行政处罚信息公开与隐私权保护

行政执法信息是否公开在目前的《政府信息公开条例》中没有明确的答案,学术界和实务界也众说纷纭",隐私"一词由于在我国公法领域不包含个人身份基本信息,故个人身份基本信息不属于不予公开的范畴,但是由于其特殊性,应该区分情况进行公开。首先,应对行政处罚信息作区分处理,违法行为信息应该主动公开,个人身份信息应该由利害关系人依申请公开,媒体在特殊情况下可以申请公开行政处罚相对人的身份信息,一般情况下,应有所限制。     

Special Interests,Regulatory Quality,and the Pesticides Overload

Pesticides overuse is a serious threat to ecosystems and wildlife, human health, and agricultural sustainability. So far, however, social scientists have not produced systematic evidence on the political–economic determinants of pesticides overuse. We argue that the agrochemical industry, as a profit‐motivated interest group, will only mobilize politically to avoid reductions in pesticides use when regulatory institutions are potentially capable of correcting a market failure. If regulatory institutions are weakened by corruption or other factors, pesticides overuse occurs with or without the influence of the agrochemical industry. We test this interactive theory systematically against quantitative data on pesticides use in 24 Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development countries, 1991–2003. Using corruption and other indicators to capture bureaucratic quality, we find substantively large and statistically robust interactive effects. The agrochemical industry is a crucial determinant of pesticides use in nations with low corruption, whereas the agrochemical industry has no effect on pesticides use under corrupt regulatory institutions. Troublingly, these results imply that reduced corruption may not improve actual regulatory effectiveness unless political institutions can somehow constrain the influence of special interests.     

Rationing Consumption of Private Goods that Produce Collective Bads

This article looks at collective decisions over the limits to consumption of a private good that produces a collective bad and studies the way in which these decisions are affected by changes in the distribution of wealth. It shows that a democratic voting program reduces the maximum permissible consumption of the good, whereas a benevolent planner, and a voting program dominated by the rich, will increase this level. It also shows that, under all programs, production of the bad is driven down by increases in inequality.     

浅析赔偿与补偿的融合

传统上对于区分赔偿与补偿,都是从违法性说起。但是,随着＂结果违法说＂的兴起和过失的客观化,同时,通过德、日等国补偿理论的发展,赔偿与补偿的理论基础以及国家责任的救济体系的融合,赔偿与补偿的界限已经模糊。这一现象应当引起我们对传统研究国家赔偿的方法的反思。我国新修订《国家赔偿法》第二条也取消了＂违法＂二字,这将对行政补偿立法方向产生新的影响。     

论违约责任中各种责任方式的适用

违约责任制度是合同法理论中的核心内容,根据《合同法》的规定,违约责任形式包括继续履行、损害赔偿、违约金、定金责任、其他补救措施等,违约责任形式的功能也不尽相同,而我国的违约责任的主要功能是补偿性,这就决定了各责任形式之问的适用规则是不同的,对这个问题的厘清,有助于司法实践部门对法律的正确适用.同时精神损害赔偿在合同法中...     

信赖与信赖利益赔偿新论

信赖和信赖利益赔偿并无必然联系,信赖利益赔偿与过错也无必然联系,信赖利益赔偿与期待利益赔偿也非绝对的排斥,在例外情况下可以同时主张,信赖利益赔偿不限于合同不成立、无效或被撤销的情形,在合同合法有效但又不适宜给予期待利益赔偿时,也可以适用信赖利益赔偿。     

《侵权责任法》视野下的纯粹经济损失问题研究

纯粹经济损失问题在我国的研究较晚,尽管近几年来出现了不少与之相关的案例,各界依然没有对其产生足够的重视,然而时代的发展与公众意识的觉醒对个体权益的保护提出了更高的要求,该问题终于进入公众视野。我国《民法通则》由于颁布时间相对较早,其对纯粹经济损失问题的指导意义掺入了学者很多推理和猜测的成分,虽勉强说得过去,但毕竟与立法原意无太多关联,直到《侵权责任法》出台,理论界对纯粹经济损失的讨论才真正有了着力点。     

行政追偿之基础理论解读

每一项法律制度都是一柄双刃剑.作为行政赔偿制度的重要补充,行政追偿不仅在于惩戒违法的国家工作人员,而且还在于保护国家工作人员的合法权益不受非法侵害.对行政追偿制度的基础理论解读不仅能从根源上为行政追偿寻找正当性的理论支撑,且在立法上支持了国家对追偿法律规范的表述.作为行政追偿制度的根基,基础理论的解读涉及追偿的概念、性...     

我国房地产登记机构赔偿责任的法律思考

房地产登记机构的赔偿责任是我国当前不动产物权登记立法中的重大、疑难问题之一,理论上对此也多有纷争。从我国房地产登记的立法精神以及实践做法来看,登记机构的赔偿责任应当认定为以过错归责为原则的国家赔偿责任。在共同责任形态下,应当根据侵权责任法的原理科学分配登记机构的赔偿责任形态。同时,应当借鉴国外经验,适当限制房地产登记机构的赔偿范围,并建立以专项赔偿资金为主体、以追偿和罚款所得为补充的资金保障制度。