当前就业问题形成的相关因素分析与政策选择

就业形势日益严峻,失业群体不断涌现,已成为当前我国和谐社会发展的一个重要障碍。只有强化政府责任,优化就业结构,提升就业、再就业能力,构建公共就业服务体系,才能为更好地解决就业问题拓开路径,进而推进社会主义和谐社会建设。     

完善重点群体就业支持体系研究

当前,我国已形成由政策体系、服务体系和平台体系构成的重点群体就业支持体系,但重点群体实现更高质量更充分就业依然面临一些困难和问题,包括农民工就业信息获取难、大学生就业供需匹配难、退役军人就业人岗匹配难以及困难群体就业内生动力弱等.究其原因,主要是就业信息传输机制不完善,就业供需匹配机制不完善,就业能力提升渠道有限及就业...     

新形势下我国制造业就业面临的重大机遇、 主要挑战及对策研究

当前世界面临百年未有之大变局，数字经济发展、逆全球化和区域经济一体化以及新冠肺炎疫 情不断加大产业链供应链传导压力。研究认为，在全新发展形势下，制造业就业面临着产业链延伸不断衍生新 岗位新职业、传统制造业转型推动劳动者转岗提质以及区域经济合作加强助力提升就业能力的重大机遇；同时， 也面临着国际间在智能制造领域竞争更加激烈、关键核心链条技术人才存在较大缺口，以及数字经济过度服务 化加大就业风险等主要挑战。为更好适应变化的新形势，研究建议：我国应加强制造业关键核心技术人才供给 体系建设，把握区域经济合作机遇，提升制造业领域人才竞争力，强化内外循环全产业链协同，推动人才要素 实现有序流动。     

Regularization of Irregular Migrants and Social Policies: Comparative Perspectives

Abstract

This paper examines the social policy implications of the regularization of irregular immigrants. As an act of legal integration regularization arguably is about irregular migrants’ inclusion into mainstream social and legal structures and, as a corollary, has important implications for migrants’ access to social rights. Based on a recent comparative study of regularizations and their impact in seven EU Member-States, the study finds that access to social rights associated with regularizations indeed are reported as the most important impacts of regularization by regularized migrants themselves, next to access to work and related welfare entitlements.     

反就业歧视举证责任探微

反就业歧视举证责任配置理论包括差别对待理论和差别结果理论。我国现行反就业歧视举证责任制度存在专门立法缺失、可操作性缺乏等问题,因此,应制定专门的禁止就业歧视法律,完善现行的反就业歧视单行法律,循序渐进地构建就业歧视诉讼体系,充分发挥社会组织在公益诉讼中的作用,并设立独立的反就业歧视监督和执行机构,以有效地实施法律。     

外发工厂:拆分型劳动体制下留守女工的兼业生产

在产业转移和劳动力转移的大背景下,沿海地区代工产业如电子、玩具等劳动密集型订单开始向内地转移外发,吸引了大量农村留守妇女参与到生产中。这些妇女在拆分型劳动体制下不得不从打工地返回家乡,承担起照顾家庭的重任。女工的兼业工作对于建构自我认同以及提升其家庭地位和社会地位有很大的帮助。同时,妇女的兼业生产具有脆弱性,它不仅体现在订单的不稳定方面,更体现在国家和地方政府的政策保护不足方面。因此,要从根本上改变这种局面,必须落实农民工融入城市、加快农民工市民化等相关政策,推进城市政府公共服务均等化工作,让农民工家庭能够全面享受城市公共服务,以化解拆分型劳动体制所带来的社会问题。     

“[It's] what you do after the mistake that counts”: Positive employment credentials,criminal record stigma,and potential pathways of mediation

The findings from prior research indicate that positive credentials, or documentation of prosocial accomplishments, can vary in strength and perceived value in mitigating aversions to hiring individuals with criminal records. In the current study, we examine why certain types of positive credentials may be more influential in reducing stigma than others. Using data from a nationwide survey of American adults (N = 3,476), we combine a mediation analysis with content-coding of open-ended responses to identify key themes and patterns in decision processes. The results indicate the factors examined here—employee dependability, trustworthiness, recidivism risk, and workplace crime—explain a large proportion of the total effect across credentials and are the strongest for reference letters. Trustworthiness is the most influential mediator across credentials, whereas general recidivism risk is consistently the lowest. An analysis of open-ended responses provides further context and insight into these patterns. Although policy strategies often target risk reduction on the employer's end, credentials that also relay information about skills, character, and the timeline of recent life events are especially influential.     

高校共青团组织服务大学生就业创业的思考

服务大学生就业创业已成为高校团组织的重点工作。新形势下,高校共青团应充分利用自身的职责优势、组织优势、工作优势和平台优势,以团课教育为平台,引导学生树立正确的就业创业观;以竞赛活动为平台,提升学生就业创业的能力与素质;以社会实践为平台,拓宽学生就业创业的途径与渠道;以团属媒体为平台,营造学生就业创业的良好氛围。     

Civic Fusion: Moving from Certainty through Not Knowing to Curiosity

Civic fusion occurs when people bond across passionate difference to solve a shared public problem. It requires bringing people close together under conditions that enable them to bond, even as their polarizing beliefs remain intact. In managing multiparty multi‐issue negotiations, public policy mediators help disparate, passionate parties negotiate actionable agreements. To achieve and sustain civic fusion, interested parties recognize and acknowledge confining assumptions and move through a continuum in which their certainty about each other and their presumed solutions is challenged and transforms to uncertainty and then to curiosity. They connect across common public goals and find mutual understanding and respect for the interests of others as they come to understand and accept the opportunities and limitations that are inherent to their complex situations. A steady stream of new understandings moves people beyond their long‐held perspectives to foster productive negotiations and build innovative solutions. Ultimately, the parties generate sustainable consensus agreements even as they retain their deeply held and often opposing values and beliefs.     

基于能力提升的高校就业指导途径研究

大学生就业难的主要原因之一是大学生自身就业能力不足。高校就业指导课在培养大学生就业能力方面存在着纵向设置不合理、横向互动较缺乏的问题。针对以上问题,高校就业指导课程应遵循系统性与阶段性相结合、灵活与创造相结合、有效性与针对性相结合的原则,采用模式创新为基础、机制培育为核心、资源对接为重点的途径,逐步解决这些问题。