法律逻辑：回顾与展望

法律逻辑的历史大致分为三个阶段：第一阶段主要是建立以传统逻辑或一阶逻辑内容为框架的法律逻辑体系,并将这些理论广泛地运用于法律思维领域之中;第二阶段主要是从法律适用问题的研究扩展到了法律发现或获取问题的研究;第三阶段主要是对事实发现、法律获取、诉讼主张与裁决证成的规律、规则与方法进行系统的研究,逐渐地建立以事实推理、法律推理、判决推理与法律论证理论为主要内容的不同于传统逻辑与一阶逻辑框架的法律逻辑体系,并将这些理论应用于事实的发现、法律的获取、诉讼主张与裁决的证立之中。     

Regulatory inspection and the changing legitimacy of health and safety

The regulation of conduct via law is a key mechanism through which broader social meanings are negotiated and expressed. The use of regulatory tools to bring about desired outcomes reflects existing social and political understandings of institutional legitimacy, the meanings attached to regulation, and the values it seeks to advance. But these contextual understandings are not static, and their evolution poses challenges for regulators, particularly when they reflect political framing processes. This paper shows how inspection has been reshaped as a tool within the United Kingdom's health and safety system by changes in the meanings attached to the concept of “risk‐based regulation.” While rates of inspection have fallen dramatically in recent years, the nature and quality of inspection have also been fundamentally reshaped via an increasingly procedural and economically rational “risk‐based” policy context. This has had consequences for the transformative and symbolic value of inspection as a tool of regulatory practice.     

The Grammar of Politics: A Brief History of Legislative Language in Britain

Legislative language is a crucial, yet somewhat overlooked element of British politics. So how has the language of British legislation changed over the past century? For this study, all 191,080 pages of legislation enacted between 1900 and 2015 were assessed for changes in the quantity of legislation, and 5,878 sections of legislation from 1920 to 2015 were analysed for changes to the quality of language. Parts of speech that affect the subject, object and verb of sentences were recorded, giving a novel long‐term study of indeterminacy in legislative language. Findings show that interpreting legislation became increasingly dependent on circumstance and discretion after the war. Change further accelerated after 1975. This reflected a widening gap between public demands placed on government power and the difficulties faced in accommodating these demands.     

大陆法系物权移转制度的历史与演变

物权移转是市场经济商品交易的核心环节,也是物权法的主要内容之一.在民法史上,物权移转经历了漫长的发展演变,出现了形式主义、意思主义等模式,罗马法、《法国民法典》、《德国民法典》、《日本民法典》各为物权移转的重要发展阶段.物权移转理论和制度的演变过程,体现了人类社会财产交易活动的发展脉络,对其之研究,十分有助于我国物权法的理论发展和立法进程.     

关于社区教育的几个问题

作者在文中分析了社区教育与社区建设的关系,探讨了社区教育的概念、内涵及其价值定位.     

当事人意思自治原则与我国的立法及实践

当事人意思自治原则作为涉外合同法律适用的首要原则,已为大多数国家的立法和司法实践所接受。我国立法中也采用了这一原则,但与国际上其他国家的立法实践及国际公约相比,条文简略,缺乏可操作性。鉴于此,我国最高人民法院于2007年7月23日发布了《最高人民法院关于审理涉外民事或商事合同纠纷案件法律适用若干问题的规定》(法释〔2007〕14号)。该司法解释的出台为我国法院审理涉外民商事合同案件如何正确确定准据法提供了更具有操作性的法律依据,从而对我国涉外民商事审判实践产生积极的影响。但笔者认为,该司法解释还有进一步完善之必要。     

西方旅游人类学两大研究流派浅析

近40年来,西方旅游人类学显现出两大主要研究流派对旅游的社会文化影响的研究和对旅游的文化符号内涵的探索,它们分别以纳什和格拉伯恩为代表.他们对于旅游的本质是什么,人类学应该从什么角度及怎样研究旅游等问题有着不同的看法.进一步剖析双方的思想分歧,可以加深对西方旅游人类学研究倾向和研究思路的了解,这对刚刚起步的中国旅游人类学研究有一定的借鉴意义.     

我国民事限制自认的含义、类型及适用——以24篇裁判文书为视角

就最高人民法院颁布的“新民事证据规定”第7条而言,其所谓“有所限制或者附加条件”的自认是指广义的限制自认。广义的限制自认包括狭义限制自认及附条件自认两个组成部分。该两者的共性是:它们都与对方提出的主张一致且附加条件。与此同时,该两者的本质区别是:狭义限制自认的最终目的是否定对方提出的相关诉讼请求。而附条件自认则能使主审法官推导出另一涉案事实的成立。案例分析显示:我国法院对广义限制自认的解读存在着诸如误将间接否认识别为狭义限制自认等问题,值得引起规则制定者的注意。     

监狱公众形象建设研究

为弘扬社会主义法治精神,践行行刑正义、人权、文明、法治的现代司法理念,重塑中国监狱全新形象,加强和改进监狱公众形象建设,分析和研究监狱公众形象的基本特征,认识监狱公众形象建设的战略意义,探索监狱公众形象建设的有效途径成为当务之急,也是培育中国先进监狱文化的应有之义.