论网络时代的刑事领域变革

网络时代 ,社会的方方面面发生了急剧的变革 ,其中包括刑事领域的变革。刑事领域变革体现在刑事犯罪、刑事证据、刑事侦查、刑事裁量等诸多方面。     

网络犯罪中的电子证据若干问题研究

网络犯罪的不断涌现使电子证据的研究面临越来越多的挑战。电子证据的概念应该从广义上理解,并赋予其独立的法律地位。电子证据的收集主体、程序规则的运用以及人权保障,都是需要着重研究、探讨的问题。     

电子货币若干法律问题研究

在探讨电子货币定义与法律性质后,重点研究电子货币法律关系、终结性、权利异议、伪造电子货币中的问题、赎回义务等私法问题,及立法宗旨、发行商资格、监管和反洗钱等公法问题.     

巴西体育法律规制介评

巴西作为足球大国,其所有的体育立法都与足球有关,而对其他领域则涉及很少。目前生效的 《贝利法》对有关巴西体育的法律制度作了规定,主要有体育联盟的设立、赢利性体育组织的设 立、劳动合同规范、体育法庭的组成、转播权以及运动员的保险政策等规范。我国可以借鉴巴西 有关的体育立法以加强中国体育法制的建设。     

弥漫性轴索损伤的扫描电镜观察

弥漫性轴索损伤是一种具有独特的临床、病理学特征的脑损伤，是重型脑损伤的主要死因之一，作者对６例脑外伤ＳＥＭ研究发现：大脑皮质挫伤远区可见神经细胞树实折断，轴索排列紊乱、断裂、粗细不等，有的断端球形扩大（ｒｅｔｒａｃｔｂａｌｌ）。髓鞘变性、表面粗糙、呈筛孔状，有的坏死脱落至轴索裸露，有的可见星形细胞附着在毛细血管壁的足板有断裂，毛细血管淤血、弯曲、破裂出血、出血区可见纤维蛋白网络红细胞。ＳＥＭ下上述病变观察清楚，立体感强，不失为一种先进的研究手段，脑外伤ＤＡＩ的研究中尚未见报告。     

电子文件与电子档案的法律效力问题

电子文件的法律效力是指归档电子文件或电子档案在一定的时间和范围内所体现出的法定凭证作用。电子文件效力的核心是在司法运作过程中确认其被法律认可的凭证作用。     

教学手段散谈

课堂教学是为师者“传道、授业、解惑”的中心环节 ,教学手段则是实施这一环节的重要桥梁。实践证明 ,采用科学合理的教学手段 ,往往能取得事半功倍的效果。反之 ,却难以取得令人满意的教学效果。     

A parameter study regarding the IBIS correlator

The electronic system IBIS has been used by numerous agencies worldwide as the standard tool to compare firearm markings on bullets and fired cartridges. There is a general interest among users concerning the likelihood with which the IBIS correlator may locate hits in its databases. Test results of the performance under different test conditions have been published in various papers. Experience has also been gained with the IBIS system from years of practical usage. All of these findings are difficult to compare with each other. No systematic presentation exists that actually shows the parameters upon which the success rate of the IBIS correlator depends. There has also been no mention of what values these parameters take on during each test. This paper first generally defines the success and error rates of the IBIS correlator. The parameters used will be discussed. Results of previously published tests will be re-examined based on this methodology. An illustrative form of presentation for the success rate of an electronic comparison system will also be suggested. It will be shown that the success rate of the IBIS correlator highly depends on the quality of the firearms-generated markings. It increases with the number of considered mark types, the number of available signatures per firearm, and the number of items inspected in the hit list. The success rate decreases with the database size. The paper will conclude with a series of practical recommendations for the setting up and successful operation of an electronic collection of ballistic evidence.     

国家公园特许经营合同的法律基础

国家公园特许经营合同是规范特许人(国家公园管理局)与特许经营权人之间权利义务关系的协议,本质上属于政府特许经营合同,可被拆分为双阶理论下的“行政行为+民事合同”,即在订立阶段为行政行为,在履行和解除阶段为民事合同。为实现国家公园特许经营制度的功能,保护特许经营权人利益和参与特许经营竞争者利益,应明确合同的必要内容、采用竞争性缔约方式、签订书面合同并对特许经营权进行登记。由于国家公园特许经营权具有专属性,合同义务只能由特许经营权人自己履行并应注意保护园内自然资源和生态环境。基于国家公园特许经营合同的基本性质与制度功能,原则上不适用《民法典》第五百六十二条第一款解除合同,合同解除后不具有溯及力,不发生恢复原状义务。     

E-Government for Lowering Administrative Burden: An Empirical Research on European Rural Businesses

Administrative burden reduction is in the policy agenda in European countries and international organizations. The objectives of this article are to measure administrative burden of rural businesses in three European case studies and to assess the use of semantic electronic government services for its reduction. The main findings are that rural businesses do not perceive the administrative burden significance for entrepreneurship; public administration could implement semantic electronic government services to reduce rural businesses’ administrative burden; and future administrative burden reduction policies should take into account the type and location of businesses to achieve an efficient business environment.