法治视野下的我国行政机关权力之争

当前,我国行政机关之间的权力争议现象大量存在,由于缺乏制度化、规范化的解决渠道,这些争议往往很难得到及时有效的解决.我们必须不断完善行政法律体系,一方面明确规定各行政机关的权限、尽可能减少行政机关之间权力争议的发生;另一方面通过赋予权力争议机关寻求争议解决的法律责任、建立制度化和规范化的行政系统内部权力争议解决机制、完善行政机关第三人诉讼制度和构建机关诉讼,将行政机关之间的权力争议"绳之以法",以促进法治政府的早日实现.     

国外政府机构设置的做法和经验

世界各国中央政府机构的设置情况,既有各自特点,也有一些共同做法。考察分析这些共同做法,有助于了解国外政府机构设置的经验,为我国的政府机构改革提供参考和借鉴。本文选取了九个国家作为分析对象,对各国中央政府的机构设置进行了梳理,尤其对美国、英国、日本和德国的做法进行了较为详细的介绍,探讨了各国中央政府机构设置的一般做法和趋势。     

Responsive Aggression Regulation Therapy (Re-ART) Improves Executive Functioning in Adolescents and Young Adults with Severe Aggression Problems: A Pilot Study

This pilot study (N = 25) compared the effects of a short, four-month version of Responsive Aggression Regulation Therapy Outpatient (Re-ART Compact) and the entire, ten-month intervention (Re-ART Complete) on specific executive functioning (EF) and the risk of violent recidivism in adolescents and young adults (13–23 years). Re-ART is a cognitive behavioral-based intervention for adolescents and young adults with severe aggression problems. The Re-ART Compact and Re-ART Complete groups were comparable on the EF measures inhibition, flexibility, emotion regulation, self-evaluation, and self-control, but the Re-ART Complete group showed more improved risk of violent recidivism. We conclude that Re-ART Compact can be used as a compact, short intervention for EF, which is a valuable addition to the field of forensic mental health care where many problem behaviors relate to poor EF.     

面向21世纪的公安高校人才培养目标及其课程改革方向

教育是面向未来的事业,面向21世纪的公安高校人才培养目标及其课程改革方向直接反映公安高等教育的目的和教学内容,是培养人才素质,提高教育质量的首要环节,研究和探讨这个问题,对于培养世纪担负重任的公安人才,迎接新世杨的挑战具有重大意义。     

Executive action to combat the rise of drug-resistant bacteria: is agricultural antibiotic use sufficiently addressed?

On September 18, 2014, President Barack Obama issued an Executive Order titled Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. The order demands a ‘strategic, coordinated, and sustained effort’ to detect, prevent, and control antibiotic resistance. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), antibiotic-resistant infections are a rising health concern that result in at least two million illnesses and 23,000 deaths each year in the United States. The Executive Order and accompanying documents have been criticized for taking a weak stance against the use of antibiotics in agriculture; however, they include goals to promote antibiotic stewardship on farms, better surveillance of antibiotic use, and the development of alternatives to antibiotics. The criticisms are also unwarranted based on the current state of scientific evidence; nevertheless, there remain compelling reasons to limit the use of antibiotics in agriculture, and if fully implemented, the executive action is set to achieve this goal. This paper will explore why the criticisms are unwarranted, present the conflicting evidence on whether antibiotic use in farm animals poses a significant health threat to humans, offer other reasons to limit the use of antibiotics in livestock, and suggest ways that the government can maximize the efficacy of the proposed actions.     

高职院校行政人员激励现状研究——以内蒙古S高职为例

高职教育是我国高等教育的重要组成部分,经过20多年的发展,近几年呈现出良好的发展势头并取得了显著的成绩。以内蒙古S高职院校为例,我们要根据高职院校自身的特点,积极地、深入地去研究和探讨高职院校行政人员的激励现状,建立更加合理的激励机制。     

公权力优位文化对我国检察制度改革的影响

公权力优位是中国权力文化的特点之一。尽管当代社会在生产方式、社会结构及伦理基础方面均发生实质性变迁,但公权力优位的传统文化至今仍然深刻禁锢并影响着现代人特别是广大官员的思维模式、行为习惯和交往方式。比如过度适用刑法解决民事行政事务、“官本位”思想及公权力过度介入市民社会等都是典型例证。当前,检察制度改革应当以公权力优位传统文化为突破口,在刑事诉讼中要注意宽缓刑事政策的适用和加强人权保障;要进一步强化检察机关对职务犯罪的侦查权力;进一步拓展和加强检察机关对行政权的检察监督,把行政权力“装进”制度的“铁笼里”。     

Going beyond the Roman dictator: a comprehensive approach to emergency rule,with evidence from Latin America

The aim of this article is to contribute to the debate on emergency rule, a practice that democratic theory has struggled to conceptualize. Accordingly, this article differs from existing approaches, which mainly focus on the constitutional design of regimes of exception and tend to identify the institution of the Roman dictator as their source. In contrast, we offer a comprehensive approach, considering other historical sources of emergency rule, going beyond the dichotomy of constitutional and de facto emergency, and focusing specifically on the types of emergency powers involved: executive, legislative and judicial. We propose a different way of conceptualizing emergency rule, following a political rather than a constitutional logic, and we illustrate this different conceptualization by offering evidence from Bolivia, Chile and Guatemala to demonstrate how this comprehensive approach works in practice.     

行政权的边界意识及其法律培植研究

行政权边界意识以哲学上的意识和边界意识为认识前提,以行政权本身为成立和运行载体,由行政权的执行者在头脑中形成与刻意.行政权边界意识的主要范畴主要包括：行政权与公民权的边界意识、行政权与共同公权力的边界意识、行政权的时空边界意识、行政责任与社会责任的边界意识.行政权边界意识的观念提升,宪法、法律以及判例对行政权与公民权边界的明确,公民权利意识对行政权边界意识的反致作用,是行政权与公民权边界意识的法律培植.而行政权与立法权、司法权边界意识以各自的权限为基本意识架构,在责任上,禁止行政责任之社会责任化承担.     

重作判决的立法思考与司法适用——以行政权和司法权的关系为视角

本文认为,行政权和司法权是分工合作、监督制约的关系,两者关系的定位是重作判决立法的重要考量,亦应是重作判决司法适用的判断依归.人民法院在厘清两者关系的同时,应充分发挥司法能动性,加强对行政权的监督和制约,注重行政诉讼重作判决的适法统一.