刑事照相常用紫外光源照射对DNA检验的影响研究

目的探究刑事照相常用紫外光源照射不同客体上的血指印和汗潜指印后对DNA检验产生的影响。方法分别使用254nm和365nm紫外光源在不同照射距离,不同照射时间下对不同客体表面制备的原血指印、微量血指印和汗潜指印检材进行照射,随后进行DNA定量分析。结果原血指印经紫外照射后对DNA检验结果无显著影响,微量血指印和汗潜指印经紫外照射对后续DNA检验结果认定影响较大。结论紫外光波长越短、功率越大、照射距离越短、照射时间越长,对DNA检验结果的影响越大。     

LED多波段光源显现人民币上潜指印的研究

目的研究显现、提取遗留在人民币上潜在指印的方法。方法采用荧光试剂罗丹明6G对人民币进行染色处理,以LED多波段光源输出的波长为520nm的绿光照射检材,透过580nm的带通型干涉滤光镜观察指印的显现效果,并拍照提取。结果获得亮纹线暗背景的指印图像,指印纹线清晰,反差良好,特征丰富,具备良好的检验鉴定条件。结论 LED多波段光源输出的波长为520nm的绿光与罗丹明6G染色指印的吸收特性吻合,是显现、提取遗留在人民币上潜在指印的良好光源。     

两大法系刑事证据排除规则的产生根源对比——读《漂移的证据法》有感

近年来,随着人们意识到刑事诉讼的目的不仅仅是在于打击犯罪,对于在刑事诉讼过程中其他的社会价值诸如人权、个人隐私权等的保护日益受到人们的关注。由此,证据排除规则在刑事诉讼中也越来越受到普遍的关注。刑事证据在刑事诉讼过程中采纳与否,首先取决于证据材料是否符合一定的规定。大陆法系与英美法系有着各自不同的采纳证据材料的根据也即排除规则,而深藏在表面排除规则之下的具体的不同排除规则的原因可以从两大法系不同的立法意图、历史渊源以及诉讼制度划分为外部与内部两个部分。     

Enhancing the Visibility of Injuries with Narrow‐Banded Beams of Light within the Visible Light Spectrum

The use of narrow‐banded visible light sources in improving the visibility of injuries has been hardly investigated, and studies examining the extent of this improvement are lacking. In this study, narrow‐banded beams of light within the visible light spectrum were used to explore their ability in improving the visibility of external injuries. The beams of light were induced by four crime‐lites^® providing narrow‐banded beams of light between 400 and 550 nm. The visibility of the injuries was assessed through specific long‐pass filters supplied with the set of crime‐lites^®. Forty‐three percent of the examined injuries improved in visibility by using the narrow‐banded visible light. In addition, injuries were visualized that were not visible or just barely visible to the naked eye. The improvements in visibility were particularly marked with the use of crime‐lites^® “violet” and “blue” covering the spectrum between 400–430 and 430–470 nm. The simple noninvasive method showed a great potential contribution in injury examination.     

The revenge of the Caucasus: Chechenization and the dual state in Russia

Post-communist development in Russia has been characterized by the development of a dual state in which the constitutional order is balanced by the consolidation of an arbitrary prerogative state. This horizontal dualism has taken root in Russia's regions; and this is accompanied by the establishment of a form of vertical dualism in relations between the regions and the center. Attempts to overcome this form of segmented regionalism under president Vladimir Putin have been undermined by the development of Chechenization, which represents not only the repudiation of dualism in this republic, but threatens to undermine the precarious balance between the constitutional and prerogative states at the federal level as well. Chechenization has its opponents in Moscow as well and its fate is defined by the struggle between the factions at the center. The process of “separatism without secession” is a highly ambiguous one and reflects broader developments in the Russian state as president Dmitry Medvedev seeks to strengthen the constitutional pillar of the dual state.     

Democracy and the European Union: Matching means to standards

In justifying recent European Union Treaty changes, member-state governments have claimed that publics are doubly represented in the EU: through their elected governments and through the European Parliament. This review evaluates ‘dual representation’ as a means of delivering democratic standards. It concludes that present institutional arrangements contain some means of aligning policy outcomes with citizen preferences but they do not match up so well to ‘input’ or procedural conditions for public control with political equality. One troubling aspect of this is that there are good normative grounds for holding ‘input’ standards to be prior to ‘output’ ones. Another is that difficulties of public control are, on Union matters, more acute in relationships between representatives and voters than in those between representatives and other power holders.     

Intellectual Property Counterfeiting and Piracy – Response of Small Commonwealth Jurisdictions∗

This article provides an analysis of some recent developments relating to Constitutional law in Jamaica, including the legal issues arising from tied elections and the dual nationality of parliamentarians. It also discusses a case relating to the failure to incorporate the United Nations Convention on Transnational Organized Crime (the Palermo Convention). In this case, though the Palermo Convention contemplates investigations by agents of one country on the territory of another for certain crimes, one state party found it was unable to carry out such investigations on the territory of another. Although the latter country, a CARICOM member state, was also a party to the Convention, it had not enacted the required implementing legislation     

社会转型的时空压缩性特征对我国生态文明的影响

"时空压缩"是当前中国社会转型的一个显著特点。"时空压缩"给我国生态文明带来影响是双重的:它为我国生态文明建设提供了丰富的物质基础,给我国生态文明建设提供了"择优综合"的外部条件,也为我国生态文明建设提供了合作共赢的国际环境。同时,时空压缩性也使我国生态文明建设面临着国内外的双重挤压。     

闽江源生态保护研究

闽江源生态保护是建设美丽福建的前提,发展闽江经济的关键,更是造福沿江居民的根本。当前闽江源生态保护存在资金相对匮乏及来源单一、法律法规有待健全与完善、生态保护规划科学性不够、日常治理松懈及方法落后等困境。建议要加快设立闽江源生态保护基金、优化闽江源生态保护的制度环境、健全闽江源区域的生态补偿机制、强化日常治理和创新保护方法。     

马克思历史唯物主义实践观及其中国化进程

马克思使辩证法走向历史的深处,以实践观更新了以往哲学家观察历史和现实的方式,指出社会存在决定社会意识。历史唯物主义对中国知识界的思想启蒙,更新了中国人的政治观念,形成了百余年来中国社会发展的生动图景。改革开放为中国社会发展提供了新的历史契机,形成了灵活运用历史唯物主义的实践自觉。推动改革进一步走向深入,必须深入研究历史唯物主义实践观及其中国化进程,形成与当今中国经济和政治发展相适应的文化气象,这是推动中国改革的实际需要,也是在新的时代条件下实现中国梦的必由之路。