Towards parliamentarisation of foreign and security policy?

Abstract

It is customary to argue that foreign policy is very much dominated by the executive, with parliaments wielding limited influence. However, with the exception of the US Congress, legislative?executive relations in the realm of foreign and security policy have attracted remarkably little scholarly attention. Drawing on a principal?agent framework, this collection scrutinises the conventional wisdom of ‘executive autonomy’ in foreign affairs, indicating that even though parliaments have arguably become more involved in foreign and security policy over time, any notions of parliamentarisation need to be treated with caution. While expectations of consensus in the name of the national interest continue to play an important role in foreign policy decision-making, the papers highlight the role of party-political contestation structuring parliamentary debates and votes in this increasingly politicised issue area. This introductory paper introduces the analytical framework and hypotheses guiding the contributions in this collection, summarises their main findings and suggests avenues for future research.     

State-local sales tax,spillover, and economic activity: examining county governments in the US

The reliance on sales taxation has increased in both states and counties. This study aggregated county-level data and empirically explored the associations between state-local sales taxes and economic activity by industry types in county governments for the period of 1990–2013. The results revealed negative associations of sales tax rates with economic activity, especially in the manufacturing industry. Further, the findings provided the spatial dependence of economic activity across counties as a form of possible spillover. This study suggests that policymakers should pay attention to how the manufacturing and retail industries respond to any changes in sales tax rates for business activity.     

关于中国情报警务战略执行力的思考

要落实中国特色的情报警务战略,必须加强执行力的研究。通过对一些西方发达国家和我国情报警务现状的分析,文章提出情报警务在执行能力方面存在的问题,并从新的视角提出情报警务战略执行者应当具备的10种能力,以及提升警务战略执行力的必要途径。     

试论大学生社会实践活动的教育功能

大学生社会实践活动可以促使大学生与社会进行有机的沟通和融合,缩短大学生的社会化进程,强化对专业理论知识的重要性的认识,有助于学生树立科学的世界观、人生观和价值观,促进大学生素质的全面发展.     

警察行政权的法律责任及监督机制

为维护社会秩序和增进公共福利,赋予警察在社会管理方面一定的公权力是必须的,这种权力就是警察行政权。警察行政权涉及社会的各个方面,对公民的生活影响极大,没有完善的法律责任及监督机制的制约极易给公民的合法权益造成侵害。在实践中,确实大量存在着警察行政权违法行使的情况,因此,应进一步明确警察行政权行使的法律责任并完善其监督机制。     

论违法之法的实体判断标准

依合法之法行政是依法行政的重要组成部分，因而，发现违法之法，适用合法之法不仅仅是立法机关的权力，行政机关的依法行政对此也不能置若罔闻。司法机关的司法审查制度与行政行为具有同样的要求，虽然他们都无权撤销相应立法，但他们必须正确适用法律，因而就必须掌握判断技术。由于司法审查的不足，这些技术在当今的研究中并未受到重视。     

入声字的读音规律及其在语文教学中的运用

中国古代诗词特别讲究音韵、声调和节奏的美感。但是,现在用普通话读古诗词有很多不押韵或节奏不和谐之处,客观上造成了对古诗词美感的破坏。这是由于历史的变迁,古代以中原音韵为官话通用语言的发音系统,现在被普通话语音所取代。中原音韵中的平、上、去、入四声,变为普通话中的阴、阳、上、去四声。其中,入声字的读音规律对古诗词的解读影响极大,尤其应引起语文教学者的注意。为使中华民族的优秀文化得以继承、流传和发扬,语文教学中应该注意对此种现象的讲解。     

变革之活力在异乡的寺庙——加拿大蒙特利尔越南人的佛教活动

加拿大蒙特利尔地区的夏里寺是当地越南裔社区活动主要聚集地,它在越南新移民实现自身角色转变的过程中,在帮助新移民适应当地新的社会环境、居住环境等方面起到了重要的作用。为适应移居国新环境,夏里寺中的组织架构也发生了变化,妇女成为宗教的创立者和领导者。     

论自然人破产制度的构建——对《民事诉讼法》第235条的探讨

我国现行的《民事诉讼法》第235条第五项规定,在自然人作为被执行人的案件中,裁定终结执行的依据是该被执行人“生活困难无力偿还借款,无收入来源,又丧失劳动能力”。事实上,这一条并不具有前瞻性,同时在实践中又由于其前瞻性的缺乏,导致许多执行法院在具体的案件中适用此条有困难,仅对类似案件裁定予以“终结本次执行程序”。这种无奈之举不但于法无据,而且是对终结执行本身目的的违背。