

随着冷战的结束和中国的和平崛起,日本在东亚地区的战略选择正处于至关重要的十字路口。进入21世纪以来,日本国内精英层对东亚安全中日本的定位基本上可分为三个派别:"现实主义派""东亚共同体派"和"脱离对美从属派"。日本国内精英界有关东亚战略选择的讨论也呈多元化的趋势。在官方层面,自2012年上台的安倍政权的战略选择徘徊于"对美从属"和"自主独立"之间。值得注意的是,日本国家战略的具体落实往往受到其国内政治、美国的态度和其自身文化思维——身份认同和非理性因素的制约未来日本的战略走向,将取决于美国在东亚地区的实力消长、日本国内政治的变化以及日本自身对其身份认同的调整。     

The limits of EU governance: Belarus's response to the European Neighbourhood Policy

The article examines some conceptual and practical tensions related to the application of the external governance framework to the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) in less motivated states, such as Belarus. First, it critically analyses the foundations of the external governance framework – from M. Smith's perspective – in order to suggest that the failure of the ENP to legitimize in Belarus should not be solely attributed to the vices of Lukashenko's regime. Second, it argues that an understanding of specifically Belarusian ‘boundaries of order’ – geopolitics and culture – is essential for tailoring a more nuanced policy that will be able to accommodate the needs and interests of ‘less motivated’ ENP partner states. In conclusion, it is suggested that a new policy framework – of extended partnership – should be more technical and less political, based on horizontal networks of cooperation rather than on hitherto hierarchical governance by conditionality that has found little appeal in the less motivated neighbourhood. Can an Eastern Partnership framework become such an alternative?     

比较法视野下的国际私法渊源——兼论一般国际惯例不是国际私法的渊源

本文以比较法的视角探讨了国际私法的国内渊源和国际渊源。国内渊源包括国内制定法、国内判例法和国内习惯法,国际渊源主要是双边和多边的国际条约。关于国际习惯是否是国际私法的渊源,本文在对国际习惯和国际惯例加以辨析后指出：只有国际习惯法规则才具有法律约束力,才有可能成为法的渊源;一般国际惯例因不具有法律约束力而绝不可能成为法的渊源,遑论国际私法的渊源。     

Identifying intentions: Latvian policy-makers’ perceptions of Russia’s intentions

There is much disagreement on the specific aspects of behavior that are the most useful for estimating intentions of potential adversaries. One view is that military capabilities are the most useful. Alternative views consider that an adversary’s domestic politics, or symbolic-normative aspects of its behavior, contain valuable information for assessing its intentions. This article tests these three competing views on Latvia as a case study, based on in-depth interviews with 10 high-ranking decision-makers. The article concludes that although the interviewees regarded information on the potential adversary’s military capabilities to be crucial for inferring its intentions, other indicators were also regarded as important.     

论我国银行业审慎监管强制措施的法律属性及其立法完善

我国银行业审慎监管强制措施的立法坐标可定位于《银行业监督管理法》第37条。金融法属性上,其属预防型风险监管工具,旨在纠错,具有一定的负外部性;行政法属性上,其属行政命令,带有一定的强制性,但并不适用《行政强制法》。银行业审慎监管强制措施的现行立法存在适用前提模糊、实施程序粗略、内容较为内向封闭等问题。境内外相关立法既注重类似措施的内容开放度,又强化对类似措施的实施监督,较好地实现了灵活性与制约性的平衡。我国应基于银行业审慎监管强制措施的双重法律属性,从细化扩展适用条件、提升内容延展度与科学性、明确具体实施程序、完善监督救济机制等方面入手推动我国相关立法的完善。     

Building on the Greenbook: A Perpetrator Pattern‐Based Approach to Improve Child Welfare’s Response to Domestic Violence

The Greenbook Initiative has acted as a catalyst for change across the United States and globe. In this article, the authors discuss how the Greenbook has shaped the environment related to perpetrator accountability in child welfare, how a paradigm shift in work with fathers can advance domestic violence‐informed practice, and how a perpetrator pattern‐based approach, as exemplified by the Safe & Together Model, can help advance the vision of the Greenbook.