浅析就业歧视问题及其解决之道

在中国劳动力就业市场打破原有界限,日益活跃的今天,就业歧视问题也凸现出来,成为阻碍劳动力市场正常发展的关键因素。就业歧视存在于劳动力市场中的各个层面,它不仅反映了社会不公,而且对劳资关系产生了不良影响,使得雇员和雇主双方都受损。应当制定相应的反歧视法律,以维护社会正义并保证市场经济的正常运行。     

就业歧视的成因分析及对策研究

就业歧视问题在我国的人才市场中较为突出。端正用人观念, 消除体制性障碍, 建立反就业歧视的法律法规, 保障就业者的平等权利势在必行。     

网络图书馆下版权问题新思考

网络和数字化技术的进步打破了传统版权法建立的平衡 ,特别是网络图书馆的建设 ,使传统图书馆所适用的版权理论受到质疑。因此 ,探讨网络图书馆所涉及的版权问题便成为当务之急。本文论证了在新的传播技术下 ,传统合理使用规则应受到必要的限制 ,版权所涉及的权利亟待重新配置。     

统筹城乡就业的政策工具研究

统筹城乡就业政策目标的实现不仅需要进行体制改革和制度创新,还需要选择适当的政策工具。根据统筹城乡就业的现实问题可以确定政策目标,根据政府、社会与市场之间的关系可以确定政府在其中的责任,并依此制定政策体系。依据统筹城乡就业政策工具的特征和属性可以将政策工具划分为强制性、激励性、指导性、信息性和服务性政策工具。根据政策体系的内容和政策工具的属性和运行机制可以实现两者的匹配,完成政策工具的选择与组合。在考察各类政策工具的运用能力和运行效果的基础上,可以提出政策工具的优化路径。这些内容构成了统筹城乡就业政策工具的基本理论体系。     

Diversifying the police applicant pool: motivations of women and minority candidates seeking police employment

Given the media attention to police killings of unarmed men of color, police agencies have increased their focus on the diversity of their applicant pools. Despite their efforts, policing leaders across the United States have cited challenges in recruiting a diverse police force and are exploring evidence-based solutions. However, the bulk of the literature on motivation to seek a career in policing is dated and includes small samples of women and minority respondents. The purpose of this study is to provide contemporary insight into reasons of women and minority candidates for applying to a police department. Thus, this study focuses on women and minority applicants to a large policing agency in the northeastern United States, asking respondents an open-ended question about their motivation to apply. Policing as a childhood dream, making a difference in the community and the opportunity to help people, and believing policing was a good transition from military to civilian life were the most commonly cited reasons for applying. Salary, benefits and job security were the least cited reasons for applying for a police position. Other findings and policy implications are discussed.     

Once more with ‘sympathy’ but no resolution for intended mothers: the EU,Ireland and the surrogacy dilemma

This article examines the decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in Z v A Government Department and the Board of Management of a Community School and the court’s interpretation of existing EU legislation on whether commissioning or intended mothers are entitled to paid leave equivalent to maternity benefit. It highlights the failure of the CJEU in this case to call for specific EU legislation on the issue of surrogacy. The Irish Courts have been more proactive in this regard. The Supreme Court has acknowledged that ‘pending the introduction … of legislation dealing with this field, it is … not for the courts to attempt to resolve the complex questions that need to be addressed’. This article compares recent decisions of the Irish Courts to that of the CJEU as they struggle to keep abreast with modern society in the absence of legislation at national and EU level.     

Preventing Homelessness for System‐Involved Youth

Too many youth and young adults find themselves on the streets, couch‐surfing with friends, in emergency shelters or worse, after exiting the child welfare and juvenile justice systems. In some circumstances, youth have had court hearings until their exit from the legal system, but those hearings have not focused on long‐range plans of youth and emergencies youth may encounter. In other circumstances, there has been little or no planning prior to discharge, especially for young people who leave the juvenile justice system. Courts can and should prevent, alleviate or end youth homelessness for youth who appear before them through strategies that are enumerated in the recently‐passed NCJFCJ resolution. This article expounds on three of these strategies – coordinating transition and re‐entry plans, insisting on effective legal representation of youth, and utilizing sound judicial leadership. It also describes the concurrent efforts of the Coalition for Juvenile Justice and the American Bar Association's Homeless Youth Legal Network to remove legal barriers and improve outcomes for youth and young adults experiencing homelessness.     

有力社会：共享经济时代就业的社会学解读

就业是经济的风向标。共享经济的蓬勃发展预示着弹性就业时代的来临,国内外学术界关于共享经济与就业关系形成三种观点：共享创造工作、共享毁灭工作以及共享导致就业替代交叉。文章立足我国共享经济发展的阶段性特征分析发现,共享经济对我国就业体系的冲击体现为三个方面,一是导致大量低技能劳动者失业,二是共享经济领域多为弹性就业,就业脆弱性高,三是共享经济对社会保障体系造成挑战。共享经济对就业的冲击的主要症结是没有形成一个可以和资本裹挟下的市场进行对话的社会,对劳动者基本权益进行保障。缓解共享经济带来的就业危机,必须形成有为政府、有效市场和有力社会的平衡。     

教育与就业关系的转型：从确定性到不确定性

我国教育规模迅猛扩展带来的一个直接的结果是,教育与就业的关系正处于由确定走向不确定的转型之中.教育与就业关系的这种转型既有有利的一面,也有可能的不利影响,转型过程就需要权衡代价与收益.当前我国为实现教育与就业关系的顺利转型,需要减少毕业生就业过程中的信息不对称、把握高等教育规模扩展的节奏、兼顾社会对教育与就业关系不确定性的承受能力、完善教育成本分担机制等.