数字录音真实性司法鉴定研究现状

随着数字录音设备的普及,以及音频编辑技术的大众化趋势,传统的检验方法和技术在当前数字录音真实性司法鉴定实践中面临着极大的挑战。模式识别和人工智能等领域的最新进展为数字录音真实性鉴定提供了有效的检验角度。通过分析和总结当前机器学习和模式识别等研究领域在数字录音真实性研究方面的前沿探索性成果,结合对当前录音真实性司法鉴定实践应用中的关键技术和方法的论述,分析和探讨数字录音真实性司法鉴定领域研究所面临的问题、挑战及未来发展趋势。指出专家经验判断分析技术和统计量化检验方法的协作并存是数字录音真实性鉴定的必然趋势和高效解决方案。     

再论危险驾驶罪的客观方面——超前立法观、实质解释论、类型思维法之运用

《刑法修正案(八)》第22条增设了危险驾驶罪,但是该罪的行为类型欠缺多样性,醉驾行为没有情节的限制,双重既遂标准同时存在,从而导致了该罪的预期功能与现实效果之间的扭曲。为了填补立法漏洞,加强本条的可操作性,应当运用超前立法观、实质解释论和类型思维法,适当丰富该罪的行为类型,将其解释为具体危险犯,以"足以危害公共交通安全"作为统一的既遂标准。     

法治思维视阈下科技伦理教育观完善探析——基于当下科技发展中学术道德失范行为现象的思考

学术瑕疵类、学术垄断类失范行为之所以普遍存在,与科技伦理教育观密切相关。当前,我国的科技伦理教育主要存在法治意识淡薄,忽视培养具有法治思维的科技伦理专业人才,以及缺乏法治化制度保障等问题。然而,法治思维作为社会治理的核心思维,具有将其引入科技伦理教育的必要性和可行性。为实现规制学术道德失范行为以净化科技伦理生态的道德理想,需要在科技伦理教育的过程中中融入法治思维并凸显法治作用,从而构筑起坚不可摧的法治屏障。所以,法治思维视域下科技伦理教育观的完善应从德法并重,严重的学术道德失范行为应以法律规制为主,且科技伦理教育中亟待重视法治思维的培育等方面着力;法治思维视域下,高等院校与科研机构对于科研人员科技伦理教育观的培育应从增设科技法和知识产权法课程,强化警示教育,且在对于学术道德失范行为的学术研究和立法规制等方面努力。     

Impinging blood droplets on different wettable surfaces: Impact phenomena,contact line motion,post-impact oscillation and dried stains

Understanding the underlying hydrodynamics of impinging blood droplets and finding out the physical parameters determining the bloodstain characteristics are of great importance in blood related forensic investigations. In this work, the impact of non-Newtonian blood droplets on solid surfaces ranging from lyophilic to superlyophobic was systematically investigated and compared to that of Newtonian droplets with a similar dynamic shear viscosity. We show that impinging blood droplets behave as low-viscosity Newtonian droplets in the short-time spreading, which is dominated by capillary and inertial forces, but their non-Newtonian viscoelasticity would notably affect the droplet retraction and post-impact oscillation occurring in large timescales. Whereas the strong liquid–solid adhesion and the non-Newtonian elongational viscosity hinder droplet recoiling and thus alter the impact phenomena on lyophobic and superlyophobic surfaces, the shear and elongational viscosities are coupled to result in higher damping coefficients of oscillating blood droplets after deposition, in comparison to that of impinging Newtonian droplets. The size of the dried bloodstain was found to be different from both the maximum spreading radius of the droplet that can reach during impact and the final radius of the deposited droplet after oscillation, and their correlations are highly dependent on the impact velocity and surface wettability. Moreover, the morphologic characteristics of the bloodstains would also be changed by varying either the impact velocity or the surface wettability. We envision that these findings can not only find applications in the bloodstain pattern analysis, but also provide useful information for medical diagnosis based on blood droplet test.     

女性受教育水平和夫妻依恋风格对夫妻婚姻满意度的影响

为考察女性受教育水平和夫妻依恋风格对婚姻满意度的影响,对246对夫妻进行了问卷调查。结果发现,妻子受过高等教育,丈夫婚姻满意度较高;夫妻经常一起做事,夫妻双方的婚姻满意度均较高;对于男性和女性,夫妻依恋风格均可以显著预测其婚姻满意度,依恋安全性高的个体婚姻满意度较高。     

The Reliability of Pattern Classification in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis,Part 1: Bloodstain Patterns on Rigid Non‐absorbent Surfaces

This study was designed to produce the first baseline measure of reliability in bloodstain pattern classification. A panel of experienced bloodstain pattern analysts examined over 400 spatter patterns on three rigid non‐absorbent surfaces. The patterns varied in spatter type and extent. A case summary accompanied each pattern that either contained neutral information, information to suggest the correct pattern (i.e., was positively biasing), or information to suggest an incorrect pattern (i.e., was negatively biasing). Across the variables under examination, 13% of classifications were erroneous. Generally speaking, where the pattern was more difficult to recognize (e.g., limited staining extent or a patterned substrate), analysts became more conservative in their judgment, opting to be inconclusive. Incorrect classifications increased as a function of the negatively biasing contextual information. The implications of the findings for practice are discussed.     

深化我国乡镇管理体制改革的职能模式探析——安徽省乡镇管理体制改革全面试点透视

以当今我国全面推进乡镇管理体制改革试点为背景,动态地阐释职能模式抉择在乡镇公共管理职能转变中特殊的关键意义,以及此一选择的主要类型和应遵循的基本原则,是当下中国农村全面深化改革的迫切诉求,更是学界的理论责任。     

当代恐怖主义的特征与发展趋势

近年来,恐怖主义已成为影响世界稳定和地区安全的首要威胁与影响和平发展的巨大阻力,日益引起世界各国的高度重视.国际社会对其进行了联合打击,但其活动仍呈蔓延之势,表现出鲜明的政治性、组织性、非国家主体性、隐蔽性、突发性、宗教性等特征,并呈现出恐怖主义组织类型与恐怖手段多元化、组织形式网络化与分散化、恐怖主义活动国际化等发展趋势,必须予以密切关注,在此基础上做好相应的情报预警工作,努力把恐怖主义的危害降低到最低限度.     

独占控制制度中的结构规制模式与行为规制模式及对我国的启示

在反垄断法领域,结构规制模式与行为规制模式是独占控制制度的两种基本类型。根据我国的经济现状,结构规制模式的特点更符合当前反垄断控制的需要,而且也有利于促进反垄断立法的完善。     

论大学生人文素养的培育

人文素养的培育不仅是大学生全面发展的需要,更是科学技术发展的需要与构建社会主义和谐社会的需要。因此,必须转变教育观念、增设人文课程,开展丰富多彩的学术活动,建立科学的评估体系,全面提高大学生的人文素养。