长角血蜱酸性磷酸酶全长cDNA的克隆与原核表达及其表达产物的酶活性分析

通过对长角血蜱饥饿雌性成蜱cDNA表达文库中筛选到的未知基因进行5′RACE扩增,得到了长角血蜱酸性磷酸酶全长cDNA序列。利用生物信息学方法对该基因的核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列进行了分析,同时构建了系统发育树。采用PCR方法扩增目的基因完整的开放阅读框,将其克隆到表达载体pGEX-4T-1中,构建重组质粒,转入BL21(DE3)中,经IPTG进行诱导表达,分别用SDS-PAGE和Wes-tern-blot分析目的蛋白的表达情况和反应原性,同时进行体外酶活性分析。结果表明,成功获得了长角血蜱酸性磷酸酶全长序列,体外高效诱导表达了约67.0 ku的重组蛋白。Western-blot表明该蛋白具有很强的反应原性,且在pH5.0时,该酶水解对硝基苯磷酸二钠的能力最强。     

Online child exploitation: Challenges and future research directions

Given the relatively new phenomenon of online child exploitation – an important area of criminological and policy concern – it is difficult to obtain long term trend data on reported convictions. Existing legislative and prosecution-based approaches, while important, are unlikely to be adequate. This analysis of the legislative and prosecution-based responses in five Commonwealth countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa and United Kingdom), highlights the need for clear national and international definitions as the lack of consistency in the international legislative environment creates opportunities for sexual exploitation of children. To provide a multi-faceted and non-prosecutorial approach to address online child exploitation including the commercial exploitation of children, this paper identifies five potential research questions.     

昆明“3·01”事件后城市反恐的着力点

昆明"3·01"事件有恐怖犯罪实施、国际恐怖势力、恐怖活动的组织活动等三个环节,这三个环节是恐怖势力在城市进行恐怖活动的三层"附着力"。北京"10·28"、昆明"3·01"和乌鲁木齐"4·30"恐怖事件后中国面临的恐怖威胁进入一个新阶段,城市恐怖威胁越来越突出,恐怖袭击在内地城市可能呈现泛化现象,城市反恐成为国家安全的重要议题。城市反恐斗争的着力点就是打击恐怖势力在城市的"附着力"。     

论地方行政权力清单制度及其法制化

权力清单本质上是对行政法律法规中有关行政权能的细化、整合和集中,它进一步明确了行政权的范围并将政府权力置于阳光下,具有控制和规范行政权的作用和价值。在当下的地方政府权力清单推行过程中,存在着政府及其职能部门不主动、不积极,权力清单的内容不完整、不客观以及不合法等问题。必须将地方政府权力清单制度予以法制化,这是稳步推进权力清单制度顺利推行的需要,是确保权力清单内容合法性的需要,也是保证权力清单内容得以顺利实现的需要。要以法律或行政法规的形式对权力清单制度进行明确规定,并以地方性法规的形式对权力清单的内容及其制定程序予以法制化。     

试论人民警察职业道德建设中的道德两难问题

人民警察职业道德中的道德两难问题,主要有执法制度化与人性化的抉择、警察公权力与私权利的抉择、警察法定职责与社会角色泛化的抉择。究其原因,主要在于外部社会环境的复杂性、内部组织管理的缺陷及个体执法素质因素三个方面。解决道德两难问题,必须以法律为底线,具体对策包括推动法律与道德相协调、加强宣传舆论改善执法环境、加强警察执法权益的制度保障、加强警用装备设施建设、减少非警务活动、深化执法规范化建设六个方面。     

Childhood abuse and neurocognitive performance in adulthood: a preliminary study of executive functioning in offenders

Childhood abuse has an important negative influence on long-term executive functioning performance. Although this has been studied in non-offenders (controls), few investigations have examined offender samples. The aims of this study were: to study the influence of childhood abuse history on adulthood executive functioning in offenders, and to examine whether executive performance is affected differentially by different abusive events. It was found that in comparison with controls (n?=?17) and with non-abused offenders (n?=?22), the abused offenders (n?=?18) have poorer performance on psychomotor-cognitive processing speed and cognitive flexibility. In abused offenders, it was also found that physical abuse events primarily and significantly affected adulthood performance in these cognitive abilities. In conclusion, this study helps us to know, preliminarily, the neurocognitive profile of abused offenders and how different abusive events suffered in childhood (e.g. physical and emotional abuse) differentially affect executive functioning of this sample.     

Effectiveness of cognitive remediation for female inmates: a pilot study

There is considerable evidence that neurocognitive deficits are frequent among incarcerated offenders. However, current correctional programming does not directly seek to remediate deficits in offenders’ neurocognitive deficits. In this pilot project, we sought to treat neurocognitive deficits in incarcerated Portuguese adult women offenders (n?=?28) using cognitive remediation to target cognitive flexibility, memory, and planning. Statistically significant positive changes, with medium to large effect sizes, were discovered across several neurocognitive domains, including attention, speed of processing, verbal learning and memory, cognitive flexibility, and planning. We also found a decrease in the negative emotional states of depression, anxiety, tension/stress, and on disturbed behavior in prison. Cognitive remediation has the potential to enhance the neurocognitive functioning of incarcerated women. Controlled research is needed to establish cognitive remediation fully as an intervention for the treatment of neurocognitive deficits of incarcerated women.     

Scavenging behavior of Lynx rufus on human remains during the winter months of Southeast Texas

Animal-scavenging alterations on human remains can be mistaken as human criminal activity. A 32-day study, documenting animal scavenging on a human cadaver, was conducted at the Southeast Texas Applied Forensic Science facility, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas. A Stealth Cam Rogue IR was positioned near the cadaver to capture scavenging activity. An atypical scavenger, the bobcat, Lynx rufus, was recorded feeding on the cadaver. Scavenging by bobcats on human remains is not a predominant behavior and has minimal documentation. Scavenging behaviors and destruction of body tissues were analyzed. Results show that the bobcat did not feed on areas of the body that it does for other large animal carcasses. Results also show the bobcat feeds similarly during peak and nonpeak hours. Understanding the destruction of human tissue and covering of the body with leaf debris may aid forensic anthropologists and pathologists in differentiating between nefarious human activity and animal scavenging.     

国内行政决策成本研究综述

基于对近十年关于行政决策成本文献的梳理,分析了行政决策成本的内容、过高的原因和影响行政决策成本的因素,指出了优化行政决策成本的途径。与此同时,提出了一些有待解决的问题,尤其是理清了行政决策成本与政府行政成本的关系,指出了行政决策成本不仅是政府行政成本的重要组成部分,它本身也作为一个整体存在,影响着政府行政成本。     

基于民意警务理论和人工免疫学的公安预警应急响应系统研究

随着社会治安环境的日趋复杂化以及违法犯罪行为的逐步升级,如何做好提前预警和及时应对突发性事件已经成为公安机关需要面对的新课题、新挑战。为了适应新形势下的具体要求,更好地履行公安职能,文章结合民意主导警务活动理论和人工免疫学基本原理提出了一个新的公安预警和应急响应系统方案,并通过对比传统的工作模式,分析了新系统的可行性和优势。