Women Police Stations as a Dispute Processing System

Abstract

In 1992, the Tamil Nadu State government in India began to introduce all-women police stations whose primary role is to deal with crimes against women, including family violence and dowry disputes. Dowry giving is a customary practice in India, which often results in disputes between young wives and their new families. As a result, the young women may be subjected to physical and mental ill treatment, sometimes resulting in death. Using detailed data from 474 case records and interviews with 60 dowry victims, the present study examines how women police stations serve as a dispute processing system, and describes the services extended by the stations to the victims of dowry disputes. Many cases were successfully resolved and violence was frequently reduced. The study holds implications for the extension of training in dispute resolution for women police in India.     

从沙尘暴防治看立法理念的转换

近年来沙尘暴事件频繁发生、社会危害严重,引起全社会的高度重视.我国颁布实施的《防沙治沙法》以防沙治沙为目的、被预期能直接应对沙尘暴,但法律治理效果甚微.这需要我们反思环境立法理念.从源头上看,沙尘暴的表现形式为自然灾害,但人类对自然界的严重破坏行为是原因的主要方面.因此相应的立法理念、思路和重点就必须重在对于人的行为进行控制,需要治沙但更为重要的是在立法中引入人地协调的理念.理念的转换带来相应的制度的完善,解决现有的防沙治沙的问题、实现其立法目的,其根本上还要在防沙治沙法中突破原有单项思维模式,引入综合决策方式.     

青少年法治意识养成中的家庭因素

家庭因素是青少年法治意识养成的外在关键因素,具体而言应包含家庭主体因素、家庭成员因素、家庭关系因素、家庭环境因素等。要想培养青少年形成完善、健全的法治意识,最现实的做法就是先使其形成正确的法治观念,使家庭的"有意培养"转化为青少年无动因的自然依从,使他们从对法律理性认识基础上产生法治理性心理。     

论保安处分：制度、反思与重构

保安处分制度源于19世纪的欧洲,具体包括决定制度和执行制度两方面的内容.目前,我国的保安处分制度一定程度上存在着决定制度合法性和执行制度合理性的问题.本文从保安处分的基本制度入手,分析了我国保安处分制度本土化和保安处分移植过程中存在的问题,在此基础上对保安处分制度进行了重构.     

Distributive Justice Norms and Family Work: What Is Perceived as Ideal,What Is Applied,and What Predicts Perceived Fairness?

Members of married couples rated how ideal communal, exchange, and equality rules were for their marriages. They also reported on whether they and their spouses followed each norm in general in their marriages and in the domains of housework and child care. Both men and women considered a communal norm to be more ideal than the other norms and reported that they and their spouse followed a communal norm to a greater extent than an exchange or equality rule, both in general and in the domains of housework and child care. In addition, links between reports of actual division of labor in each domain, as well as reports of norm use, and perceived fairness of the division of family work were examined. Greater inequalities in the division of labor were linked to decreased perceptions of fairness. Controlling for reports of division of labor, women's reports of the self and of the spouse following a communal norm were linked with increased perceptions of fairness as were women's reports of the spouse following an equality rule. In contrast, and again after controlling for reports of division of labor, women's reports of the self following an exchange rule and men's reports of the self and of the spouse following an exchange rule were associated with greater perceived unfairness of the division of family work.     

违宪判决的形态

宪法审查的一个重要功能就在于保障宪法价值在法律体系中得以贯彻，然而仅仅将法律法规认定为违宪并不足以有效实现对法律体系的合宪性控制。灵活运用违宪判决的形态可以促使合宪状态的进一步达成，同时避免对政治和法律秩序造成过度的冲击。违宪判决的形态大致包括违宪无效判决、单纯违宪判决和警告性判决。违宪判决形态的选择方法和原理是政治智慧和法律技巧相结合的产物，对这些不同模式下的判决形态选择方法加以梳理、比较，并分析其背后的制度因素，可为激活我国的宪法审查制度提供一种可能的推进策略。     

“形成抚养关系”说原理与法律实施问题研究

“形成抚养关系”是婚姻家庭法律中常见的用语，但在理解和执行上却千姿百态。将非血亲关系间的扶养关系重构为实际父母子女关系、亚父母子女关系、有扶助事实三个层次并分别规定程度不同的权利义务，是重组家庭法律中十分重要的一个部分。     

Examining Factors Co-Existing with Interpersonal Violence in Lesbian Relationships

Interpersonal violence within lesbian relationships is a significant yet understudied problem. Women attending a gay pride festival in Atlanta, GA, were asked to complete a survey concerning same-sex interpersonal violence. Women who reported being in a current or previous same-sex partner relationship were included in the analyses (N = 226). Factors that occurred in the context of interpersonal violence were investigated: substance use, HIV/STI risk behaviors, barriers to reporting abuse, and attitudes inhibiting seeking of social support. In addition, the survey assessed relationship-related power dynamics. Results of multivariate analyses support the hypotheses that power imbalance and inequality when making sex-related decisions within women’s same-sex relationships are associated with interpersonal violence. Further findings suggested that a combination of factors must be considered when dealing with and reducing the risk for violence in same-sex relationships.     

论中国古代法与罗马法中的“家”

在古中国和古罗马“家”有共同之处，都是位于公权力的末梢。古中国家父权成为发挥“家”的政治职能的工具；古罗马家父权是家庭王国的主权。中国自给自足的自然经济和农耕文明产生了专制主义的政治制度。家作为一个“国中之国”，随着专制主义色彩的浓化而不断加强。在古罗马，随着对外疆域的扩张，商品经济的日益活跃，家从家庭的藩篱中解脱出来而取得独立的法律人格，家的政治组织、家族本位色彩日益消褪，并逐渐向维持家庭成员物质和感情生活的价值取向过度。