试论依法行政原则在我国的发展

依法行政原则自传到我国并发展至今具有两个特点：一是依法行政原则有广义和狭义两种理解,而且官方文件普遍采用广义理解;二是对＂法＂的理解,在实践中对行政法规或规章的过于强调,对行政立法及行政自由裁量权监督的忽视和缺乏。通过对这两个特点以及二者之间存在的矛盾进行分析后,本文认为,我国目前的关键任务是摆脱寄希望于行政机关自觉依法行政的惯性思维。     

指甲花醌显现纸张上汗潜手印初步研究

目的介绍一种用天然植物提取成分指甲花醌显现渗透性纸张表面汗潜手印的方法。方法利用指甲花醌能够和手印遗留物质中的氨基酸发生显色反应来显现手印。结果显现出的手印纹线在自然光下观察呈紫褐色,并且在540nm激发光源条件下,通过红色护目镜观察还有很强的荧光特征。结论指甲花醌显现法具有安全性高、健康环保、操作简单、显现效果明显的特点。     

"找案源":司法逻辑的场景式解读

真实的司法逻辑存在于真实的司法场景中,这与理论上的短歌长吟必然有所区别。在看似悖逆司法规律的“找案源”场景中．司法机关受到经济利益、部门地位、考核要求以及体制需要等诸多动力的推动,从而呈现出除法律人判断之外的经济人、政治人、社会人等诸多逻辑形态。这些逻辑的运用构成了司法活动的复杂性。如何看待、理解并对之进行反思,将成为正确认识和改进中国司法机关行为的重要依据。     

论普选对香港特区政府的影响

即将实行的香港普选,既符合人民主权原则,也使特区政府面临中央和民众的"双重问责"。一方面,当行政决策的地方主体性被加强的同时,特区政府必须处理好与中央意志的平衡问题;另一方面,普选将推动政党、压力团体和民众的广泛政治参与,通过监督决策过程和效果,促使政务公开和透明,使特区政府更加民主和谨慎决策。     

论全国人大的对外交往

随着中国改革开放的深入发展和国外议会外交的兴起,全国人大的对外交往活动也日益活跃。本文通过对近些年来全国人大对外交往活动的介绍和研究,试图揭示全国人大对外交往在我国整体外交中的地位、独特作用以及其对外交往活动对全国人大自身建设的重要意义。     

Optical Characterization of Some Modern “Eco‐Friendly” Fibers*

Abstract: Fibers that are termed “eco‐friendly” or “biodegradable” by manufacturers are increasingly being used in textile products such as apparel and carpeting to appeal to the ever more environmentally aware public. As such, these modern fibers are expected to begin showing up more often in forensic casework, and it is important that the forensic examiner recognize them. This study employed polarized light microscopy (PLM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy to characterize selected fibers of azlon, polylactic acid (PLA), cellulose composites of alginate or chitin, and bamboo (viscose rayon). Fiber cross‐sections, refractive indices, melting points, solubilities, and FTIR measurements were conducted. Results indicate that the azlons and PLA fibers are easily distinguishable from other textile fibers by their optical and chemical properties. The cellulose composites show only small differences in comparison with other cellulose‐based fibers, while bamboo viscose rayon is indistinguishable from normal viscose rayon.     

Open source software (OSS) governance in the organisation

Going into the century's second decade, Open Source Software (OSS) is ubiquitous. But there remains a disconnect between OSS use and its effective management. In order to ensure that OSS is used in a way which complies with relevant licence requirements and reduces risk (for example, of adverse action from the OSS community and IP leakage through unintended application of the ‘copyleft’ terms of the GPL2); organisations should consider putting in place an effective OSS governance mechanism. OSS governance should take account of the people context, seeking to get buy-in from all stakeholder groups inside and outside the organisation. The high-level OSS strategy should then be agreed between the stakeholders, consistently with other statements of operational strategy. The next level down is the OSS policy statement, which should be clear, brief, event-driven, able to settle 80% of OSS decisions arising day to day and set out what information is to be collected and tracked. Finally, appropriate processes should be put in place to take the strain of OSS governance. Organisations should consider appointing an Open Source Compliance Officer and acquiring a software based indicator tool enabling a number of key governance processes (code review, setting agreed ‘do's and dont's’) to be automated.     

猪脾转移因子微囊的制备及其活性检测

为了提高转移因子的稳定性,以壳聚糖和海藻酸钠为囊材,采用乳化外部凝胶法制备猪脾转移因子微囊,并检测了其粒径大小、包封率、载药量等性质;通过小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬试验和迟发型超敏反应试验检测转移因子微囊的药理活性。结果显示,转移因子微囊呈类圆形,平均粒径为11.05μm,包封率为60.8%,载药量11.60mg/g;转移因子微囊能增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,提高迟发型超敏反应的能力,效果优于转移因子。结果表明,该制备工艺简单,转移因子微囊具有较好的发展前景。     

Religious Institutionalism: A Domestic Explanation for External Support of Rebel Groups

ABSTRACT

What motivates state support for rebel groups? The literature on state support for rebel groups has made critical developments. In particular, scholarship has shed light on the impact of religious identity links. Less work, however, examines the level of religious institutionalism in external states. I argue that the impact of religious links is conditional on the extent to which religion is institutionalized in the external state. Religiously institutionalized states allow domestic religious forces more space in the political arena, which increases pressure on state leaders to support co-religious rebel groups. Using statistical analysis, I find that the interaction of religious institutionalism and religious links affects the likelihood of support. When an external state and rebel group have religious links, and the external state has a high level of religious institutionalism, the likelihood of support is high. In contrast, without a high level of religious institutionalism in the external state, religious links do not increase the likelihood of support. The relationship is driven by cases where the external and target states do not share a religion. This article contributes to existing literature by moving beyond transnational religious links and focuses on how religious institutionalism increases domestic pressure to support co-religious rebel groups.     

图书书名商标权保护解析

图书书名的精炼和高度概括使其难以获得《著作权法》的保护,而《商标法》保护的可行性探讨就势在必行。首先,在明确图书分类的基础上对所需要讨论的范围进行限定,并就图书书名的功能展开分析。其次,图书书名能否获得商标法意义上的保护和如何避免侵犯他人商标权属于硬币的两面,正确分析和划定二者之间的范围和界限,决定了图书书名在商标法意义上保护的可行性。最后,国外相关的立法例为图书书名商标法意义上的保护提供了反证,故适用《商标法》对其进行规制存在着难以逾越的障碍,而适用《反不正当竞争法》保护书名的可行性论证填补了这一权利保护的漏洞,并为司法实践提供了有益尝试。