比较视角下的不可靠实体清单制度

不可靠实体清单制度的基本定位是对他国歧视性的出口管制及其他制裁措施的反制。就否认和抵消他国相关国内法措施的域外适用效力而言,不可靠实体清单与欧盟阻断立法有相通之处,但运作逻辑不尽相同。本质上,不可靠实体清单制度是要对外国实体施加压力并形成威慑,促使其在遵守外国政府的管制和制裁要求时,更加中立、慎重和克制。外国实体被列入不可靠实体清单后,其所产生的法律后果可以包括进出口管制、投资限制、入境/居留限制、风险警示、民事诉讼等。不可靠实体清单制度在实施过程中应当注意原则性与灵活性相结合,赋予主管部门必要的自由裁量权,重在发挥威慑作用。同时,有关执法部门应特别注意遵照正当行政程序的要求,保障相关外国实体的申辩权和异议权。     

Clarifying the Effects of Neighborhood Context on Violence “Behind Closed Doors”

Research on neighborhood-level effects on intimate partner violence (IPV) has expanded significantly in the past two decades. However, to date, studies have been unable to disentangle compositional and contextual effects on IPV and have rarely considered the social mechanisms that might link neighborhood conditions to IPV. Using data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, this study considers individual and contextual influences on violence between partners, and examines the effects of disadvantage and collective efficacy on this type of behavior. Results indicate that neighborhood disadvantage significantly increases and collective efficacy significantly decreases IPV after controlling for individual-level correlates. Our findings add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that as with street crime, neighborhood disadvantage also exacerbates rates of IPV. However, unlike street crime, the impact of disadvantage on IPV does not appear to be mediated by collective efficacy. Understanding how collective efficacy affects violence between partners remains an open issue.     

Legislative Analysis of China＇s Exploitation in International Seabed Area

“区域”开发对国家具有重要的战略意义,但我国缺乏调整“区域”开发的国内立法。法律的缺失于我国“区域”开发的发展不利,也无助于我国在国际海底管理局及有关规章的制定中发挥更大作用,更有可能引发国家责任。以《联合国海洋法公约》为主体的“区域”法律制度,为我国“区域”开发立法提供了法律依据,也为我国“区域”开发立法应遵循的原则提供了指引。采用专门立法来调整“区域”内的活动是国际上通行的模式,也更加符合我国的实际情况,因而应为我国所采纳,以推动我国履行该《公约》赋予的义务,提升我国在“区域”国际法规则制定中的话语权,规范我国在“区域”内的活动,维护与拓展我国在“区域”的利益。     

社会性别主流化理念与我国反家暴立法

社会性别主流化是联合国推动性别平等、性别公正的主要战略,强调国家立法和政府决策应遵循社会性别平等理念;社会性别主流化追求"性别平等"是对传统"男女平等"的提升,是男女平等的实现保障;社会性别主流化理念在我国反家暴立法中已有初步尝试,并面临诸多障碍;应继续坚持社会性别主流化理念,立足社会性别平等立场,检视现行反家暴法律规范,正视女性的弱势地位,推动我国反家暴立法进程。     

The defiant still worker: Ramiro Gomez and the expressionism of abstract labor

This essay looks at a selection of paintings by Los Angeles-based visual artist Ramiro Gomez. Departing from the traditions of ethnic studies and Marxist criticism that focus on workers’ resistance as action, I turn to the domestic worker, who remains still and perpetually at work, in his paintings. I propose that stillness is both an abstract aesthetic form and a racialized and feminized mode of being abstract and not fully knowable to both spectators and employers. Stillness, I argue, is the limit to following the worker’s subsequent actions, movements, thoughts, and expressions. While, for Marx, abstraction is the very effect and violence of the capitalist production, I ask what possibilities emerge from a mode of stillness that further abstracts, displaces, and obscures the worker within the scene of domestic labor. Bringing together Marx’s analysis of abstract labor, the tradition of abstract expressionism, and Chicana/o aesthetic practices in Gomez’s paintings, I offer a theory of stillness, and by extension abstraction, as a subtle yet defiant refusal to be concrete and graspable.     

在婚女性家务劳动时间变迁及影响因素分析

利用“中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）”纵向数据，可以分析出我国在婚女性家务劳动时间分配模式的特点、变化趋势及影响因素。研究发现，我国在婚女性家务劳动时间分配呈现出“一高三低”的特点，随着时间的推移，此模式没有发生明显变化。多层线性模型分析结果显示，不同因素对家务劳动分配模式的影响不同，年龄、工作时间、调查时间对分配模式的影响较为显著。     

基于社会性别视角进行家庭暴力研究的局限性

社会性别理论是研究家庭暴力的影响因素及对策的一个重要角度,它对家庭暴力的产生给与了一定的解释,并在救助、防治、立法等方面产生了很好的效用。同时,从社会性别角度探讨家庭暴力也存在着局限性:它对家庭暴力的界定过于绝对化,仅强调男性霸权对女性的控制;它可以解释部分家庭暴力的产生原因,但该理论的忠实拥护者过于强调其作用,忽略了其他如个体、家庭、社会文化等因素;正因为定义和解释的狭隘,在应对家庭暴力上,社会性别理论的方式也显得可操作性不足。     

西方主权债务危机与人民币国际化

长期以来,人民币国际化一直是一个备受争议的问题。随着美国金融危机的逐步加深,西方主要国家爆发了大规模主权债务危机。美欧经济必将进入一个新的历史节点,世界经济也会因此而进行一次重新洗牌,我国人民币国际化问题因此也面临着全新的挑战与机遇。     

家庭暴力的危害、形成原因和防治办法

家庭是社会最小的细胞,家庭暴力直接影响到社会的安定团结.本文在分析产生家庭暴力原因的基础上,阐述了家庭暴力对家庭乃至社会产生的负面影响,提出了防治家庭暴力一方面要不断提高人们的自身素质,另一方面必须依靠法治.     

强制性死刑问题研究

强制性死刑，又称绝对确定的死刑，是指当满足一定的罪状条件时，法律明确规定此种情况下必须判处死刑，并无任何裁量空间的确定性死刑刑罚。作为死刑的一种特殊情形，强制性死刑的设立旨在威慑最严重的犯罪行为，给予犯罪人以毁灭性打击。然而，强制性死刑不仅在国内法体系中面临着合理性危机，也在国际法层面上有违人权保障的要求。只有废除强制性死刑条款，才能避免出现上述两方面的弊病，更好地实现尊重和保障人权的价值目标。