Predictability of Physical and Psychological Violence by Early Adverse Childhood Experiences

Early Adverse Childhood experiences (ACEs) in families of origin can take the form of witnessing it and/or being its victim, both of which can lead to the occurrence of domestic violence. Given such close linkage, the purpose of the present study was to determine the predictive abilities of ACEs regarding specific types of physical and psychological violence. To do so, 50 couples from those referred to five different family courts in Tehran to seek divorce due to domestic violence, were randomly selected and administered an author’s-made questionnaire assessing different types of physical and psychological violence and the participant’s history of abuse by their parents. Our findings showed that witnessing domestic violence in childhood can predict different types of physical and psychological violence, but mostly could account for “hitting” of the physical type and “cursing” of the psychological type. Similarly, being the victim of domestic violence mostly accounted for predict “strangling” of the physical type and “cursing” of the psychological type. Such results are discussed in the context of the existing literature and underscore ACEs importance in terms of their predictive ability of various types of physical and psychological violence.     

体验的回归：人本心理学启发式研究方案评析

人本心理学家穆斯塔卡斯发展的启发式研究方案具有自身的独特内涵、特征、概念框架和研究过程.作为一种有着系统的概念框架和完整研究步骤的心理学方法体系,启发式研究方案使人本心理学方法论不再流于理论倡导,而是融入到个人经验研究的具体实践,丰富、增进了心理学的质化研究方法.但它尚需进一步澄清、消除自身概念、设计与操作上的混乱之处,并需以辩证唯物主义实践观看待人的本质,确立心理学的整合视野.     

常识、常理在司法中的运用

正确理解常识和常理,对司法裁判具有重大意义。常识和常理属于人们的的经验性知识,具有前理性、非系统性、经验性、大众性乃至客观性等特征。在司法中,常识和常理是法官认识案情、解释法律、展开逻辑推理的前提和基础。法官可以运用常识、常理认定案件事实,检验和校正法律推理。常识和常理还是法官进行法律论证的资源之一。但是,不能过于夸大常识和常理在司法中的作用。     

论单个证据的证明限度

仅根据归纳法的限度否认诉讼推论大前提的确定性,忽视了诉讼证明的特殊性,导致一般经验法则不确定性的因素,在实证科学领域与诉讼认识领域之间是有差别的。凡在程序上不可为法官诉诸感知予以确定的证据命题的真值,均由程序上的言语行为人加以保证,而其讲真话的概率不可赋予精确数值。单个证据的证明值是一种不可赋予精确数值的概率,两个以上证据的综合证明值也是如此。     

中国共产党百年外交实践的重大成就和历史经验

中国共产党在领导全国各族人民实现民族独立、国家富强、人民幸福的百年历程中,对外交往工作取得了一系列的重大成就和历史经验。一百年来,中国共产党对外交往工作经历了四个不同的历史阶段:新民主主义革命时期的探索和准备、社会主义革命和建设时期的联盟外交、改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期的和平外交、新时代中国特色大国外交。中国共产党百年外交的历史经验表明:党和国家的外交事业必须坚持中国共产党的领导;坚持以国家和人民利益为中心,牢记初心使命;坚持独立自主原则,反对外来干涉和霸权主义;准确把握时代特征和世界大势,高瞻远瞩,与时俱进。     

蝉遁与沉浮--张爱玲、萧红对于生命的两种解读

同样拥有孤独寂寞的人生,张爱玲和萧红的生命感悟却有所不同。出身没落大家庭的张爱玲品味到的是繁华不再的苍凉,她选择了遁世的人生方式;萧红感悟到的是生命的宿命般的苦难和苦难中的一丝温柔,所以,她一生都在生命的路途上艰难地寻觅。     

论泰国打击洗钱犯罪的措施及启示

洗钱是当今社会的一种新型犯罪 ,如果不采取有效的预防和打击措施 ,将对社会造成严重危害。泰国组建的“预防和打击洗钱总署”以其有效的措施发现和遏制洗钱犯罪活动 ,打击金融领域犯罪 ,维护社会安定等成功经验 ,值得我国借鉴。     

Bringing Practitioner Experience into the Classroom: The United Nations Intensive Summer Study Program

Diplomatic practitioners and policy makers represent an important, although frequently neglected, resource for teaching about international relations. The insights and stories provided by practitioners regarding key processes and events are often able to inspire our students to engage complex material and to play a much more active role in their own learning. While it is possible to argue that any type of practitioner contact is beneficial in terms of going beyond the material covered in textbooks, there are definite challenges associated with how to most effectively integrate these experiences with overall student learning. What type of format is most conducive to providing students with an insider's view? What type of preparation is required before contact with practitioners? How can student learning be evaluated in terms of assignments and debriefing activities? And finally, are traditional student feedback mechanisms appropriate for a course that involves a substantial practitioner component? This article investigates each of these challenges in the course of discussing one mechanism for bringing practitioner experience into the classroom, the United Nations Intensive Summer Study Program.     

中国共产党反腐倡廉建设的历史进程

中国共产党的性质和宗旨决定党与各种腐败现象是根本不相容的。在领导中国革命、建设和改革的历程中，围绕不同中心任务，党在反腐倡廉建设上取得了重大成效，积累了丰富经验。革命时期党围绕推翻腐朽旧政权这个使命开展反腐倡廉建设，保持了党的先进性，取得革命胜利。建国后围绕搞好社会主义革命和建设这个使命，党在反腐倡廉建设上取得了积极成效，也有过惨痛教训。改革开放后党围绕社会主义市场经济体制条件下提高党建科学化水平这个使命推进反腐倡廉建设，走出一条中国特色反腐倡廉道路。历史证明，党完全有能力最终从根本上解决腐败问题，实现社会主义廉洁政治。     

从洛克的经验主义看英国现代的立法模式

英国是世界上最早进入现代化的国家之一,其法治现代化起步也较早。文章从洛克的经验主义入手,梳理英国法治现代化的立法模式,对今天正在进行法治现代化建设的我国具有积极的启示意义。